Python从浮点数中获取最低有效数字(不使用字符串操作)

发布于 2024-10-31 22:18:02 字数 291 浏览 5 评论 0原文

假设我有浮点数 12345.6789,并且我想使用 python 中的位运算(v.2.6)将六个最低有效数字(即 45.6789)作为 int(即 456789)获得。

我该怎么做?

谢谢

PS 我不想使用字符串操作,即使它相当容易:对于任何浮点数 f:

int(str(int(f * 1000))[-10:])

编辑:这个原始问题是毫无意义的,如其中的评论所示。非常抱歉...下面显示了在不使用字符串的情况下获取最低有效数字的方法(使用整数和模数)

Assuming I have the float 12345.6789 and I want to get the six least significant digits (i.e. 45.6789) as an int (i.e. 456789) using bit operations in python (v. 2.6).

How do I do that?

Thanks

PS I do not want to use string operations even if it would be rather easy to: for any float f:

int(str(int(f * 1000))[-10:])

EDIT: This original question is pointless, as shown by comments within. Many apologies... instead methods on getting the least significant digits without using strings are shown below (using ints and modulus)

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评论(3

过去的过去 2024-11-07 22:18:02
>>> a = 12345.6789
>>> b = int(a*10000)
>>> b
123456789
>>> c = b % 1000000
>>> c
456789

但为什么??

>>> a = 12345.6789
>>> b = int(a*10000)
>>> b
123456789
>>> c = b % 1000000
>>> c
456789

But - WHY??

沫离伤花 2024-11-07 22:18:02

与您的字符串解决方案相关的是 python 2.7 中的浮点显示算法发生了变化:

Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Sep 15 2010, 15:52:39) 
>>> 12345.6789
12345.678900000001

Python 2.7.0+ (r27:82500, Sep 15 2010, 18:04:55) 
>>> 12345.6789
12345.6789

无论您使用其中一种还是另一种,都存在一个问题,即确切地知道浮点数的精度是什么。假设你的算法的浮点数为 1.23。精度是多少?也许它被存储为 1.230,但它恰好以零数字结尾。因此,您必须知道要保留句点后的位数。

此外,位运算不适用于浮点数:

>>> 12345.6789 << 4
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for <<: 'float' and 'int'

因此,您必须将浮点数乘以已知精度并使用模 (%),如其他海报所建议的那样。

Relevant for your string solution is that the float display algorithm changed in python 2.7:

Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Sep 15 2010, 15:52:39) 
>>> 12345.6789
12345.678900000001

Python 2.7.0+ (r27:82500, Sep 15 2010, 18:04:55) 
>>> 12345.6789
12345.6789

Whether you use one or the other, there's a problem knowing what, exactly, is the precision of a floating point number. Say your algorithm is given the float 1.23. What's the precision? Maybe it was stored as 1.230, but it just happened to end with a zero digit. So you must know how many digits after the period you wish to preserve.

Also, bit operations do not work on floats:

>>> 12345.6789 << 4
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for <<: 'float' and 'int'

So you must multiply the float by your known precision and use modulo (%), as suggested by other posters.

疾风者 2024-11-07 22:18:02
>>> int(12345.6789*10000)%1000000
456789

但这不是位运算

>>> int(12345.6789*10000)%1000000
456789

but that is not bit operations

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