如何将函数存储到变量中?
我认为它们被称为函子? (已经有一段时间了)
基本上,我想将指向函数的指针存储在变量中,这样我就可以从命令行指定要使用的函数。
所有函数都返回并采用相同的值。
unsigned int func_1 (unsigned int var1)
unsigned int func_2 (unsigned int var1)
function_pointer = either of the above?
那么我可以通过以下方式调用它: function_pointer(my_variable)?
编辑: 根据@larsmans的建议,我得到了这个: Config.h:
class Config
{
public:
unsigned static int (*current_hash_function)(unsigned int);
};
Config.cpp:
#include "Config.h"
#include "hashes.h"
unsigned static int (*current_hash_function)(unsigned int) = kennys_hash_16;
hashes.h:
unsigned int kennys_hash(unsigned int out);
unsigned int kennys_hash_16(unsigned int out);
hashes.cpp:
just implements the functions in the header
main.cpp:
#include "Config.h"
#include "hashes.h"
// in test_network:
unsigned int hashed = Config::current_hash_function(output_binary);
//in main():
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-kennys_hash_16") == 0)
{
Config::current_hash_function = kennys_hash_16;
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-kennys_hash_8") == 0)
{
Config::current_hash_function = kennys_hash;
}
我得到的错误:
g++ -o hPif src/main.o src/fann_utils.o src/hashes.o src/Config.o -lfann -L/usr/local/lib
Undefined symbols:
"Config::current_hash_function", referenced from:
test_network() in main.o // the place in the code I've selected to show
auto_test_network_with_random_data(unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int)in main.o
generate_data(unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int)in main.o
_main in main.o // the place in the code I've selected to show
_main in main.o // the place in the code I've selected to show
generate_train_file() in fann_utils.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [hPif] Error 1
I think they are called functors? (it's been a while)
Basically, I want to store a pointer to a function in a variable, so I can specify what function I want to use from the command line.
all the functions return and take the same values.
unsigned int func_1 (unsigned int var1)
unsigned int func_2 (unsigned int var1)
function_pointer = either of the above?
so then I could call it by going: function_pointer(my_variable)?
EDIT:
as per @larsmans's suggestion, I've gotten this:
Config.h:
class Config
{
public:
unsigned static int (*current_hash_function)(unsigned int);
};
Config.cpp:
#include "Config.h"
#include "hashes.h"
unsigned static int (*current_hash_function)(unsigned int) = kennys_hash_16;
hashes.h:
unsigned int kennys_hash(unsigned int out);
unsigned int kennys_hash_16(unsigned int out);
hashes.cpp:
just implements the functions in the header
main.cpp:
#include "Config.h"
#include "hashes.h"
// in test_network:
unsigned int hashed = Config::current_hash_function(output_binary);
//in main():
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-kennys_hash_16") == 0)
{
Config::current_hash_function = kennys_hash_16;
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-kennys_hash_8") == 0)
{
Config::current_hash_function = kennys_hash;
}
the error I get:
g++ -o hPif src/main.o src/fann_utils.o src/hashes.o src/Config.o -lfann -L/usr/local/lib
Undefined symbols:
"Config::current_hash_function", referenced from:
test_network() in main.o // the place in the code I've selected to show
auto_test_network_with_random_data(unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int)in main.o
generate_data(unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int)in main.o
_main in main.o // the place in the code I've selected to show
_main in main.o // the place in the code I've selected to show
generate_train_file() in fann_utils.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [hPif] Error 1
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如果您安装了 Boost,您还可以查看Boost 函数。
IF you have Boost installed, you can also check out Boost Function.
你能做的最简单的事情是
这是一个裸函数指针,它不能用来指向自由函数以外的任何东西。
如果您的编译器支持 C++0x
auto
关键字,则可以减轻痛苦:在任何情况下,您都可以使用以下命令调用该函数
还有许多其他提供通用性的选项,例如:
boost::function
与任何 C++ 编译器std::function
这些可用于指向任何可以使用适当的签名来调用(它实际上是实现称为函子的
operator()
的对象)。更新(解决更新的问题)
您直接的问题是您尝试使用 Config::current_hash_function (您声明得很好)但无法定义它。
这定义了一个指向函数的全局静态指针,与 Config 类中的任何内容无关:
这正是您所需要的:
The simplest you can do is
This is a bare function pointer, which cannot be used to point to anything other than a free function.
You can make it less painful if your compiler supports the C++0x
auto
keyword:In any case, you can call the function with
There are many other options that provide generality, for example:
boost::function
with any C++ compilerstd::function
These can be used to point to any entity that can be invoked with the appropriate signature (it's actually objects that implement an
operator()
that are called functors).Update (to address updated question)
Your immediate problem is that you attempt to use
Config::current_hash_function
(which you declare just fine) but fail to define it.This defines a global static pointer to a function, unrelated to anything in
class Config
:This is what you need instead:
从 C++11 开始,您可以使用 std::function 来存储函数。要存储函数,您可以将其用作follsonig:
作为一个例子,它是:
From C++11 you can use
std::function
to store functions. To store function you use it as follsonig:as an example here it is:
不,这些称为函数指针。
No, these are called function pointers.
您还可以使用 c++0x 或 boost 中的函数。
那将是
然后使用bind 将您的函数绑定到此类型。
看看这里和这里
好的,这里是一个例子。我希望这有帮助。
You could also use function either from the c++0x or from boost.
That would be
and then use bind to bind your function to this type.
Have a look here and here
Ok here would be a example. I hope that helps.
您可以通过这种方式将函数存储在 C++ 中的变量中
You can store a function in a variable in c++ in this way
然而,函数指针的语法很糟糕,所以通常使用
typedef
它们:However, the syntax for function pointers is awful, so it's common to
typedef
them: