rake cucumber 和 rake spec 始终使用“develop”环境

Question

我用于运行 Cucumber 和 RSpec 测试的 rake 任务始终使用我的开发环境。

以下是相关的配置文件：

RAILS_ROOT/config/environments/cucumber.rb

# Edit at your own peril - it's recommended to regenerate this file
# in the future when you upgrade to a newer version of Cucumber.

# IMPORTANT: Setting config.cache_classes to false is known to
# break Cucumber's use_transactional_fixtures method.
# For more information see https://rspec.lighthouseapp.com/projects/16211/tickets/165
config.cache_classes = true

# Log error messages when you accidentally call methods on nil.
config.whiny_nils = true

# Show full error reports and disable caching
config.action_controller.consider_all_requests_local = true
config.action_controller.perform_caching             = false

# Disable request forgery protection in test environment
config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection    = false

# Tell Action Mailer not to deliver emails to the real world.
# The :test delivery method accumulates sent emails in the
# ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array.
config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test

# config.gem 'cucumber-rails',   :lib => false, :version => '>=0.3.2' unless File.directory?(File.join(Rails.root, 'vendor/plugins/cucumber-rails'))
# config.gem 'database_cleaner', :lib => false, :version => '>=0.5.0' unless File.directory?(File.join(Rails.root, 'vendor/plugins/database_cleaner'))
# config.gem 'capybara',         :lib => false, :version => '>=0.3.5' unless File.directory?(File.join(Rails.root, 'vendor/plugins/capybara'))
# config.gem 'rspec',            :lib => false, :version => '>=1.3.0' unless File.directory?(File.join(Rails.root, 'vendor/plugins/rspec'))
# config.gem 'rspec-rails',      :lib => false, :version => '>=1.3.2' unless File.directory?(File.join(Rails.root, 'vendor/plugins/rspec-rails'))

RAILS_ROOT/config/environments/test.rb

# Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/environment.rb

# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
# test suite.  You never need to work with it otherwise.  Remember that
# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
# and recreated between test runs.  Don't rely on the data there!
config.cache_classes = true

# Log error messages when you accidentally call methods on nil.
config.whiny_nils = true

# Show full error reports and disable caching
config.action_controller.consider_all_requests_local = true
config.action_controller.perform_caching             = false

# Configure memcached
FA_MEMCACHED_SERVER = '127.0.0.1'
FA_MEMCACHED_PORT = '11211'
config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store, [FA_MEMCACHED_SERVER, FA_MEMCACHED_PORT].join(':'), { :namespace => Rails.env.to_s }

# Disable request forgery protection in test environment
config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection    = false

# Tell ActionMailer not to deliver emails to the real world.
# The :test delivery method accumulates sent emails in the
# ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array.
config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test
config.log_level = :debug

RAILS_ROOT/features/support/env。 rb

# IMPORTANT: This file is generated by cucumber-rails - edit at your own peril.
# It is recommended to regenerate this file in the future when you upgrade to a 
# newer version of cucumber-rails. Consider adding your own code to a new file 
# instead of editing this one. Cucumber will automatically load all features/**/*.rb
# files.

ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= "cucumber"
require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../../config/environment')

require 'cucumber/formatter/unicode' # Remove this line if you don't want Cucumber Unicode support
require 'cucumber/rails/rspec'
require 'cucumber/rails/world'
require 'cucumber/rails/active_record'
require 'cucumber/web/tableish'

# allows checking outgoing email existant and content
require 'email_spec'
require 'email_spec/cucumber'

require 'capybara/rails'
require 'capybara/cucumber'
require 'capybara/session'
require 'cucumber/rails/capybara_javascript_emulation' # Lets you click links with onclick javascript handlers without using @culerity or @javascript
# Capybara defaults to XPath selectors rather than Webrat's default of CSS3. In
# order to ease the transition to Capybara we set the default here. If you'd
# prefer to use XPath just remove this line and adjust any selectors in your
# steps to use the XPath syntax.
Capybara.default_selector = :css

# If you set this to false, any error raised from within your app will bubble 
# up to your step definition and out to cucumber unless you catch it somewhere
# on the way. You can make Rails rescue errors and render error pages on a
# per-scenario basis by tagging a scenario or feature with the @allow-rescue tag.
#
# If you set this to true, Rails will rescue all errors and render error
# pages, more or less in the same way your application would behave in the
# default production environment. It's not recommended to do this for all
# of your scenarios, as this makes it hard to discover errors in your application.
ActionController::Base.allow_rescue = false

