通用数组复制的问题
目标
我正在创建一个 Java 类,它将增强数组的可用性,例如 add
、remove
和 contains
方法。我认为最好的解决方案是创建一个具有类型参数 T
的类(称为 ArrayPP
)。这样,用户就可以像与相同类型的数组进行交互一样轻松地与 ArrayPP 对象进行交互。
问题
我很快发现像 add
这样的方法将需要创建一个单独的数组,并最终将目标数组 t
从 T
数组更改为将 code> 转换为 Object
数组。正如您可能猜到的那样,这完全破坏了可用性,当我尝试执行类似
File[] f = new File[0];
ArrayPP<File> appF = new ArrayPP(f);
appF.add(saveFile);
f = appF.toArray();
程序抛出的操作
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: [Ljava.lang.Object; cannot be cast to [Ljava.io.File;
时,因为 add
方法必须将数组更改为 Object
数组s,因为 Java 编译器不允许您创建通用数组 (T[] t = new T[0];
很糟糕,但是 T[] t = (T[] ) new Object[0];
没问题)。我从逐行调试中知道,上面的代码将数组 t
保留在本例中,作为 File
的数组,直到 的第 4 行>add
方法被调用。 有没有人有一个解决方案可以使数组t
保持为T
数组而不是Object
数组?< /strong>
示例代码
下面是我的课程的一个非常淡化的版本。
public class ArrayPP<T>
{
T[] t;
/**
* Creates a new Array++ to manage the given array.
* <h3>Analogy:</h3>
* <tt>ArrayPP<String> s = new ArrayPP(args);</tt><br/>
* is analogous to<br/>
* <tt>String s[] = args;</tt>
* @param array The array to be managed
*/
public ArrayPP(T[] array)
{
t = array;
}
/**
* Appends a value to the end of the array
* @param val the value to be appended
* @return the resulting array.
*/
public ArrayPP add(T val)
{
T[] temp = (T[]) new Object[t.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(t, 0, temp, 0, t.length);
temp[temp.length - 1] = val;
t = (T[])temp;
return this;
}
/**
* Returns the array at the core of this wrapper
* @return the array at the core of this wrapper
*/
public T[] toArray()
{
return t;
}
}
可能的解决方案?
在查看了有关泛型数组的其他问题后,我想我有一个解决方案:
而不是
/**
* Appends a value to the end of the array
* @param val the value to be appended
* @return the resulting array.
*/
public ArrayPP add(T val)
{
T[] temp = (T[]) new Object[t.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(t, 0, temp, 0, t.length);
temp[temp.length - 1] = val;
t = (T[])temp;
return this;
}
这会起作用吗?
/**
* Appends a value to the end of the array
* @param val the value to be appended
* @return the resulting array.
*/
public ArrayPP<T> add(T val)
{
t = java.util.Arrays.copyOf(t, t.length + 1);
t[t.length - 1] = val;
return this;
}
Goal
I am making a Java class that will give enhanced usability to arrays, such as add
, remove
, and contains
methods. I figured the best solution is to make a class (called ArrayPP
) that has a type parameter T
. This way, the user can interact with the ArrayPP
object as easily as they can with an array of the same type.
Problem
I quickly found that such methods as add
will require the creation of a separate array, and end up changing the target array t
from an array of T
s into an array of Object
s. As you may guess, this totally destroys the usability, and when I try to do something like
File[] f = new File[0];
ArrayPP<File> appF = new ArrayPP(f);
appF.add(saveFile);
f = appF.toArray();
the program throws
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: [Ljava.lang.Object; cannot be cast to [Ljava.io.File;
because the add
method has to change the array into an array of Object
s, as the Java compiler won't let you make a generic array (T[] t = new T[0];
is bad, but T[] t = (T[]) new Object[0];
is okay). I know from line-by-line debugging that the above code keeps the array t
, in this case, as a n array of File
s UNTIL the 4th line of the add
method is called. Does anyone have a solution that will keep the array t
being an array of T
s and not an array of Object
s?
Sample Code
Below is a VERY watered-down version of my class.
public class ArrayPP<T>
{
T[] t;
/**
* Creates a new Array++ to manage the given array.
* <h3>Analogy:</h3>
* <tt>ArrayPP<String> s = new ArrayPP(args);</tt><br/>
* is analogous to<br/>
* <tt>String s[] = args;</tt>
* @param array The array to be managed
*/
public ArrayPP(T[] array)
{
t = array;
}
/**
* Appends a value to the end of the array
* @param val the value to be appended
* @return the resulting array.
*/
public ArrayPP add(T val)
{
T[] temp = (T[]) new Object[t.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(t, 0, temp, 0, t.length);
temp[temp.length - 1] = val;
t = (T[])temp;
return this;
}
/**
* Returns the array at the core of this wrapper
* @return the array at the core of this wrapper
*/
public T[] toArray()
{
return t;
}
}
Possible Solution?
After looking at other questions about generic arrays, I think I have a solution:
Instead of
/**
* Appends a value to the end of the array
* @param val the value to be appended
* @return the resulting array.
*/
public ArrayPP add(T val)
{
T[] temp = (T[]) new Object[t.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(t, 0, temp, 0, t.length);
temp[temp.length - 1] = val;
t = (T[])temp;
return this;
}
will this work?
/**
* Appends a value to the end of the array
* @param val the value to be appended
* @return the resulting array.
*/
public ArrayPP<T> add(T val)
{
t = java.util.Arrays.copyOf(t, t.length + 1);
t[t.length - 1] = val;
return this;
}
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评论(3)
原则上,您无法轻松创建泛型类型(或类型变量)的数组。
如果您有一个类对象,则可以使用反射,或者如果您有一个示例数组,则可以使用 java.util.Arrays 类中的方法来创建(更长/更短)副本。但无论如何它都不优雅。
ArrayList 类在内部简单地使用
Object[]
来存储其元素,并且仅在 get/set/add/toArray 上进行转换。你的类在哪些方面比 ArrayList 做得更好?
编辑:
我建议要么简单地委托给 ArraysList,要么像 ArrayList 那样进行实现,在内部使用
Object[]
,并在必要时在输出上进行转换。如果你真的想在内部拥有一个正确类型的数组,这是可能的 - 但正如我所说,它会变得很难看。
add
方法仍然是最简单的情况:当您想在中间添加或删除时,您必须将其与 arraycopy 结合起来。
In principle you can't easily create arrays of a generic type (or type variable).
If you have a class object, you can use reflection, or if you have an example array, the methods in the
java.util.Arrays
class to create a (longer/shorter) copy. But it is not elegant either way.The ArrayList class internally simply uses an
Object[]
to store its elements, and converts only on get/set/add/toArray.What would your class do better than ArrayList?
Edit:
I would recommend either simply delegate to an ArraysList, or do the implementation like ArrayList does, using an
Object[]
internally, and converting on output where necessary.If you really want to have an array of the right type internally, it is possible - but it gets ugly, as I said.
The
add
method is still the easiest case:When you want to add in the middle or remove, you'll have to combine this with your arraycopy.
是否有某种原因导致内置
List
类无法满足您的需求?如:Is there some reason the built-it
List<T>
class(es) can't do what you need? As in: