如何向 PreferenceScreen 添加按钮?

发布于 2024-10-21 23:58:30 字数 2405 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我对 Android 开发很陌生,刚刚遇到了首选项。 我找到了 PreferenceScreen 并想用它创建一个登录功能。我遇到的唯一问题是我不知道如何向 PreferenceScreen 添加“登录”按钮。

这是我的 PreferenceScreen 的样子:

<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
...
    <PreferenceScreen android:title="@string/login" android:key="Login">
        <EditTextPreference android:persistent="true" android:title="@string/username" android:key="Username"></EditTextPreference>
        <EditTextPreference android:title="@string/password" android:persistent="true" android:password="true" android:key="Password"></EditTextPreference>
    </PreferenceScreen>
...
</PreferenceScreen>

按钮应该位于两个 EditTextPreference 的正下方。

对于这个问题有一个简单的解决方案吗?我发现的一个解决方案不起作用,因为我使用了子 PreferenceScreen

更新:

我发现我可以通过这种方式添加按钮:

<PreferenceScreen android:title="@string/login" android:key="Login">
        <EditTextPreference android:persistent="true" android:title="@string/username" android:key="Username"></EditTextPreference>
        <EditTextPreference android:title="@string/password" android:persistent="true" android:password="true" android:key="Password"></EditTextPreference>
        <Preference android:layout="@layout/loginButtons" android:key="loginButtons"></Preference>
</PreferenceScreen>

布局文件(loginButtons.xml)看起来就是这样:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:weightSum="10" 
    android:baselineAligned="false" android:orientation="horizontal">
    <Button android:text="Login" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_weight="5" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/loginButton" android:layout_gravity="left"></Button>
    <Button android:text="Password?" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_weight="5" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/forgottenPasswordButton"></Button>
</LinearLayout>

所以现在按钮出现了,但我无法在代码中访问它们。 我用 findViewById() 尝试过,但返回 null。我有什么想法可以访问这些按钮吗?

I'm quite new to Android Development and just came across Preferences.
I found PreferenceScreen and wanted to create a login functionality with it. The only problem I have is that I don't know how I could add a "Login" button to the PreferenceScreen.

Here's what my PreferenceScreen looks like:

<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
...
    <PreferenceScreen android:title="@string/login" android:key="Login">
        <EditTextPreference android:persistent="true" android:title="@string/username" android:key="Username"></EditTextPreference>
        <EditTextPreference android:title="@string/password" android:persistent="true" android:password="true" android:key="Password"></EditTextPreference>
    </PreferenceScreen>
...
</PreferenceScreen>

The Button should be right under the two EditTextPreferences.

Is there a simple solution for this problem? The one solution I found was not working because I use sub PreferenceScreens.

Update:

I figured out that i can add buttons this way:

<PreferenceScreen android:title="@string/login" android:key="Login">
        <EditTextPreference android:persistent="true" android:title="@string/username" android:key="Username"></EditTextPreference>
        <EditTextPreference android:title="@string/password" android:persistent="true" android:password="true" android:key="Password"></EditTextPreference>
        <Preference android:layout="@layout/loginButtons" android:key="loginButtons"></Preference>
</PreferenceScreen>

and the layout file (loginButtons.xml) looks that way:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:weightSum="10" 
    android:baselineAligned="false" android:orientation="horizontal">
    <Button android:text="Login" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_weight="5" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/loginButton" android:layout_gravity="left"></Button>
    <Button android:text="Password?" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_weight="5" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/forgottenPasswordButton"></Button>
</LinearLayout>

So now the buttons appear but I can't access them in code.
I tried it with findViewById() but this is returning null. Any ideas how I could access these buttons?

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评论(10

双马尾 2024-10-28 23:58:30

对于 xml:

<Preference
    app:title="Acts like a button"
    app:key="@string/myCoolButton"
    app:summary="This is a cool button"
/>

然后对于 onCreate() 中的 java

Preference button = findPreference(getString(R.string.myCoolButton));
button.setOnPreferenceClickListener(new Preference.OnPreferenceClickListener() {
    @Override
    public boolean onPreferenceClick(Preference preference) { 
        //code for what you want it to do 
        return true;
    }
});

这将看起来像一个普通的首选项,只有一个标题和一个摘要,所以它看起来像它所属的。

注释

  • “添加带有一些编辑图标的 app:widgetLayout 将使用户更清楚。” - Doron Ben-Ari。多伦在评论中对此进行了扩展。
  • 旧版本的 Android 使用 android: 前缀。答案已更新为 app: 前缀。

For the xml:

<Preference
    app:title="Acts like a button"
    app:key="@string/myCoolButton"
    app:summary="This is a cool button"
/>

Then for the java in your onCreate()

Preference button = findPreference(getString(R.string.myCoolButton));
button.setOnPreferenceClickListener(new Preference.OnPreferenceClickListener() {
    @Override
    public boolean onPreferenceClick(Preference preference) { 
        //code for what you want it to do 
        return true;
    }
});

This will appear like a normal Preference, with just a title and a summary, so it will look like it belongs.

