如何在 SELECT FROM 语句中使用表类型?

发布于 2024-10-20 07:13:48 字数 978 浏览 4 评论 0原文

这个问题或多或少与这个

相同包头:
声明了以下行类型:

  TYPE exch_row IS RECORD(
    currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
    exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER);


这个表类型:

  TYPE exch_tbl IS TABLE OF exch_row INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;


添加了一个变量:

exch_rt exch_tbl;


在包体中:
用一些数据填充此表变量。


在包体的过程中:
我想使用以下语句:

CURSOR c0 IS
  SELECT i.*, rt.exch_rt_eur, rt.exch_rt_usd
  FROM item i, exch_rt rt
  WHERE i.currency = rt.exchange_cd


在 Oracle 中如何做到这一点?


注释

实际上,我正在 MSSQL 中寻找“表变量”解决方案:

DECLARE @exch_tbl TABLE
(
  currency_cd VARCHAR(9),
  exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
  exch_rt_usd NUMBER)
)

并在我的 StoredProcedure 中使用此表变量。

This question is more or less the same as this

In the package header :
Declared the following row type:

  TYPE exch_row IS RECORD(
    currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
    exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER);

And this table type:

  TYPE exch_tbl IS TABLE OF exch_row INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;

Added a variable:

exch_rt exch_tbl;

In the package body:

Fill this table variable with some data.

In a procedure in the package body:

I want to use the following statement:

CURSOR c0 IS
  SELECT i.*, rt.exch_rt_eur, rt.exch_rt_usd
  FROM item i, exch_rt rt
  WHERE i.currency = rt.exchange_cd

How to do this in Oracle ?


Notes

Actually I'm looking for the 'Table Variable' solution in MSSQL:

DECLARE @exch_tbl TABLE
(
  currency_cd VARCHAR(9),
  exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
  exch_rt_usd NUMBER)
)

And use this Table Variable inside my StoredProcedure.

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评论(5

南风起 2024-10-27 07:13:48

在 SQL 中,您只能使用在模式级别(而不是在包或过程级别)定义的表类型,并且不能在模式级别定义索引表(关联数组)。所以 - 你必须像这样定义嵌套表

create type exch_row as object (
    currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
    exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER);

create type exch_tbl as table of exch_row;

然后你可以在 SQL 中使用 TABLE 运算符来使用它,例如:

declare
   l_row     exch_row;
   exch_rt   exch_tbl;
begin
   l_row := exch_row('PLN', 100, 100);
   exch_rt  := exch_tbl(l_row);

   for r in (select i.*
               from item i, TABLE(exch_rt) rt
              where i.currency = rt.currency_cd) loop
      -- your code here
   end loop;
end;
/

In SQL you may only use table type which is defined at schema level (not at package or procedure level), and index-by table (associative array) cannot be defined at schema level. So - you have to define nested table like this

create type exch_row as object (
    currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
    exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER);

create type exch_tbl as table of exch_row;

And then you can use it in SQL with TABLE operator, for example:

declare
   l_row     exch_row;
   exch_rt   exch_tbl;
begin
   l_row := exch_row('PLN', 100, 100);
   exch_rt  := exch_tbl(l_row);

   for r in (select i.*
               from item i, TABLE(exch_rt) rt
              where i.currency = rt.currency_cd) loop
      -- your code here
   end loop;
end;
/
征棹 2024-10-27 07:13:48

在 Oracle 12C 之前,您无法从 PL/SQL 定义的表中进行选择,只能从基于 SQL 类型的表中进行选择,如下所示:

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE exch_row AS OBJECT(
currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
exch_rt_usd NUMBER);


CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE exch_tbl AS TABLE OF exch_row;

在 Oracle 12C 中,现在可以从包规范中定义的 PL/SQL 表中进行选择。

Prior to Oracle 12C you cannot select from PL/SQL-defined tables, only from tables based on SQL types like this:

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE exch_row AS OBJECT(
currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
exch_rt_usd NUMBER);


CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE exch_tbl AS TABLE OF exch_row;

In Oracle 12C it is now possible to select from PL/SQL tables that are defined in a package spec.

