您能否使用 Excel Interop 一次粘贴一组单元格而不使用剪贴板？

Question

我正在尝试将数据从 DataSet 传输到 Excel 工作簿中。不幸的是，我需要更多的控制，而不仅仅是通过 ADO.NET 链接到 Excel 并使用标准 SQL 来选择和插入数据，因此我使用 Excel 互操作。

我最初的算法涉及循环遍历数据集的所有表/行/项目，并单独设置 Excel 中每个单元格的公式。这可行，但传输所有数据需要将近半分钟。

我决定尝试不同的解决方案：将每个表转换为制表符分隔的字符串（使用 StringBuilder 和 string.Join() 的组合，将字符串复制到剪贴板，并使用互操作在 Excel Worksheet 对象上调用“粘贴”命令，

这也可以，并且将时间缩短了 50% 以上，但我对使用剪贴板进行传输有点偏执。如果用户在传输过程中开始执行涉及剪贴板的其他操作，会发生什么情况？我还想知道如果我可以直接粘贴字符串而不是使用剪贴板作为中介，是否会更快

。我的问题...是否有一些命令可以让我直接从 C# 字符串在 Excel 中“粘贴”数据块，而无需使用剪贴板？

Answer 1

创建一个与目标范围具有相同维度的二维对象数组（第一个数组索引是行数；第二个是列数）。然后使用该数组设置范围的 value 属性。

例子：

void SetRange(Worksheet worksheet, DataSet dataSet)
{
    object[] values = GetValuesFromDataSet(dataSet);
    int rowCount = values.GetUpperBound(0);
    int columnCount = values.GetUpperBound(1);
    Range range = worksheet.Range(worksheet.Cells(1, 1), worksheetCells.(rowCount, columnCount));
    range.Value = values;
}

Answer 2

您可以使用 HttpResponse 对象及其 write() 方法将字符串刷新到 Excel 中。首先创建一个 Excel 模板字符串。请参考这个例子。

private static string getWorkbookTemplate()
{
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(818);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"<?xml version=""1.0""?>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"<?mso-application progid=""Excel.Sheet""?>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"<Workbook xmlns=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:o=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:x=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:ss=""urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@" xmlns:html=""http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@" <Styles>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"  <Style ss:ID=""Default"" ss:Name=""Normal"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <Alignment ss:Vertical=""Bottom""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <Borders/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <Font ss:FontName=""Verdana"" x:Family=""Swiss"" ss:Size=""12"" ss:Color=""#0000A0""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <Interior/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <NumberFormat/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <Protection/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"  </Style>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"  <Style ss:ID=""s62"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <Font ss:FontName=""Calibri"" x:Family=""Swiss"" ss:Size=""11"" ss:Color=""#000000""{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"    ss:Bold=""1""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"  </Style>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"  <Style ss:ID=""s63"">{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"   <NumberFormat ss:Format=""Short Date""/>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@"  </Style>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.AppendFormat(@" </Styles>{0}", Environment.NewLine);
    sb.Append(@"{0}\r\n</Workbook>");
    return sb.ToString();
}

private static string replaceXmlChar(string input)
{
    input = input.Replace("&", "&");
    input = input.Replace("<", "<");
    input = input.Replace(">", ">");
    input = input.Replace("\"", """);
    input = input.Replace("'", "'");
    return input;
}