# If you set this to true, each scenario will run in a database transaction.
# You can still turn off transactions on a per-scenario basis, simply tagging 
# a feature or scenario with the @no-txn tag. If you are using Capybara,
# tagging with @culerity or @javascript will also turn transactions off.
#
# If you set this to false, transactions will be off for all scenarios,
# regardless of whether you use @no-txn or not.
#
# Beware that turning transactions off will leave data in your database 
# after each scenario, which can lead to hard-to-debug failures in 
# subsequent scenarios. If you do this, we recommend you create a Before
# block that will explicitly put your database in a known state.
Cucumber::Rails::World.use_transactional_fixtures = true

# How to clean your database when transactions are turned off. See
# http://github.com/bmabey/database_cleaner for more info.
if defined?(ActiveRecord::Base)
  begin
    require 'database_cleaner'
    require 'database_cleaner/cucumber'
    DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :truncation, {:except => %w[roles]}
  rescue LoadError => ignore_if_database_cleaner_not_present
  end
end

RAILS_ROOT/spec/spec_helper.rb

# This file is copied to ~/spec when you run 'ruby script/generate rspec'
# from the project root directory.
ENV["RAILS_ENV"] = 'test'
require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),'..','config','environment'))
require 'spec/autorun'
require 'spec/rails'

# Uncomment the next line to use webrat's matchers
#require 'webrat/integrations/rspec-rails'

# Requires supporting files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
# in ./support/ and its subdirectories.
Dir[File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),'support','**','*.rb'))].each {|f| require f}

Spec::Runner.configure do |config|
  # If you're not using ActiveRecord you should remove these
  # lines, delete config/database.yml and disable :active_record
  # in your config/boot.rb
  config.use_transactional_fixtures = true
  config.use_instantiated_fixtures  = false
  config.fixture_path = RAILS_ROOT + '/spec/fixtures/'

  # == Fixtures
  #
  # You can declare fixtures for each example_group like this:
  #   describe "...." do
  #     fixtures :table_a, :table_b
  #
  # Alternatively, if you prefer to declare them only once, you can
  # do so right here. Just uncomment the next line and replace the fixture
  # names with your fixtures.
  #
  # config.global_fixtures = :table_a, :table_b
  #
  # If you declare global fixtures, be aware that they will be declared
  # for all of your examples, even those that don't use them.
  #
  # You can also declare which fixtures to use (for example fixtures for test/fixtures):
  #
  # config.fixture_path = RAILS_ROOT + '/spec/fixtures/'
  #
  # == Mock Framework
  #
  # RSpec uses its own mocking framework by default. If you prefer to
  # use mocha, flexmock or RR, uncomment the appropriate line:
  #
  # config.mock_with :mocha
  # config.mock_with :flexmock
  # config.mock_with :rr
  #
  # == Notes
  #
  # For more information take a look at Spec::Runner::Configuration and Spec::Runner
end

RAILS_ROOT/Gemfile

group :test, :cucumber do
  gem "cucumber-rails", "0.3.2"
  gem "rspec-rails", "1.3.3"
  gem "database_cleaner", "0.5.0"
  gem "capybara", "0.3.9"
  gem "selenium-client", "1.2.18"
  gem "sqlite3-ruby",  "1.3.1"
  gem "email_spec", "~> 0.6.3", :require => 'spec'
  gem "factory_girl"
  gem "launchy"
end

group :development do
  gem "factory_girl"
  gem "ruby-prof"
end

Answer 1

在 RAILS_ROOT/Gemfile 上

执行以下操作：
向该组添加特定的仅测试 gem：

group :test do
  gem 'cucumber-rails'
  gem 'capybara'
  gem 'database_cleaner'
end

而不是将它们设置为用于开发和其他任何地方。
这应该有效。

PS：编辑上面的代码来设置您将用于测试的宝石，我只是复制/粘贴了我在当前打开的项目中使用的宝石作为示例。

Answer 2

当您升级到 Rails 3 时，您是否可能在 RAILS_ENV 上进行全局查找和替换？

test_helper.rb 的第一行是否与此不同？

ENV["RAILS_ENV"] = "test"

在实际的环境变量中，它仍然应该是 RAILS_ENV，而不是 ::Rails.env，所以请确保你没有 ENV["Rails.env"] = "test"那行代码。

确保它看起来像以前一样。我个人不会因为犯过这个错误而知道......:-)

Answer 3

不仅配置文件与设置 Rails 环境相关。

检查您的 lib/tasks/cucumber.rake 文件，如果它不包含该文件，请根据您的 Rails 版本添加以下行之一（我在“开始”行之后添加了它）：

ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'cucumber' #for rails2

Rails.env ||= ActiveSupport::StringInquirer.new('cucumber') #for rails3

请注意，例如，如果您直接在 application.rb 中将环境设置为开发，那么您的测试将在开发中运行。

还有另一种方法可以将环境设置为黄瓜。例如，如果您使用 Passenger 和 Apache 运行 Rails，则可以通过在虚拟主机配置中添加 "RailsEnv cucumber" 行来在 Cucumber 环境中运行 Cucumber 测试。