android webview 地理定位

Question

我必须在 WebView 中检索用户的位置。我使用以下 Javascript 执行此操作：

function getLocation() {
   navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(displayLocation, handleError);
}

但权限请求弹出窗口永远不会打开。

我已设置以下设置：

ws.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
ws.setGeolocationEnabled(true);
ws.setJavaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically(true);

从 WebView 内访问用户位置的正确方法是什么？

Answer 1

• 必须在 WebView 中启用 JavaScript，使用 WebSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
• 应用需要权限 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION

• WebView 必须使用实现 WebChromeClient.onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt() 的自定义 WebChromeClient。这个方法
  由 WebView 调用以获得向 JavaScript 公开用户位置的权限。 （在浏览器的情况下，我们向用户显示提示。）默认实现不执行任何操作，因此永远不会获得权限，并且位置永远不会传递给 JavaScript。始终授予权限的简单实现是...

  webView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
   公共无效onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt（字符串起源，GeolocationPermissions.Callback回调）{
      回调.invoke(origin, true, false);
   }
  });
  

地理定位使用数据库在会话之间保留缓存的位置和权限。数据库的位置是使用 WebSettings.setGeolocationDatabasePath(...) 设置的。如果未设置数据库的位置，持久存储将不可用，但地理定位将继续正常运行。要设置数据库的位置，请使用...

webView.getSettings().setGeolocationDatabasePath( context.getFilesDir().getPath() );

Answer 2

接受或拒绝用户位置的对话框是由程序员设计的：D。正如 Chris Cashwell 所说，你只需使用这样的回调即可：

webview.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){
  public void onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(String origin, GeolocationPermissions.Callback callback) {
    // callback.invoke(String origin, boolean allow, boolean remember);
    callback.invoke(origin, true, false);
  }
});

在某些情况下，HTML5 需要使用存储，因此你必须启用一些属性，以便 webview 具有完全访问权限才能正常运行。

    // HTML5 API flags
    webView.getSettings().setAppCacheEnabled(true);
    webView.getSettings().setDatabaseEnabled(true);
    webView.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(true);

Answer 3

分享我的工作活动类，这是一个完整的解决方案，可以演示

• 在网页加载时显示加载对话框
• 在棉花糖及以上请求权限
• 处理网页错误
• 检查互联网连接并打开设置页面
• 处理带或不带对话框的地理位置权限

希望，它节省了某人的时间

    /**
     * Created by Hitesh.Sahu on 3/24/2017.
     */
    
    public class WebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        final private int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS = 124;
        private int webViewPreviousState;
        private final int PAGE_STARTED = 0x1;
        private final int PAGE_REDIRECTED = 0x2;
        private CoordinatorLayout rootView;
        private WebView webView;
    
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_webview);
            webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);
            rootView = (CoordinatorLayout) findViewById(R.id.root_view);
    
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
                // Marshmallow+ Permission APIs
                askRuntimePermission();
            }
    
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                if (0 != (getApplicationInfo().flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_DEBUGGABLE)) {
                    WebView.setWebContentsDebuggingEnabled(true);
                }
            }
            webView.setInitialScale(1);
            webView.getSettings().setLoadWithOverviewMode(true);
            webView.getSettings().setUseWideViewPort(true);
            webView.setScrollBarStyle(WebView.SCROLLBARS_OUTSIDE_OVERLAY);
            webView.setScrollbarFadingEnabled(false);
    
            webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically(true);
            webView.getSettings().setBuiltInZoomControls(true);
            webView.setWebViewClient(new GeoWebViewClient());
            // Below required for geolocation
            webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
            webView.getSettings().setGeolocationEnabled(true);
            webView.setWebChromeClient(new GeoWebChromeClient());
    
            webView.getSettings().setAppCacheEnabled(true);
            webView.getSettings().setDatabaseEnabled(true);
            webView.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(true);
    
            webView.getSettings().setGeolocationDatabasePath(getFilesDir().getPath());
    
            webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/index.html");
        }
    
        /**
         * WebChromeClient subclass handles UI-related calls
         * Note: think chrome as in decoration, not the Chrome browser
         */
        public class GeoWebChromeClient extends android.webkit.WebChromeClient {
            @Override
            public void onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(final String origin,
                                                           final GeolocationPermissions.Callback callback) {
                // Always grant permission since the app itself requires location
                // permission and the user has therefore already granted it
                callback.invoke(origin, true, false);
    