跨年 2024-10-27 07:13:48

您无法在包内的单个查询中完成此操作 - 您无法混合 SQL 和 PL/SQL 类型,并且需要像 Tony、Marcin 和 Thio 所说的那样在 SQL 层中定义类型。

如果您确实希望在本地完成此操作,并且可以通过 VARCHAR 而不是 BINARY_INTEGER 索引表类型,则可以执行以下操作:

-- dummy ITEM table as we don't know what the real ones looks like
create table item(
    item_num number,
    currency varchar2(9)
)
/   

insert into item values(1,'GBP');
insert into item values(2,'AUD');
insert into item values(3,'GBP');
insert into item values(4,'AUD');
insert into item values(5,'CDN');

create package so_5165580 as
    type exch_row is record(
        exch_rt_eur number,
        exch_rt_usd number);
    type exch_tbl is table of exch_row index by varchar2(9);
    exch_rt exch_tbl;
    procedure show_items;
end so_5165580;
/

create package body so_5165580 as
    procedure populate_rates is
        rate exch_row;
    begin
        rate.exch_rt_eur := 0.614394;
        rate.exch_rt_usd := 0.8494;
        exch_rt('GBP') := rate;
        rate.exch_rt_eur := 0.9817;
        rate.exch_rt_usd := 1.3572;
        exch_rt('AUD') := rate;
    end;

    procedure show_items is
        cursor c0 is
            select i.*
            from item i;
    begin
        for r0 in c0 loop
            if exch_rt.exists(r0.currency) then
                dbms_output.put_line('Item ' || r0.item_num
                    || ' Currency ' || r0.currency
                    || ' EUR ' || exch_rt(r0.currency).exch_rt_eur
                    || ' USD ' || exch_rt(r0.currency).exch_rt_usd);
            else
                dbms_output.put_line('Item ' || r0.item_num
                    || ' Currency ' || r0.currency
                    || ' ** no rates defined **');
            end if;
        end loop;
    end;
begin
    populate_rates;
end so_5165580;
/

因此,在循环内,无论您希望使用 r0.exch_rt_eur 的任何位置,您可以使用 exch_rt(r0.currency).exch_rt_eur,美元也同样。从匿名块进行测试:

begin
    so_5165580.show_items;
end;
/

Item 1 Currency GBP EUR .614394 USD .8494
Item 2 Currency AUD EUR .9817 USD 1.3572
Item 3 Currency GBP EUR .614394 USD .8494
Item 4 Currency AUD EUR .9817 USD 1.3572
Item 5 Currency CDN ** no rates defined **

根据 Stef 发布的答案,这根本不需要在包中;使用 insert 语句可以达到相同的结果。假设 EXCH 持有其他货币兑欧元的汇率,包括 currency_key=1 的美元:

insert into detail_items
with rt as (select c.currency_cd as currency_cd,
        e.exch_rt as exch_rt_eur,
        (e.exch_rt / usd.exch_rt) as exch_rt_usd
    from exch e,
        currency c,
        (select exch_rt from exch where currency_key = 1) usd
    where c.currency_key = e.currency_key)
select i.doc,
    i.doc_currency,
    i.net_value,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_usd AS net_value_in_usd,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_eur as net_value_in_euro
from item i
join rt on i.doc_currency = rt.currency_cd;

对于价值为 19.99 英镑和 25.00 澳元的商品,您将获得 detail_items< /code>:

DOC DOC_CURRENCY NET_VALUE         NET_VALUE_IN_USD  NET_VALUE_IN_EURO
--- ------------ ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
1   GBP          19.99             32.53611          23.53426
2   AUD          25                25.46041          18.41621

如果您希望货币内容更加可重用,您可以创建一个视图:

create view rt as
select c.currency_cd as currency_cd,
    e.exch_rt as exch_rt_eur,
    (e.exch_rt / usd.exch_rt) as exch_rt_usd
from exch e,
    currency c,
    (select exch_rt from exch where currency_key = 1) usd
where c.currency_key = e.currency_key;

然后插入使用其中的值:

insert into detail_items
select i.doc,
    i.doc_currency,
    i.net_value,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_usd AS net_value_in_usd,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_eur as net_value_in_euro
from item i
join rt on i.doc_currency = rt.currency_cd;

You can't do it in a single query inside the package - you can't mix the SQL and PL/SQL types, and would need to define the types in the SQL layer as Tony, Marcin and Thio have said.

