Web 服务器与应用服务器
应用程序服务器是否类似于 Web 服务器之上的附加应用程序服务层？
应用服务器总是以Web服务器为核心吗？
有什么区别？
Is an application server something like an additional layer of application servicing above a web server?
Does an application server always have a web server as its core?
What is the difference?
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不，应用程序服务器不包含 Web 服务器...
阅读以下文章...
http:// www.answers.com/topic/application-server
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E19159-01/819-3671/ablat/index.html
基本上：
在 20 世纪 90 年代中期网络爆炸之后，应用程序服务器成为基于 Web 的。
下面还显示了 Web 服务器、Web 容器和应用程序服务器之间的区别...
Web 服务器、Web 容器和应用程序服务器之间的区别
Web 服务器 是一个能够接收 HTTP 请求、解释它们、处理相应的 HTTP 响应并将它们发送到适当的客户端（Web 浏览器）的服务器。示例：Apache Web 服务器。阅读有关 Web 服务器及其工作的更多信息>>
Web 容器是一种符合 J2EE 的实现，它为 Servlet 和 JSP 的运行提供环境。换句话说，我们可以说 Web 容器是 Servlet 引擎和 JSP 引擎的组合。如果 HTTP 请求引用 Web 组件（通常是 Servlet 或 JSP），则该请求将转发到 Web 容器，并将请求的结果发送回 Web 服务器，Web 服务器使用该结果为该请求准备 HTTP 响应。特定的 HTTP 请求。示例：Tomcat 是一个典型的Web 容器。典型的设置是将 Apache HTTP Server 作为 Web 服务器，将 Tomcat 作为 Web 容器。
应用程序服务器是一个完整的服务器，除了提供Web容器和Web服务器的功能之外，它还提供运行业务组件（EJB、ADF BC等）的环境。示例：Bea WebLogic、IBM WebSphere、Oracle
应用服务器等
No,Application server does not contain web server...
Read following articles...
http://www.answers.com/topic/application-server
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E19159-01/819-3671/ablat/index.html
Basically:
After the Web exploded in the mid-1990s, application servers became Web based.
Also following shows the difference between web server, web container and application server...
Difference between a Web Server, Web Container, and an Application Server
A Web Server is a server capable of receiving HTTP requests, interpreting them, processing the corresponding HTTP Responses and sending them to the appropriate clients (Web Browsers). Example: Apache Web Server. Read more about Web Servers and their working>>
A Web Container is a J2EE compliant implementation which provides an environment for the Servlets and JSPs to run. Putting it differently we can say that a Web Container is combination of a Servlet Engine and a JSP Engine. If an HTTP Request refers to a Web Component (typically a Servlet or a JSP) then the request is forwarded to the Web Container and the result of the request is sent back to Web Server, which uses that result to prepare the HTTP Response for the particular HTTP Request. Example: Tomcat is a typical Web Container. A typical setup would be to have Apache HTTP Server as the Web Server and Tomcat as the Web Container.
An Application Server is a complete server which provides an environment for running the business components (EJBs, ADF BCs, etc.) in addition to providing the capabilities of a Web Container as well as of a Web Server. Example: Bea WebLogic, IBM WebSphere, Oracle
Application Server, etc.
实际上，随着网络，特别是“网络服务”的爆炸式增长，所有现代应用程序服务器也可以充当网络服务器。例如，当前版本的 Tomcat 包含内置 Web 服务器功能，因此您不再必须运行单独的 Apache HTTP 服务器。过去，最好运行单独的专用 Web 服务器（例如 Apache），因为应用程序服务器是针对应用程序服务器而不是针对 Web 服务器处理进行优化的；但是应用程序服务器作为 Web 服务器的性能已经提高，因此任何剩余的性能差异都是无关紧要的 - 并且当然不能证明运行单独服务器的费用是合理的。
如今，主要区别在于应用程序服务器旨在支持 Java 等编程语言，或者在 .net 平台上支持 C#，并提供底层基础设施，包括自动容错、会话管理、事务管理、多线程 - 以及构建可扩展的企业应用程序所需的一切。当前的 Web 服务器旨在支持 Ruby、PHP、Python 和 Perl 等语言，并且缺乏应用服务器的内置基础设施。
然而，应用程序服务器和 Web 服务器之间的区别正在变得模糊，并且随着“Web 服务”变得越来越流行以及 Ruby 等语言的成熟，这种区别将继续变得模糊，因此需要 Web 服务器提供与当今的应用程序相同的底层基础设施服务器。最后，主要区别将是（还不是）：如果您想使用 Java 或 C# 开发应用程序的后端（云）层，请使用应用程序服务器；如果您想使用 Ruby、PHP 或 Perl 开发应用程序，请使用 Web 服务器。
Actually, with the explosion of the web, and in particular "web services", all modern App Servers can also function as Web Servers. For example, the current version of Tomcat includes built-in Web Server functionality so you no longer must run a separate Apache HTTP server. In the past, running separate dedicated Web Servers such as Apache was preferable since the App Server was optimized for App Server rather than for Web Server, processing; but the performance of App Servers as Web Servers has improved such that any remaining performance difference is irrelevant - and certainly does not justify the expense of running separate servers.
Today, the major difference is that an App Server is designed to support programming languages such as Java or, on the .net platform, C# - as well as to provide an underlying infrastructure that includes automatic fault-tolerance, session mgmt, transaction mgmt, multi-threading - and everything else required to build scalable enterprise applications. Current Web Servers are designed to support languages such as Ruby, PHP, Python and Perl - and lack the built-in infrastructure of an App Server.
However, the distinction between App Servers and Web Servers is blurring and will continue to do so as "Web Services" becomes ever-more popular and languages such as Ruby mature and therefore require Web Servers to provide much of the same underlying infrastructure as today's App Servers. In the end, the primary difference will be (not yet): if you want to develop the back-end (cloud) layer of your application employing Java or C#, employ an App Server; if you want to develop your application employing Ruby, PHP or Perl, employ a Web Server.
阅读 应用程序服务器、Web 服务器：有什么区别？
Read App server, Web server: What's the difference?