    //            final boolean remember = false;
    //            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(WebViewActivity.this);
    //            builder.setTitle("Locations");
    //            builder.setMessage("Would like to use your Current Location ")
    //                    .setCancelable(true).setPositiveButton("Allow", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
    //                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
    //                    // origin, allow, remember
    //                    callback.invoke(origin, true, remember);
    //                }
    //            }).setNegativeButton("Don't Allow", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
    //                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
    //                    // origin, allow, remember
    //                    callback.invoke(origin, false, remember);
    //                }
    //            });
    //            AlertDialog alert = builder.create();
    //            alert.show();
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * WebViewClient subclass loads all hyperlinks in the existing WebView
         */
        public class GeoWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
            @Override
            public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
                // When user clicks a hyperlink, load in the existing WebView
                view.loadUrl(url);
                return true;
            }
    
            Dialog loadingDialog = new Dialog(WebViewActivity.this);
    
            @Override
            public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) {
                super.onPageStarted(view, url, favicon);
                webViewPreviousState = PAGE_STARTED;
    
                if (loadingDialog == null || !loadingDialog.isShowing())
                    loadingDialog = ProgressDialog.show(WebViewActivity.this, "",
                            "Loading Please Wait", true, true,
                            new DialogInterface.OnCancelListener() {
    
                                @Override
                                public void onCancel(DialogInterface dialog) {
                                    // do something
                                }
                            });
    
                loadingDialog.setCancelable(false);
            }
    
    
            @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
            @Override
            public void onReceivedError(WebView view, WebResourceRequest request,
                                        WebResourceError error) {
    
    
                if (isConnected()) {
                    final Snackbar snackBar = Snackbar.make(rootView, "onReceivedError : " + error.getDescription(), Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE);
                    snackBar.setAction("Reload", new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View view) {
                            webView.loadUrl("javascript:window.location.reload( true )");
                        }
                    });
                    snackBar.show();
                } else {
                    final Snackbar snackBar = Snackbar.make(rootView, "No Internet Connection ", Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE);
                    snackBar.setAction("Enable Data", new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View view) {
                            startActivityForResult(new Intent(Settings.ACTION_WIRELESS_SETTINGS), 0);
                            webView.loadUrl("javascript:window.location.reload( true )");
                            snackBar.dismiss();
                        }
                    });
                    snackBar.show();
                }
    
                super.onReceivedError(view, request, error);
    
            }
    
            @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
            @Override
            public void onReceivedHttpError(WebView view,
                                            WebResourceRequest request, WebResourceResponse errorResponse) {
    
                if (isConnected()) {
                    final Snackbar snackBar = Snackbar.make(rootView, "HttpError : " + errorResponse.getReasonPhrase(), Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE);
    
                    snackBar.setAction("Reload", new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View view) {
                            webView.loadUrl("javascript:window.location.reload( true )");
                        }
                    });
                    snackBar.show();
                } else {
                    final Snackbar snackBar = Snackbar.make(rootView, "No Internet Connection ", Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE);
                    snackBar.setAction("Enable Data", new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View view) {
                            startActivityForResult(new Intent(Settings.ACTION_WIRELESS_SETTINGS), 0);
                            webView.loadUrl("javascript:window.location.reload( true )");
                            snackBar.dismiss();
                        }
                    });
                    snackBar.show();
                }
                super.onReceivedHttpError(view, request, errorResponse);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {
    
                if (webViewPreviousState == PAGE_STARTED) {
    
                    if (null != loadingDialog) {
                        loadingDialog.dismiss();
                        loadingDialog = null;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
    
        /**
         * Check if there is any connectivity
         *
         * @return is Device Connected
         */
        public boolean isConnected() {
    
            ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager)
                    this.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
    
            if (null != cm) {
                NetworkInfo info = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
                return (info != null && info.isConnected());
            }
    
            return false;
    
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
            switch (requestCode) {
                case REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS: {
                    Map<String, Integer> perms = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
                    // Initial
                    perms.put(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
    
    
                    // Fill with results
                    for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++)
                        perms.put(permissions[i], grantResults[i]);
    
                    // Check for ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
                    if (perms.get(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
    
    
                            ) {
                        // All Permissions Granted
    
                        // Permission Denied
                        Toast.makeText(WebViewActivity.this, "All Permission GRANTED !! Thank You :)", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                .show();
    
                    } else {
                        // Permission Denied
                        Toast.makeText(WebViewActivity.this, "One or More Permissions are DENIED Exiting App :(", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                .show();
    
                        finish();
                    }
                }
                break;
                default:
                    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
            }
        }
    
        @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
        private void askRuntimePermission() {
            List<String> permissionsNeeded = new ArrayList<String>();
    
            final List<String> permissionsList = new ArrayList<String>();
            if (!addPermission(permissionsList, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION))
                permissionsNeeded.add("Show Location");
    
            if (permissionsList.size() > 0) {
                if (permissionsNeeded.size() > 0) {
    
                    // Need Rationale
                    String message = "App need access to " + permissionsNeeded.get(0);
    
                    for (int i = 1; i < permissionsNeeded.size(); i++)
                        message = message + ", " + permissionsNeeded.get(i);
    
                    showMessageOKCancel(message,
                            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
    
                                @Override
                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                    requestPermissions(permissionsList.toArray(new String[permissionsList.size()]),
                                            REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
                                }
                            });
                    return;
                }
                requestPermissions(permissionsList.toArray(new String[permissionsList.size()]),
                        REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
                return;
            }
    
            Toast.makeText(WebViewActivity.this, "No new Permission Required- Launching App .You are Awesome!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                    .show();
        }
    
    
        private void showMessageOKCancel(String message, DialogInterface.OnClickListener okListener) {
            new AlertDialog.Builder(WebViewActivity.this)
                    .setMessage(message)
                    .setPositiveButton("OK", okListener)
                    .setNegativeButton("Cancel", null)
                    .create()
                    .show();
        }
    
        @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
        private boolean addPermission(List<String> permissionsList, String permission) {
    
            if (checkSelfPermission(permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                permissionsList.add(permission);
                // Check for Rationale Option
                if (!shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permission))
                    return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
    }

Answer 4

您是否在清单中声明了该许可？

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

您可能还需要声明其他位置权限，例如：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_GPS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_ASSISTED_GPS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

Answer 5

我最近遇到了这种情况，并采取了以下步骤来实现这一目标：

第 1 步：
在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/> 

第 2 步：创建一个包含 WebView 和 ProgressBar 的活动（在我的例子中）

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/progressBar"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="0dp"
        android:minHeight="4dp"
        android:padding="0dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
    <WebView
        android:id="@+id/webView"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/progressBar" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

步骤 3：在您的活动类中，添加以下代码并根据您的需要进行更改

class WebActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    var pageUrl: String = "https://couponia.co/"
    var mGeoLocationRequestOrigin: String? = null
    var mGeoLocationCallback: GeolocationPermissions.Callback? = null
    val MAX_PROGRESS = 100
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_web)
        initWebView()
        setWebClient()
        loadUrl(pageUrl)
    }


    @SuppressLint("SetJavaScriptEnabled")
    private fun initWebView() {
        webView.settings.javaScriptEnabled = true
        webView.settings.loadWithOverviewMode = true
        webView.settings.useWideViewPort = true
        webView.settings.domStorageEnabled = true
        webView.settings.databaseEnabled = true
        webView.settings.setAppCacheEnabled(true)
        webView.webViewClient = object : WebViewClient() {
            override
            fun onReceivedSslError(view: WebView?, handler: SslErrorHandler?, error: SslError?) {
                handler?.proceed()
            }
        }

    }

    private fun setWebClient() {

        webView.webChromeClient = object : WebChromeClient() {
            override fun onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(
                origin: String?,
                callback: GeolocationPermissions.Callback?
            ) {

                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
                        this@WebActivity,
                        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
                    )
                    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                ) {