If you really want this done locally, and you can index the table type by VARCHAR instead of BINARY_INTEGER, you can do something like this:

-- dummy ITEM table as we don't know what the real ones looks like
create table item(
    item_num number,
    currency varchar2(9)
)
/   

insert into item values(1,'GBP');
insert into item values(2,'AUD');
insert into item values(3,'GBP');
insert into item values(4,'AUD');
insert into item values(5,'CDN');

create package so_5165580 as
    type exch_row is record(
        exch_rt_eur number,
        exch_rt_usd number);
    type exch_tbl is table of exch_row index by varchar2(9);
    exch_rt exch_tbl;
    procedure show_items;
end so_5165580;
/

create package body so_5165580 as
    procedure populate_rates is
        rate exch_row;
    begin
        rate.exch_rt_eur := 0.614394;
        rate.exch_rt_usd := 0.8494;
        exch_rt('GBP') := rate;
        rate.exch_rt_eur := 0.9817;
        rate.exch_rt_usd := 1.3572;
        exch_rt('AUD') := rate;
    end;

    procedure show_items is
        cursor c0 is
            select i.*
            from item i;
    begin
        for r0 in c0 loop
            if exch_rt.exists(r0.currency) then
                dbms_output.put_line('Item ' || r0.item_num
                    || ' Currency ' || r0.currency
                    || ' EUR ' || exch_rt(r0.currency).exch_rt_eur
                    || ' USD ' || exch_rt(r0.currency).exch_rt_usd);
            else
                dbms_output.put_line('Item ' || r0.item_num
                    || ' Currency ' || r0.currency
                    || ' ** no rates defined **');
            end if;
        end loop;
    end;
begin
    populate_rates;
end so_5165580;
/

So inside your loop, wherever you would have expected to use r0.exch_rt_eur you instead use exch_rt(r0.currency).exch_rt_eur, and the same for USD. Testing from an anonymous block:

begin
    so_5165580.show_items;
end;
/

Item 1 Currency GBP EUR .614394 USD .8494
Item 2 Currency AUD EUR .9817 USD 1.3572
Item 3 Currency GBP EUR .614394 USD .8494
Item 4 Currency AUD EUR .9817 USD 1.3572
Item 5 Currency CDN ** no rates defined **

Based on the answer Stef posted, this doesn't need to be in a package at all; the same results could be achieved with an insert statement. Assuming EXCH holds exchange rates of other currencies against the Euro, including USD with currency_key=1:

insert into detail_items
with rt as (select c.currency_cd as currency_cd,
        e.exch_rt as exch_rt_eur,
        (e.exch_rt / usd.exch_rt) as exch_rt_usd
    from exch e,
        currency c,
        (select exch_rt from exch where currency_key = 1) usd
    where c.currency_key = e.currency_key)
select i.doc,
    i.doc_currency,
    i.net_value,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_usd AS net_value_in_usd,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_eur as net_value_in_euro
from item i
join rt on i.doc_currency = rt.currency_cd;

With items valued at 19.99 GBP and 25.00 AUD, you get detail_items:

DOC DOC_CURRENCY NET_VALUE         NET_VALUE_IN_USD  NET_VALUE_IN_EURO
--- ------------ ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
1   GBP          19.99             32.53611          23.53426
2   AUD          25                25.46041          18.41621

If you want the currency stuff to be more re-usable you could create a view:

create view rt as
select c.currency_cd as currency_cd,
    e.exch_rt as exch_rt_eur,
    (e.exch_rt / usd.exch_rt) as exch_rt_usd
from exch e,
    currency c,
    (select exch_rt from exch where currency_key = 1) usd
where c.currency_key = e.currency_key;

And then insert using values from that:

insert into detail_items
select i.doc,
    i.doc_currency,
    i.net_value,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_usd AS net_value_in_usd,
    i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_eur as net_value_in_euro
from item i
join rt on i.doc_currency = rt.currency_cd;
孤君无依 2024-10-27 07:13:48

感谢您对这个问题的所有帮助。我将在这里发布我的解决方案:

包头

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE X IS
  TYPE exch_row IS RECORD(
    currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
    exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER);
  TYPE exch_tbl IS TABLE OF X.exch_row;

  FUNCTION GetExchangeRate RETURN X.exch_tbl PIPELINED;
END X;

包体

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY X IS
  FUNCTION GetExchangeRate RETURN X.exch_tbl
    PIPELINED AS
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER := 1.0; --todo
    rw exch_row;
  BEGIN

    FOR rw IN (SELECT c.currency_cd AS currency_cd, e.exch_rt AS exch_rt_eur, (e.exch_rt / exch_rt_usd) AS exch_rt_usd
                 FROM exch e, currency c
                WHERE c.currency_key = e.currency_key
                  ) LOOP
      PIPE ROW(rw);
    END LOOP;
  END;