private static string getCell(Type type, object cellData)
{
    Object data = (cellData is DBNull) ? "" : cellData;
    if (type.Name.Contains("Int") || type.Name.Contains("Double") || type.Name.Contains("Decimal")) return string.Format("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"Number\">{0}</Data></Cell>", data);
    if (type.Name.Contains("Date") && data.ToString() != string.Empty)
    {
        return string.Format("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"s63\"><Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">{0}</Data></Cell>", Convert.ToDateTime(data).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
    }
    return string.Format("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">{0}</Data></Cell>", replaceXmlChar(data.ToString()));
}
private static string getWorksheets(DataSet source)
{
    StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
    if (source == null || source.Tables.Count == 0)
    {
        sw.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet1\">\r\n<Table>\r\n<Row><Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\"></Data></Cell></Row>\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
        return sw.ToString();
    }
    foreach (DataTable dt in source.Tables)
    {
        if (dt.Rows.Count == 0)
            sw.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"" + replaceXmlChar(dt.TableName) + "\">\r\n<Table>\r\n<Row><Cell  ss:StyleID=\"s62\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\"></Data></Cell></Row>\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
        else
        {
            //write each row data                
            int sheetCount = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                if ((i % rowLimit) == 0)
                {
                    //add close tags for previous sheet of the same data table
                    if ((i / rowLimit) > sheetCount)
                    {
                        sw.Write("\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
                        sheetCount = (i / rowLimit);
                    }
                    sw.Write("\r\n<Worksheet ss:Name=\"" + replaceXmlChar(dt.TableName) +
                             (((i / rowLimit) == 0) ? "" : Convert.ToString(i / rowLimit)) + "\">\r\n<Table>");
                    //write column name row
                    sw.Write("\r\n<Row>");
                    foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)
                        sw.Write(string.Format("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"s62\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">{0}</Data></Cell>", replaceXmlChar(dc.ColumnName)));
                    sw.Write("</Row>");
                }
                sw.Write("\r\n<Row>");
                foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)
                    sw.Write(getCell(dc.DataType, dt.Rows[i][dc.ColumnName]));
                sw.Write("</Row>");
            }
            sw.Write("\r\n</Table>\r\n</Worksheet>");
        }
    }

    return sw.ToString();
}
public static string GetExcelXml(DataTable dtInput, string filename)
{
    string excelTemplate = getWorkbookTemplate();
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    ds.Tables.Add(dtInput.Copy());
    string worksheets = getWorksheets(ds);
    string excelXml = string.Format(excelTemplate, worksheets);
    return excelXml;
}

public static string GetExcelXml(DataSet dsInput, string filename)
{
    string excelTemplate = getWorkbookTemplate();
    string worksheets = getWorksheets(dsInput);
    string excelXml = string.Format(excelTemplate, worksheets);
    return excelXml;
}

public static void ToExcel(DataSet dsInput, string filename, HttpResponse response)
{
    string excelXml = GetExcelXml(dsInput, filename);
    response.Clear();
    response.AppendHeader("Content-Type", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
    response.AppendHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + filename);
    response.Write(excelXml);
    response.Flush();
    response.End();
}

public static void ToExcel(DataTable dtInput, string filename, HttpResponse response)
{
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    ds.Tables.Add(dtInput.Copy());
    ToExcel(ds, filename, response);
}

Answer 3

你能不能只创建一个 CSV 字符串，并使用：

File.WriteAllText()

Answer 4

我建议在 VB.NET 中创建一个支持可选参数（更简洁的代码）的库，然后从 C# 调用它。与其他答案一样，这一切都取决于 Range.Value2 调用。

这是 VB.NET 中的一些示例代码

Public Function GetObjectArray(ByVal range_ref As Range) As Object(,)
    If range_ref.Count > 0 Then
        Return CType(range_ref.Value2, Object(,))
    Else
        Return New Object(,) {{range_ref.Value2}}
    End If
End Function

Public Sub SetObjectArray(ByVal range_ref As Range, ByVal values As Object(,))
    If range_ref.Count > 0 Then
        range_ref.Value2 = values
    Else
        range_ref.Value2 = values(0, 0)
    End If
End Sub

检查计数的原因是因为对于单个引用 .Value2 返回一个值，而不是可以转换为 object[,] 的数组，

您实际上可以使用 object[,] 数组转换回 double[,] 数组.com/q/5083565/380384">此处发布了使用 Array.Copy() 的技巧。

Public Function GetValueArray(ByVal range_ref As Range) As Double(,)
    Dim temp As Object(,) = GetObjectArray(range_ref)
    Dim N As Integer = temp.GetLength(0)
    Dim M As Integer = temp.GetLength(1)
    Dim res As Double(,) = New Double(N - 1, M - 1) {}
    Array.Copy(temp, res, temp.Length)
    Return res
End Function

Public Sub SetValueArray(ByVal range_ref As Range, ByVal values As Double(,))
    Dim N As Integer = values.GetLength(0)
    Dim M As Integer = values.GetLength(1)
    Dim temp As Object(,) = Array.CreateInstance( _
        GetType(Object), _
        New Integer() {N, M}, _
        New Integer() {1, 1})
    Array.Copy(values, temp, values.Length)
    SetObjectArray(range_ref, temp)
End Sub