从 PHP 页面使用 GMail SMTP 服务器发送电子邮件

Question

我尝试从 PHP 页面通过 GMail 的 SMTP 服务器发送电子邮件，但收到此错误：

身份验证失败 [SMTP：SMTP 服务器不支持身份验证（代码：250，响应：mx.google.com 在您的服务中，[98.117.99.235] SIZE 35651584 8BITMIME STARTTLS ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES PIPELINING）]

有人可以帮忙吗？这是我的代码：

<?php
require_once "Mail.php";

$from = "Sandra Sender <[email protected]>";
$to = "Ramona Recipient <[email protected]>";
$subject = "Hi!";
$body = "Hi,\n\nHow are you?";

$host = "smtp.gmail.com";
$port = "587";
$username = "[email protected]";
$password = "testtest";

$headers = array ('From' => $from,
  'To' => $to,
  'Subject' => $subject);
$smtp = Mail::factory('smtp',
  array ('host' => $host,
    'port' => $port,
    'auth' => true,
    'username' => $username,
    'password' => $password));

$mail = $smtp->send($to, $headers, $body);

if (PEAR::isError($mail)) {
  echo("<p>" . $mail->getMessage() . "</p>");
 } else {
  echo("<p>Message successfully sent!</p>");
 }
?>

Answer 1

// Pear Mail Library
require_once "Mail.php";

$from = '<[email protected]>';
$to = '<[email protected]>';
$subject = 'Hi!';
$body = "Hi,\n\nHow are you?";

$headers = array(
    'From' => $from,
    'To' => $to,
    'Subject' => $subject
);

$smtp = Mail::factory('smtp', array(
        'host' => 'ssl://smtp.gmail.com',
        'port' => '465',
        'auth' => true,
        'username' => '[email protected]',
        'password' => 'passwordxxx'
    ));

$mail = $smtp->send($to, $headers, $body);

if (PEAR::isError($mail)) {
    echo('<p>' . $mail->getMessage() . '</p>');
} else {
    echo('<p>Message successfully sent!</p>');
}

Answer 2

使用 Swift mailer，通过 Gmail 凭据发送邮件非常简单：

<?php
require_once 'swift/lib/swift_required.php';

$transport = Swift_SmtpTransport::newInstance('smtp.gmail.com', 465, "ssl")
  ->setUsername('GMAIL_USERNAME')
  ->setPassword('GMAIL_PASSWORD');

$mailer = Swift_Mailer::newInstance($transport);

$message = Swift_Message::newInstance('Test Subject')
  ->setFrom(array('[email protected]' => 'ABC'))
  ->setTo(array('[email protected]'))
  ->setBody('This is a test mail.');

$result = $mailer->send($message);
?>

Answer 3

您的代码似乎未使用 TLS (SSL)，即 需要将邮件递送至 Google（并使用端口 465 或 587）。

您可以通过设置

$host = "ssl://smtp.gmail.com";

您的代码看起来可疑地像 此示例引用主机名方案中的 ssl:// 。

Answer 4

我不推荐梨邮件。自 2010 年以来就没有更新过。还要阅读源文件；源代码几乎已经过时，以 PHP 4 风格编写，并且已经发布了许多错误/错误（谷歌它）。我正在使用 Swift Mailer。

Swift Mailer 集成到任何用 PHP 5 编写的 Web 应用程序中，提供灵活而优雅的面向对象的方法来发送具有多种功能的电子邮件。

使用 SMTP、sendmail、postfix 或自定义传输发送电子邮件
您自己的实现。

支持需要用户名和密码的服务器密码和/或加密。

在不剥离请求数据的情况下防止标头注入攻击
内容。

发送符合 MIME 标准的 HTML/多部分电子邮件。

使用事件驱动插件来自定义库。

使用低内存处理大型附件和内联/嵌入图像
使用。

它是免费且开源的，您可以下载 Swift Mailer 并上传到您的服务器。 （功能列表是从所有者网站复制的）。

Gmail SSL/SMTP 和 Swift Mailer 的工作示例在这里......