  PROCEDURE DoIt IS
  BEGIN
    DECLARE
      CURSOR c0 IS
        SELECT i.DOC,
               i.doc_currency,
               i.net_value,
               i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_usd AS net_value_in_usd,
               i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_eur AS net_value_in_euro,
          FROM item i, (SELECT * FROM TABLE(X.GetExchangeRate())) rt
         WHERE i.doc_currency = rt.currency_cd;

      TYPE c0_type IS TABLE OF c0%ROWTYPE;

      items c0_type;
    BEGIN
      OPEN c0;

      LOOP
        FETCH c0 BULK COLLECT
          INTO items LIMIT batchsize;

        EXIT WHEN items.COUNT = 0;
        FORALL i IN items.FIRST .. items.LAST SAVE EXCEPTIONS
          INSERT INTO detail_items VALUES items (i);

      END LOOP;

      CLOSE c0;

      COMMIT;

    EXCEPTION
      WHEN OTHERS THEN
        RAISE;
    END;
  END;

END X;

请查看。

Thanks for all help at this issue. I'll post here my solution:

Package Header

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE X IS
  TYPE exch_row IS RECORD(
    currency_cd VARCHAR2(9),
    exch_rt_eur NUMBER,
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER);
  TYPE exch_tbl IS TABLE OF X.exch_row;

  FUNCTION GetExchangeRate RETURN X.exch_tbl PIPELINED;
END X;

Package Body

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY X IS
  FUNCTION GetExchangeRate RETURN X.exch_tbl
    PIPELINED AS
    exch_rt_usd NUMBER := 1.0; --todo
    rw exch_row;
  BEGIN

    FOR rw IN (SELECT c.currency_cd AS currency_cd, e.exch_rt AS exch_rt_eur, (e.exch_rt / exch_rt_usd) AS exch_rt_usd
                 FROM exch e, currency c
                WHERE c.currency_key = e.currency_key
                  ) LOOP
      PIPE ROW(rw);
    END LOOP;
  END;


  PROCEDURE DoIt IS
  BEGIN
    DECLARE
      CURSOR c0 IS
        SELECT i.DOC,
               i.doc_currency,
               i.net_value,
               i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_usd AS net_value_in_usd,
               i.net_value / rt.exch_rt_eur AS net_value_in_euro,
          FROM item i, (SELECT * FROM TABLE(X.GetExchangeRate())) rt
         WHERE i.doc_currency = rt.currency_cd;

      TYPE c0_type IS TABLE OF c0%ROWTYPE;

      items c0_type;
    BEGIN
      OPEN c0;

      LOOP
        FETCH c0 BULK COLLECT
          INTO items LIMIT batchsize;

        EXIT WHEN items.COUNT = 0;
        FORALL i IN items.FIRST .. items.LAST SAVE EXCEPTIONS
          INSERT INTO detail_items VALUES items (i);

      END LOOP;

      CLOSE c0;

      COMMIT;

    EXCEPTION
      WHEN OTHERS THEN
        RAISE;
    END;
  END;

END X;

Please review.

非要怀念 2024-10-27 07:13:48

在包规范中,您可以执行您提到的所有操作,但不确定 INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;

在包正文中:

在声明中初始化表:

exch_rt exch_tbl := exch_tbl();

按顺序要将记录添加到本地集合,在 begin - end 块中您可以执行以下操作:

exch_rt.extend;
                                one_row.exch_rt_usd := 2;
                                one_row.exch_rt_eur := 1;
                                one_row.currency_cd := 'dollar';
                                exch_rt(1) := one_row; -- 1 - number of row in the table - you can put a variable which will be incremented inside a loop 

为了从此表中获取数据,在包体内您可以使用:

select exch_rt_usd, exch_rt_eur, currency_cd from table(exch_rt)

Enjoy!

PS 抱歉回复晚了:D

In package specs you can do all you mentioned but not sure about INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;

In package body:

initialize the table in declarations:

exch_rt exch_tbl := exch_tbl();

in order to add record to the local collection, in begin - end block you can do:

exch_rt.extend;
                                one_row.exch_rt_usd := 2;
                                one_row.exch_rt_eur := 1;
                                one_row.currency_cd := 'dollar';
                                exch_rt(1) := one_row; -- 1 - number of row in the table - you can put a variable which will be incremented inside a loop 

in order to get data from this table , inside package body you can use:

select exch_rt_usd, exch_rt_eur, currency_cd from table(exch_rt)

enjoy!

P.S. sorry for a late answer :D

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