我想从此代码中删除 using namespace std，但不确定所有内容都需要以 std:: 为前缀

Question

我想删除 using namespace std，但我不知道所有内容都需要添加前缀。

 #include <iostream>
 #include "PlayingCard.h"

 using namespace std;

 PlayingCard makeValidCard(int value, int suit);

 int main()
{
// Create a playing card
PlayingCard card1;


// Test the default constructor and GetCardCode
cout << "Testing default constructor. Expect card code to be 00\n card code is :";
cout << card1.getCardCode() << endl << endl;


// Test the setter and getter
cout << "Seting card to 'AH' using SetValue and SetSuit" << endl;
card1.setCard('A', 'H');
cout << "GetValue returns :" << card1.getValue() << endl;
cout << "GetSuit returns :" << card1.getSuit() << endl << endl;


// Test overloaded constructor
PlayingCard tenOfSpades('T', 'S');
cout << "Testing overloaded constructor. Expect card code to be TS\n card code is :";
cout << tenOfSpades.getCardCode() << endl << endl;


// Test IsValid with valid cards
cout << "Testing valid card codes.\n"
     << "Expect isValid to return true for all (except perhaps Jokers.)"
      << endl;
// Create and test valid cards
int validCards = 0;     // cards that return true for IsValid
int invalidCards = 0;   // cards that return false for IsValid

// Create and test four suits plus the jokers
for(int suit = 1; suit <= 5; suit++)
{
    // Create and test ace, 2 - 9, Jack, Queen, and King
    for(int value = 1; value <= 13; value++)
    {
        PlayingCard aCard = makeValidCard(value, suit);
       cout << "Card Code: " << aCard.getCardCode() << " IsValid :";
       if (aCard.isValid())
       {
           validCards++;
            cout << "true" << endl;
       }
        else
        {
            invalidCards++;
            cout << "false" << endl;
        }
    // suit 5 is just for creating the two Jokers
    if (suit == 5 && value >= 2)
        break;
    }
}
cout << "IsValid returned false for " << invalidCards << " card codes" << endl;
cout << "IsValid returned true for " << validCards << " card codes" << endl;
cout << endl;


// Test IsValid with invalid cards
// Create and test invalid cards
cout << "Testing invalid card codes; isValid should return false for all." << endl;
validCards = 0;
invalidCards = 0;
   // Loop through all possible ASCII character codes for card codes
   for(int suit = 0; suit <= 255; suit++)
   for(int value = 0; value <= 255; value++)
   {
        // Only check card codes that are not valid
        PlayingCard aCard = makeValidCard(value, suit);
        if (aCard.getCardCode() == "00")
        {
            if (aCard.isValid())
            {
               cout << "value :" << value << " suit :" <<suit << " IsValid :";
               cout << "true" << endl;
               validCards++;
            }
            else
            {
                invalidCards++;
            }
        }
    }
    cout << "IsValid returned false for " << invalidCards << " card codes" << endl;
    cout << "IsValid returned true for " << validCards << " card codes" << endl;

return 0;
}


/******************************************************/
/* Test Functions                                     */
/******************************************************/

PlayingCard makeValidCard(int iValue, int iSuit)
{
char value = '0';
char suit = '0';


    switch (iValue)
    {
        case 1:
           value = 'A';
           break;
        case 10:
            value = 'T';
            break;
        case 11:
           value = 'J';
           break;
        case 12:
           value = 'Q';
           break;
        case 13:
           value = 'K';
           break;
        default:
            if ((iValue >= 2) && (iValue <= 9))
                value = '0' + iValue;
            break;
    }


   switch (iSuit)
    {
        case 1:
           suit = 'D';
           break;
        case 2:
           suit = 'S';
           break;
        case 3:
           suit = 'C';
           break;
        case 4:
           suit = 'H';
           break;
        // Special case for the Joker
        case 5:
            if(iValue == 1)
            {
                value = 'Z';
                suit = 'B';
            }
            else if(iValue == 2)
            {
                value = 'Z';
                suit = 'R';
            }
            else
            {
                value = '0';
                suit = '0';
            }
            break;
    }

    PlayingCard testCard(value, suit);
    return testCard;
}

Answer 1

只需将其删除，然后为编译器出错的所有内容添加前缀即可。 :P

---

快速浏览一下，肯定需要添加前缀的是 cout 和 endl。
另外，请不要使用endl来插入换行符，而是使用普通的旧'\n'。 endl 不仅插入换行符，而且还刷新流，如果频繁使用（您确实这样做），这可能会严重影响性能。仅当除了插入换行符之外还需要刷新流时才使用它。

Answer 2

我没有仔细查看代码，但可能只是 cout 和 endl。如果编译器给出有关未定义符号的错误，请尝试将 std 也添加到其中。顺便说一句，您还可以将 using namespace std; 更改为 using std::cout; 和 using std::endl; 这将保持全局命名空间避免被过度污染，但避免将限定符添加到代码中的每个实例。

Answer 3

我看到的唯一两个是 cout 和 endl 其他所有内容都是关键字或用户定义的。

Answer 4

鉴于您使用cout的频率，您可能需要将using namespace std;替换为using std::cout;。

正如 Xeo 所说，您应该搜索并替换 endl 为 '\n'。

看起来这可能涵盖了你所有的基础。通过添加出现的 std:: 来修复任何其他编译器错误。