Notes

  • "Adding app:widgetLayout with some edit icon would make it much more clear for the user." - Doron Ben-Ari. Doron expands on this in the comments.
  • Older versions of Android used android: prefix. Answer is updated with app: prefix.
迟到的我 2024-10-28 23:58:30

我想已经太晚了。
这就是我为按钮首选项所做的事情。

xml文件夹中的preference.xml文件

....
    <Preference
        android:key="resetBD"
        android:title="@string/ajustes_almacenamiento"
        android:summary="@string/ajustes_almacenamiento_desc"
        android:widgetLayout="@layout/pref_reset_bd_button" 
    ></Preference>
  ...

和layout文件夹中的pref_reset_bd_button.xml中的首选项

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
   <Button
       xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:id="@+id/resetButton" 
        android:text="@string/ajustes_almacenamiento_bt" 
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="resetearBD">

   </Button>

I suppouse its too late.
This is what i have done for a Button Preference.

The preference in preference.xml file in xml folder

....
    <Preference
        android:key="resetBD"
        android:title="@string/ajustes_almacenamiento"
        android:summary="@string/ajustes_almacenamiento_desc"
        android:widgetLayout="@layout/pref_reset_bd_button" 
    ></Preference>
  ...

and pref_reset_bd_button.xml in layout folder

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
   <Button
       xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:id="@+id/resetButton" 
        android:text="@string/ajustes_almacenamiento_bt" 
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="resetearBD">

   </Button>
琉璃繁缕 2024-10-28 23:58:30

我想向首选项添加退出链接,并能够修改 Jakar 的代码以使其像这样工作:

<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >   
   <PreferenceCategory android:title="Settings">
       <Preference android:title="Click to exit" android:key="exitlink"/>       
   </PreferenceCategory>    
</PreferenceScreen>

最初“首选项”是我手工编辑的“EditTextPreference”。

然后在课堂上:

public class MyPreferences extends PreferenceActivity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.mypreferences);

    Preference button = (Preference)getPreferenceManager().findPreference("exitlink");      
    if (button != null) {
        button.setOnPreferenceClickListener(new Preference.OnPreferenceClickListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onPreferenceClick(Preference arg0) {
                finish();   
                return true;
            }
        });     
    }
}
}

I wanted to add an Exit link to the preferences and was able to modify Jakar's code to make it work like this:

<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >   
   <PreferenceCategory android:title="Settings">
       <Preference android:title="Click to exit" android:key="exitlink"/>       
   </PreferenceCategory>    
</PreferenceScreen>

Originally the 'Preference' was a 'EditTextPreference' which I hand edited.

Then in the class:

public class MyPreferences extends PreferenceActivity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.mypreferences);

    Preference button = (Preference)getPreferenceManager().findPreference("exitlink");      
    if (button != null) {
        button.setOnPreferenceClickListener(new Preference.OnPreferenceClickListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onPreferenceClick(Preference arg0) {
                finish();   
                return true;
            }
        });     
    }
}
}
酒浓于脸红 2024-10-28 23:58:30

添加

setContentView(R.layout.buttonLayout);

下面的

addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.yourPreference);

按钮布局:

<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

<RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/top_control_bar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</RelativeLayout>

<LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/bottom_control_bar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">

    <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="70dp"
            android:text="@string/saveAlarm"/>
</LinearLayout>

<ListView
        android:id="@android:id/list"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dip"
        android:layout_above="@id/bottom_control_bar"
        android:layout_below="@id/top_control_bar"
        android:choiceMode="multipleChoice">
</ListView>

访问按钮的方式:

Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        //Your event
    }
});

您可以通过将按钮放在相对布局中来获取屏幕顶部或底部的按钮:

  • top_control_bar
  • Bottom_control_bar

Bottom_control_bar

这对我有用。我希望我可以帮助某人完成这段代码。

Add

setContentView(R.layout.buttonLayout);

Below

addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.yourPreference);

buttonLayout:

<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

<RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/top_control_bar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</RelativeLayout>

<LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/bottom_control_bar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">

    <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="70dp"
            android:text="@string/saveAlarm"/>
</LinearLayout>

<ListView
        android:id="@android:id/list"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dip"
        android:layout_above="@id/bottom_control_bar"
        android:layout_below="@id/top_control_bar"
        android:choiceMode="multipleChoice">
</ListView>

Access Button by:

Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        //Your event
    }
});

You can get the button on top or on bottom of the screen by putting the button in RelativeLayout:

  • top_control_bar
  • bottom_control_bar

bottom_control_bar

This worked for me. I hope I can help someone with this piece of code.

孤独岁月 2024-10-28 23:58:30

我认为没有一种简单的方法可以将按钮添加到首选项屏幕。首选项仅限于:

EditTextPreference
ListPreference
RingtonePreference
CheckboxPreference

使用首选项屏幕时,您只能使用这些选项,并且没有可以轻松满足您需要的单个“按钮首选项”。

我一直在寻找类似的功能,向首选项屏幕添加按钮,但似乎您需要为此构建自己的屏幕,在您自己的实现中管理首选项的更改。

I don't think there is an easy way to just add a Button to a preference screen. Preferences are limited to:

EditTextPreference
ListPreference
RingtonePreference
CheckboxPreference

While using a preference screen, you are limited to the use of these options, and there are no single "button-preference" which could be easily used for your need.

I've been looking for similar functionality, with adding buttons to the preference screen, but it seems like you need to build your own screen for this, managing the change to preferences in your own implementation.

你对谁都笑 2024-10-28 23:58:30

您可以像这样访问按钮!

 View footerView = ((LayoutInflater) this.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE)).inflate(R.layout.layoutButtons, null, false);

不要忘记将 android:id 添加到包含 layoutButtons.xml 中按钮的 LinearLayout,即
android:id="@+id/mylayout"

 LinearLayout mLayout = (LinearLayout) footerView.findViewById(R.id.mylayout);
 Button login = (Button) footerView.findViewById(R.id.loginButton);
 login.setOnClickListener(this);
 ListView lv = (ListView) findViewById(android.R.id.list);
 lv.addFooterView(footerView);

 // Lines 2 and 3 can be used in the same way for a second Button!

You can do it like this to access the button!

 View footerView = ((LayoutInflater) this.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE)).inflate(R.layout.layoutButtons, null, false);

Don't forget to add android:id to the LinearLayout that contains the button in layoutButtons.xml, i.e.
android:id="@+id/mylayout"

 LinearLayout mLayout = (LinearLayout) footerView.findViewById(R.id.mylayout);
 Button login = (Button) footerView.findViewById(R.id.loginButton);
 login.setOnClickListener(this);
 ListView lv = (ListView) findViewById(android.R.id.list);
 lv.addFooterView(footerView);

 // Lines 2 and 3 can be used in the same way for a second Button!
紫罗兰の梦幻 2024-10-28 23:58:30

您还可以通过重写 Preference.onCreateView(parent) 来自定义 Preference 的布局。下面的示例使用匿名内部类来进行红色首选项。

    screen.addPreference(
        new Preference(context) {
            @Override
            protected View onCreateView(ViewGroup parent) {
                View view = super.onCreateView(parent);
                view.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
                return view;
            }
        });

您可以使用此技术将按钮添加到默认视图。

You can also customise the layout of a Preference by overriding Preference.onCreateView(parent). The example below uses an anonymous inner class to make red preferences.

    screen.addPreference(
        new Preference(context) {
            @Override
            protected View onCreateView(ViewGroup parent) {
                View view = super.onCreateView(parent);
                view.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
                return view;
            }
        });

You could use this technique to add a button to the default view.

神魇的王 2024-10-28 23:58:30

SettingsFragment.java 创建自定义布局,即 layout_settings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ui.settings.SettingsFragment"
    tools:ignore="NewApi">

    <com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout
        android:id="@+id/appBarSettings"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:theme="@style/AppBarOverlay">

        <com.google.android.material.appbar.MaterialToolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbarSettings"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
            app:title="@string/fragment_title_settings" />
    </com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout>

    <!--this works as the container for the SettingsFragment.java
    put the code for the Button above or below this FrameLayout
    according to your requirement-->

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@android:id/list_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      app:layout_behavior="com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout$ScrollingViewBehavior" />


    <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
        android:id="@+id/btnSample"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom|center"
        android:text="@string/button_sample_text" />

</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

然后,引用 styles.xml 中的布局文件:

<style name="AppTheme" parent="....">
      ...............
      ...............
      <item name="preferenceTheme">@style/MyPreferenceThemeOverlay</item>
</style>

<style name="MyPreferenceThemeOverlay" parent="PreferenceThemeOverlay">
      <item name="android:layout>@layout/layout_settings</item>
</style>

然后,在 SettingsFragment.javaonViewCreated() 方法中,您
可以使用这样的按钮:

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle 
                             savedInstanceState) {

        MaterialButton btnSample = view.findViewById(R.id.btnSample);
        btnSample.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(requireContext(), "Sample Button 
                   clicked!!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
    }

带有按钮的示例设置屏幕

Create a custom layout for the SettingsFragment.java i.e layout_settings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ui.settings.SettingsFragment"
    tools:ignore="NewApi">

    <com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout
        android:id="@+id/appBarSettings"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:theme="@style/AppBarOverlay">

        <com.google.android.material.appbar.MaterialToolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbarSettings"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
            app:title="@string/fragment_title_settings" />
    </com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout>

    <!--this works as the container for the SettingsFragment.java
    put the code for the Button above or below this FrameLayout
    according to your requirement-->

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@android:id/list_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      app:layout_behavior="com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout$ScrollingViewBehavior" />


    <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
        android:id="@+id/btnSample"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom|center"
        android:text="@string/button_sample_text" />

</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

Then, refer to the layout file in your styles.xml:

<style name="AppTheme" parent="....">
      ...............
      ...............
      <item name="preferenceTheme">@style/MyPreferenceThemeOverlay</item>
</style>

<style name="MyPreferenceThemeOverlay" parent="PreferenceThemeOverlay">
      <item name="android:layout>@layout/layout_settings</item>
</style>

And then, in the onViewCreated() method of your SettingsFragment.java, you
can use the button like this:

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle 
                             savedInstanceState) {

        MaterialButton btnSample = view.findViewById(R.id.btnSample);
        btnSample.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(requireContext(), "Sample Button 
                   clicked!!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
    }

Sample Settings Screen with Button

彡翼 2024-10-28 23:58:30

如果您想捕获用户点击其中一个 Preferences 项并且您的应用正在使用 PreferenceFragmentCompat,那么您可以执行以下操作:

<PreferenceScreen
...
>
...
<Preference
    android:key="@string/pref_key_clickable_item"
    android:persistent="false"
    android:title="Can be clicked"
    android:summary="Click this item so stuff will happen"/>
...
</PreferenceScreen>

Java:

@Override
onPreferenceTreeClick(Preference preference) {
    if (preference.getKey().equals(getContext().getString(R.string.pref_key_clickable_item))) {
       // user clicked the item
       // return "true" to indicate you handled the click
       return true;
    }
    return false;
}

Kotlin:

override fun onPreferenceTreeClick(preference: Preference): Boolean {
    if (preference.key == context?.getString(R.string.pref_key_clickable_ite)) {
       // user clicked the item
       // return "true" to indicate you handled the click
       return true
    }
    return false
}

If you'd like to catch a user click on one of the Preferences items and your app is using PreferenceFragmentCompat, then you can do this:

<PreferenceScreen
...
>
...
<Preference
    android:key="@string/pref_key_clickable_item"
    android:persistent="false"
    android:title="Can be clicked"
    android:summary="Click this item so stuff will happen"/>
...
</PreferenceScreen>

Java:

@Override
onPreferenceTreeClick(Preference preference) {
    if (preference.getKey().equals(getContext().getString(R.string.pref_key_clickable_item))) {
       // user clicked the item
       // return "true" to indicate you handled the click
       return true;
    }
    return false;
}

Kotlin:

override fun onPreferenceTreeClick(preference: Preference): Boolean {
    if (preference.key == context?.getString(R.string.pref_key_clickable_ite)) {
       // user clicked the item
       // return "true" to indicate you handled the click
       return true
    }
    return false
}
2024-10-28 23:58:30

尝试 android:onClick="myMethod" 对于简单的 onclick 事件来说就像一个魅力

try android:onClick="myMethod" works like a charm for simple onclick events

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