                    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(
                            this@WebActivity,
                            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
                        )
                    ) {
                        AlertDialog.Builder(this@WebActivity)
                            .setMessage("Please turn ON the GPS to make app work smoothly")
                            .setNeutralButton(
                                android.R.string.ok,
                                DialogInterface.OnClickListener { dialogInterface, i ->
                                    mGeoLocationCallback = callback
                                    mGeoLocationRequestOrigin = origin
                                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
                                        this@WebActivity,
                                        arrayOf(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION), 1001
                                    )

                                })
                            .show()

                    } else {
                        //no explanation need we can request the locatio
                        mGeoLocationCallback = callback
                        mGeoLocationRequestOrigin = origin
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
                            this@WebActivity,
                            arrayOf(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION), 1001
                        )
                    }
                } else {
                    //tell the webview that permission has granted
                    callback!!.invoke(origin, true, true)
                }

            }

            override fun onProgressChanged(view: WebView?, newProgress: Int) {
                super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress)
                progressBar.progress = newProgress
                if (newProgress < MAX_PROGRESS && progressBar.visibility == ProgressBar.GONE) {
                    progressBar.visibility = ProgressBar.VISIBLE
                }
                if (newProgress == MAX_PROGRESS) {
                    progressBar.visibility = ProgressBar.GONE
                }
            }


        }
    }

    override fun onKeyDown(keyCode: Int, event: KeyEvent?): Boolean {
        // Check if the key event was the Back button and if there's history
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK && webView.canGoBack()) {
            webView.goBack()
            return true
        }
        // If it wasn't the Back key or there's no web page history, exit the activity)
        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event)
    }

    private fun loadUrl(pageUrl: String) {
        webView.loadUrl(pageUrl)
    }


    override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(
        requestCode: Int,
        permissions: Array<out String>,
        grantResults: IntArray
    ) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)

        when (requestCode) {
            1001 -> {
                //if permission is cancel result array would be empty
                if (grantResults.size > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    //permission was granted
                    if (mGeoLocationCallback != null) {
                        mGeoLocationCallback!!.invoke(mGeoLocationRequestOrigin, true, true)
                    }
                } else {
                    //permission denied
                    if (mGeoLocationCallback != null) {
                        mGeoLocationCallback!!.invoke(mGeoLocationRequestOrigin, false, false)
                    }
                }
            }

        }
    }
}

Answer 6

这是显示警报对话框以提升用户使用其位置的权限的示例：

    final Context context = this;

     @Override
     public void onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(final String origin, final GeolocationPermissions.Callback callback) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt()");

        final boolean remember = false;
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
        builder.setTitle("Locations");
        builder.setMessage("Would like to use your Current Location ")
        .setCancelable(true).setPositiveButton("Allow", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
           public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
              // origin, allow, remember
              callback.invoke(origin, true, remember);
           }
        }).setNegativeButton("Don't Allow", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
           public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
              // origin, allow, remember
              callback.invoke(origin, false, remember);
           }
        });
        AlertDialog alert = builder.create();
        alert.show();
     }

Answer 7

当从 Webview 请求位置时，您需要动态请求权限

确保您已将 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION 添加到清单

   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

在顶级类中定义您的回调和来源，以便能够将它们分配给 ChromeClient 提供的回调和来源

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private android.webkit.WebView myWebView;
    String mGeoLocationRequestOrigin = null;
    GeolocationPermissions.Callback  mGeoLocationCallback = null;

...................................................

处理地理位置请求和为回调分配值，以便在授予权限后能够使用它们

      myWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){
            @Override
            public void onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(final String origin,
                                                           final GeolocationPermissions.Callback callback) {

                int permissionCheckFineLocation = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
                if (permissionCheckFineLocation!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    mGeoLocationCallback=callback;
                    mGeoLocationRequestOrigin=origin;
                    //requesting permission
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, 123);
                }

                else {// permission and the user has therefore already granted it
                    callback.invoke(origin, true, false);
                }

            }
        });

，一旦收到权限，就可以使用 origin 调用回调

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(grantResults[0]== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            //you have the permission now.
            if(requestCode==123) {
                mGeoLocationCallback.invoke(mGeoLocationRequestOrigin, true, false);
            }
        }

Answer 8

作为更新的 Android 的新答案发布，所有内容都在一篇文章中，因为您不再需要使用 setWebChromeClient。

对于 Android 6+，您只需在运行时使用 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, 123); 请求 GPS 权限。