如何转义 Vim 命令中的 % 和 # 字符？
我正在使用 Ack (https://github.com/mileszs/ack.vim) --literal 标志在 Vim 中搜索项目。我注意到，每当我搜索带有 % 或 # 字符的字符串时，搜索结果与我预期的不匹配。我做了一些研究，发现这是因为 Vim 会在命令中扩展这些字符（% 是当前文件，# 是其他内容，不确定是什么）。
考虑到这些符号在代码中经常出现，在执行搜索时这是非常烦人的行为。有没有办法逃脱它们，最好是自动逃脱，以便搜索按预期进行？我当前的映射是：nnoremap。
示例
假设我在 CSS 文件中的某个位置有一个选择器 #body，我想找到它。这些是我尝试过的事情（没有成功）：
:Ack --literal #body
:Ack --literal \#body
:Ack --literal "#body"
:Ack --literal "\#body"
有什么想法为什么转义在这里不能像往常一样工作，或者这甚至在寻找什么？我还没有发现这些示例与任何内容匹配。
解决方案
我已经通过双重转义字符使其工作。例如， :Ack --literal "\\#body" 将显示 :ack -H --nocolor --nogroup --column --literal "#body"在结果窗口的状态栏中显示预期结果。报价似乎也是必需的。
I'm using Ack (https://github.com/mileszs/ack.vim) with the --literal flag to search through projects in Vim. I noticed that whenever I search for a string with the % or # characters, the search doesn't match things as I'd expect it to. I did some research and found that it's because Vim will expand these characters in commands (% is the current file and # to something else, not sure what).
This is pretty annoying behavior when performing a search, considering these symbols come up pretty often in code. Is there a way to escape them, preferably automatically, so that the search works as expected? My current mapping is: nnoremap <leader>al :Ack --literal<space>.
Example
Say I have a selector #body in a CSS file someplace and I want to find it. These are the things I've tried (that haven't worked):
:Ack --literal #body
:Ack --literal \#body
:Ack --literal "#body"
:Ack --literal "\#body"
Any ideas why escaping wouldn't work as usual here, or what this is even searching for? I haven't had these examples match anything.
Solution
I've gotten it to work by double-escaping the characters. For example, :Ack --literal "\\#body" will show :ack -H --nocolor --nogroup --column --literal "#body" in the statusline of the result window and bring up the expected results. The quotes seem to be required as well.
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评论（4）
我对@sehe的答案有一个补充：当你执行
!...或system('...')vim 不会处理...< /code> 本身，但调用 shell，如下所示：{shell} {shellcmdflag} {shellxquote}...{shellxquote}。对于 ack 调用，这将类似于["/bin/bash", "-c", "ack -H --nocolor --nogroup --literal #body"]，因此 bash 将忽略--literal之后的所有内容，因为#是注释字符。对于'#body'不会这样做，因为带引号的字符串内不可能有注释。I have one addition to @sehe's answer: when you do
!...orsystem('...')vim does not process...by itself, but calls shell, like this:{shell} {shellcmdflag} {shellxquote}...{shellxquote}. For ack call this will be something like["/bin/bash", "-c", "ack -H --nocolor --nogroup --literal #body"], so bash will ignore everything after--literalbecause#is a comment character. It won't do so for'#body'because no comments are possible inside a quoted string.这是 ack.vim 中的一个错误，不知何故，当你执行
:Ack --literal \#body时，ack 程序甚至没有被调用，但是，我使用了
: Ack --literal '\#body'（注意额外的引号）确实按预期工作：我还没有真正测试过它......
It is a bug in ack.vim, somehow the ack program isn't even being called when you do
:Ack --literal \#bodyHowever, I used
And it seems that doing
:Ack --literal '\#body'(mind the extra quotes) does work as expected:I haven't really tested it...
您只需在它们前面加上反斜杠
即可输出当前缓冲区的文件名
打印一个单独的“％”字符
You just prefix them with a backslash
outputs the current buffer's filename
prints a solitary '%' character
显然你必须多次转义，如 an ack.vim 问题：
Apparently you have to escape multiple times as mentioned in an ack.vim issue: