在 C 中创建有效的共享库
我正在做一些测试来学习如何创建共享库。 Code::Blocks 中共享库的模板是这个
library.c
// The functions contained in this file are pretty dummy
// and are included only as a placeholder. Nevertheless,
// they *will* get included in the shared library if you
// don't remove them :)
//
// Obviously, you 'll have to write yourself the super-duper
// functions to include in the resulting library...
// Also, it's not necessary to write every function in this file.
// Feel free to add more files in this project. They will be
// included in the resulting library.
// A function adding two integers and returning the result
int SampleAddInt(int i1, int i2)
{
return i1 + i2;
}
// A function doing nothing ;)
void SampleFunction1()
{
// insert code here
}
// A function always returning zero
int SampleFunction2()
{
// insert code here
return 0;
}
我尝试编译它,它编译时没有任何错误或警告。但是当我尝试将它与 python 3 中的 ctyped.cdll.LoadLibrary("library path.dll") 一起使用(实际上应该像 C 函数一样工作)时,它说它不是有效的 win32 应用程序。 python 和 code::blocks 都是 32 位(code:blocks 使用 gcc 编译,我尝试在我的系统上使用 mingw 的安装版本,但它给出了一些关于缺少库的错误),而我正在使用 win 7 64位
你知道问题是什么,或者我做错了什么吗?
编辑1: 我在Windows 7 64位上,在编译器的规格文件中写道:“线程模型:win32,gcc版本3.4.5(mingw-vista特殊r3)” 用作命令
gcc.exe -shared -o library.dll library.c
我在我使用的python中
from ctypes import *
lib = cdll.LoadLibrary("C:\\Users\\Francesco\\Desktop\\C programmi\\Python\\Ctypes DLL\\library.dll")
,错误是
WindowsError: [Error 193] %1 is not a valid Win32 application
我从二进制包安装了python3.1和mingw,并且没有在我的系统
EDIT2上编译它们: 读完马克的回答后。
main.h
#ifndef __MAIN_H__
#define __MAIN_H__
#include <windows.h>
#ifdef BUILD_DLL
#define DLL_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define DLL_EXPORT __declspec(dllimport)
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif
DLL_EXPORT int MySimpleSum(int A, int B);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif // __MAIN_H__
main.c
#include "main.h"
// a sample exported function
DLL_EXPORT int MySimpleSum(int A, int B)
{
return A+B;
}
编译选项
gcc -c _DBUILD_DLL main.c
gcc -shared -o library.dll main.o -Wl,--out-implib,liblibrary.a
使用 gcc 4.5.2 仍然遇到同样的错误..
I'm doing some test to learn how to create shared library.
The template for shared libraries in Code::Blocks is this
library.c
// The functions contained in this file are pretty dummy
// and are included only as a placeholder. Nevertheless,
// they *will* get included in the shared library if you
// don't remove them :)
//
// Obviously, you 'll have to write yourself the super-duper
// functions to include in the resulting library...
// Also, it's not necessary to write every function in this file.
// Feel free to add more files in this project. They will be
// included in the resulting library.
// A function adding two integers and returning the result
int SampleAddInt(int i1, int i2)
{
return i1 + i2;
}
// A function doing nothing ;)
void SampleFunction1()
{
// insert code here
}
// A function always returning zero
int SampleFunction2()
{
// insert code here
return 0;
}
I tried to compile it, and it compiled without any error or warning. But when i tried to use it with the ctyped.cdll.LoadLibrary("library path.dll") in python 3(that actually should work like the C function), it said that it wasn't a valid win32 application. Both python and code::blocks are 32 bit (code:blocks compile with gcc, and i tryed to use an installed version of mingw on my system, but it gives some error about a missing library) while i'm working on win 7 64bit
Do you know what the problem can be, or if i'm doing something wrong?
EDIT1:
i'm on windows 7 64bit, in the specs file of the compiler is wrote: "Thread model: win32, gcc version 3.4.5 (mingw-vista special r3)"
and i used as command
gcc.exe -shared -o library.dll library.c
in python i used
from ctypes import *
lib = cdll.LoadLibrary("C:\\Users\\Francesco\\Desktop\\C programmi\\Python\\Ctypes DLL\\library.dll")
and the error was
WindowsError: [Error 193] %1 is not a valid Win32 application
i installed both python3.1 and mingw from the binary package and not compiling them on my system
EDIT2:
After reading Marc answer.
main.h
#ifndef __MAIN_H__
#define __MAIN_H__
#include <windows.h>
#ifdef BUILD_DLL
#define DLL_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define DLL_EXPORT __declspec(dllimport)
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif
DLL_EXPORT int MySimpleSum(int A, int B);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif // __MAIN_H__
main.c
#include "main.h"
// a sample exported function
DLL_EXPORT int MySimpleSum(int A, int B)
{
return A+B;
}
compiling options
gcc -c _DBUILD_DLL main.c
gcc -shared -o library.dll main.o -Wl,--out-implib,liblibrary.a
with gcc 4.5.2
still get the same error..
如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。
绑定邮箱获取回复消息
由于您还没有绑定你的真实邮箱,如果其他用户或者作者回复了您的评论,将不能在第一时间通知您!
发布评论
评论(1)
我相信在Windows环境中你需要使用
__declspec
注释。如何创建共享库以及 __declspec 的使用如下所述:在 MingW 中创建 DLL< /a>.I believe in the windows environment you need to use the
__declspec
annotation. How to create a shared library and the use of__declspec
is described here: DLL Creation in MingW.