在 PHP 中包含文件的最佳方式?

发布于 2024-10-26 14:36:00 字数 560 浏览 3 评论 0原文

我目前正在开发一个 PHP Web 应用程序,我想知道以代码仍然可维护的方式包含文件 (include_once) 的最佳方式是什么。通过可维护,我的意思是,如果我想移动文件,很容易重构我的应用程序以使其正常工作。

我有很多文件,因为我尝试拥有良好的 OOP 实践(一个类 = 一个文件)。

这是我的应用程序的典型类结构:

namespace Controls
{
use Drawing\Color;

include_once '/../Control.php';

class GridView extends Control
{
    public $evenRowColor;

    public $oddRowColor;

    public function __construct()
    {
    }

    public function draw()
    {
    }

    protected function generateStyle()
    {
    }

    private function drawColumns()
    {
    }
}
}

I'm currently developping a PHP web application and I would like to know what is the best manner to include files (include_once) in a way where the code it is still maintanable. By maintanable I mean that if I want to move a file, It'd be easy to refactor my application to make it work properly.

I have a lot of files since I try to have good OOP practices (one class = one file).

Here's a typical class structure for my application:

namespace Controls
{
use Drawing\Color;

include_once '/../Control.php';

class GridView extends Control
{
    public $evenRowColor;

    public $oddRowColor;

    public function __construct()
    {
    }

    public function draw()
    {
    }

    protected function generateStyle()
    {
    }

    private function drawColumns()
    {
    }
}
}

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评论(2

各自安好 2024-11-02 14:36:00

我曾经用以下内容开始我的所有 php 文件:

include_once('init.php');

然后在该文件中,我将 require_once 所有其他需要的文件,例如,functions.php 或 globals.php,我将在其中声明所有全局变量或常量。这样您只需在一处编辑所有设置。

I used to start all my php file with:

include_once('init.php');

Then in that file I would require_once all the other files that needed to be required, like functions.php for example, or globals.php where I would declare all global variables, or constants. That way you only have to edit all your setting at one place.

我很坚强 2024-11-02 14:36:00

这取决于您想要完成的具体任务。

如果您想在文件和它们所在的目录之间有一个可配置的映射,您需要制定一个路径抽象并实现一些加载器函数来使用它。我就举个例子吧。

假设我们将使用像 Core.Controls.Control 这样的符号来引用(物理)文件 Control.php ,该文件将在(逻辑)目录中找到 核心.控件。我们需要执行两部分的实现:

  1. 指示我们的加载器将 Core.Controls 映射到物理目录 /controls
  2. 在该目录中搜索 Control.php

所以这是一个开始:

class Loader {
    private static $dirMap = array();

    public static function Register($virtual, $physical) {
        self::$dirMap[$virtual] = $physical;
    }

    public static function Include($file) {
        $pos = strrpos($file, '.');
        if ($pos === false) {
            die('Error: expected at least one dot.');
        }

        $path = substr($file, 0, $pos);
        $file = substr($file, $pos + 1);

        if (!isset(self::$dirMap[$path])) {
            die('Unknown virtual directory: '.$path);
        }

        include (self::$dirMap[$path].'/'.$file.'.php');
    }
}

您将像这样使用加载器:

// This will probably be done on application startup.
// We need to use an absolute path here, but this is not hard to get with
// e.g. dirname(_FILE_) from your setup script or some such.
// Hardcoded for the example.
Loader::Register('Core.Controls', '/controls');

// And then at some other point:
Loader::Include('Core.Controls.Control');

当然,这个示例是做一些有用的事情的最低限度,但您可以看到它允许您做什么。

如果我犯了任何小错误,我很抱歉,我是边写边写的。 :)

It depends on what you are trying to accomplish exactly.

If you want to have a configurable mapping between files and the directories in which they reside you need to work out a path abstraction and implement some loader functions to work with that. I 'll do an example.

Let's say we will use a notation like Core.Controls.Control to refer to the (physical) file Control.php which will be found in the (logical) directory Core.Controls. We 'll need to do a two-part implementation:

  1. Instruct our loader that Core.Controls is mapped to the physical directory /controls.
  2. Search for Control.php in that directory.

So here's a start:

class Loader {
    private static $dirMap = array();

    public static function Register($virtual, $physical) {
        self::$dirMap[$virtual] = $physical;
    }

    public static function Include($file) {
        $pos = strrpos($file, '.');
        if ($pos === false) {
            die('Error: expected at least one dot.');
        }

        $path = substr($file, 0, $pos);
        $file = substr($file, $pos + 1);

        if (!isset(self::$dirMap[$path])) {
            die('Unknown virtual directory: '.$path);
        }

        include (self::$dirMap[$path].'/'.$file.'.php');
    }
}

You would use the loader like this:

// This will probably be done on application startup.
// We need to use an absolute path here, but this is not hard to get with
// e.g. dirname(_FILE_) from your setup script or some such.
// Hardcoded for the example.
Loader::Register('Core.Controls', '/controls');

// And then at some other point:
Loader::Include('Core.Controls.Control');

Of course this example is the bare minimum that does something useful, but you can see what it allows you to do.

Apologies if I have made any small mistakes, I 'm typing this as I go. :)

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