// Swift Mailer Library
require_once '../path/to/lib/swift_required.php';

// Mail Transport
$transport = Swift_SmtpTransport::newInstance('ssl://smtp.gmail.com', 465)
    ->setUsername('[email protected]') // Your Gmail Username
    ->setPassword('my_secure_gmail_password'); // Your Gmail Password

// Mailer
$mailer = Swift_Mailer::newInstance($transport);

// Create a message
$message = Swift_Message::newInstance('Wonderful Subject Here')
    ->setFrom(array('[email protected]' => 'Sender Name')) // can be $_POST['email'] etc...
    ->setTo(array('[email protected]' => 'Receiver Name')) // your email / multiple supported.
    ->setBody('Here is the <strong>message</strong> itself. It can be text or <h1>HTML</h1>.', 'text/html');

// Send the message
if ($mailer->send($message)) {
    echo 'Mail sent successfully.';
} else {
    echo 'I am sure, your configuration are not correct. :(';
}

Answer 5

<?php
date_default_timezone_set('America/Toronto');

require_once('class.phpmailer.php');
//include("class.smtp.php"); // optional, gets called from within class.phpmailer.php if not already loaded

$mail             = new PHPMailer();

$body             = "gdssdh";
//$body             = eregi_replace("[\]",'',$body);

$mail->IsSMTP(); // telling the class to use SMTP
//$mail->Host       = "ssl://smtp.gmail.com"; // SMTP server
$mail->SMTPDebug  = 1;                     // enables SMTP debug information (for testing)
                                           // 1 = errors and messages
                                           // 2 = messages only
$mail->SMTPAuth   = true;                  // enable SMTP authentication
$mail->SMTPSecure = "ssl";                 // sets the prefix to the servier
$mail->Host       = "smtp.gmail.com";      // sets GMAIL as the SMTP server
$mail->Port       = 465;                   // set the SMTP port for the GMAIL server
$mail->Username   = "[email protected]";  // GMAIL username
$mail->Password   = "password";            // GMAIL password

$mail->SetFrom('[email protected]', 'PRSPS');

//$mail->AddReplyTo("[email protected]', 'First Last");

$mail->Subject    = "PRSPS password";

//$mail->AltBody    = "To view the message, please use an HTML compatible email viewer!"; // optional, comment out and test

$mail->MsgHTML($body);

$address = "[email protected]";
$mail->AddAddress($address, "user2");

//$mail->AddAttachment("images/phpmailer.gif");      // attachment
//$mail->AddAttachment("images/phpmailer_mini.gif"); // attachment

if(!$mail->Send()) {
  echo "Mailer Error: " . $mail->ErrorInfo;
} else {
  echo "Message sent!";
}

?>

Answer 6

自 2022 年 5 月 30 日起，Google将不再支持使用允许您使用用户名和密码登录 Google 帐户的第三方应用程序和设备。

然而，谷歌提供了一个简单的解决方案。

输入由 Google 生成的应用密码，而不是密码。首先，转到设置并启用两步验证。

然后单击应用程序密码。

您应该会看到应用程序密码屏幕。 应用密码可让您从不支持两步验证的设备上的应用登录您的 Google 帐户。选择Mail 作为应用，然后选择设备。就我而言，我选择了其他，因为我想将我的应用程序部署到云中。

完成后，单击GENERATE按钮。您将看到生成的应用程序密码。

只需复制密码并将电子邮件发送服务中以前的密码替换为生成的密码即可。但您将无法再次看到密码。

就是这样！

Answer 7

SwiftMailer 可以使用外部服务器发送电子邮件。

以下示例展示了如何使用 Gmail 服务器：

require_once "lib/Swift.php";
require_once "lib/Swift/Connection/SMTP.php";

//Connect to localhost on port 25
$swift =& new Swift(new Swift_Connection_SMTP("localhost"));


//Connect to an IP address on a non-standard port
$swift =& new Swift(new Swift_Connection_SMTP("217.147.94.117", 419));


//Connect to Gmail (PHP5)
$swift = new Swift(new Swift_Connection_SMTP(
    "smtp.gmail.com", Swift_Connection_SMTP::PORT_SECURE, Swift_Connection_SMTP::ENC_TLS));

Answer 8

问题中列出的代码需要进行两处更改

$host = "ssl://smtp.gmail.com";
$port = "465";

SSL 连接需要端口 465。

Answer 9

通过 Gmail 使用 phpMailer 库发送邮件
请从 Github 下载库文件

<?php
/**
 * This example shows settings to use when sending via Google's Gmail servers.
 */
//SMTP needs accurate times, and the PHP time zone MUST be set
//This should be done in your php.ini, but this is how to do it if you don't have access to that
date_default_timezone_set('Etc/UTC');
require '../PHPMailerAutoload.php';
//Create a new PHPMailer instance
$mail = new PHPMailer;
//Tell PHPMailer to use SMTP
$mail->isSMTP();
//Enable SMTP debugging
// 0 = off (for production use)
// 1 = client messages
// 2 = client and server messages
$mail->SMTPDebug = 2;
//Ask for HTML-friendly debug output
$mail->Debugoutput = 'html';
//Set the hostname of the mail server
$mail->Host = 'smtp.gmail.com';
// use
// $mail->Host = gethostbyname('smtp.gmail.com');
// if your network does not support SMTP over IPv6
//Set the SMTP port number - 587 for authenticated TLS, a.k.a. RFC4409 SMTP submission
$mail->Port = 587;
//Set the encryption system to use - ssl (deprecated) or tls
$mail->SMTPSecure = 'tls';
//Whether to use SMTP authentication
$mail->SMTPAuth = true;
//Username to use for SMTP authentication - use full email address for gmail
$mail->Username = "[email protected]";
//Password to use for SMTP authentication
$mail->Password = "yourpassword";
//Set who the message is to be sent from
$mail->setFrom('[email protected]', 'First Last');
//Set an alternative reply-to address
$mail->addReplyTo('[email protected]', 'First Last');
//Set who the message is to be sent to
$mail->addAddress('[email protected]', 'John Doe');
//Set the subject line
$mail->Subject = 'PHPMailer GMail SMTP test';
//Read an HTML message body from an external file, convert referenced images to embedded,
//convert HTML into a basic plain-text alternative body
$mail->msgHTML(file_get_contents('contents.html'), dirname(__FILE__));
//Replace the plain text body with one created manually
$mail->AltBody = 'This is a plain-text message body';
//Attach an image file
$mail->addAttachment('images/phpmailer_mini.png');
//send the message, check for errors
if (!$mail->send()) {
    echo "Mailer Error: " . $mail->ErrorInfo;
} else {
    echo "Message sent!";
}

Answer 10

我也有这个问题。我设置了正确的设置并启用了不太安全的应用程序，但它仍然不起作用。最后，我启用了这个https://accounts.google.com/UnlockCaptcha，它对我有用。

Answer 11

要在 Ubuntu 中安装 PEAR 的 Mail.php，请运行以下命令集：

    sudo apt-get install php-pear
    sudo pear install mail
    sudo pear install Net_SMTP
    sudo pear install Auth_SASL
    sudo pear install mail_mime

Answer 12

Gmail需要465端口，也是phpmailer的代码

Answer 13

我知道这是一个老问题，但它仍然活跃，我看到的所有答案都显示了基本身份验证，但已弃用。以下示例展示了如何使用带有 XOAUTH2 身份验证的 PHPMailer 通过 Google 的 Gmail 服务器使用 SMTP 发送电子邮件：

//Import PHPMailer classes into the global namespace
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\PHPMailer;
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\SMTP;
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\OAuth;
//Alias the League Google OAuth2 provider class
use League\OAuth2\Client\Provider\Google;

//SMTP needs accurate times, and the PHP time zone MUST be set
//This should be done in your php.ini, but this is how to do it if you don't have access to that
date_default_timezone_set('Etc/UTC');

//Load dependencies from composer
//If this causes an error, run 'composer install'
require '../vendor/autoload.php';

//Create a new PHPMailer instance
$mail = new PHPMailer();

//Tell PHPMailer to use SMTP
$mail->isSMTP();

//Enable SMTP debugging
//SMTP::DEBUG_OFF = off (for production use)
//SMTP::DEBUG_CLIENT = client messages
//SMTP::DEBUG_SERVER = client and server messages
$mail->SMTPDebug = SMTP::DEBUG_SERVER;

//Set the hostname of the mail server
$mail->Host = 'smtp.gmail.com';

//Set the SMTP port number:
// - 465 for SMTP with implicit TLS, a.k.a. RFC8314 SMTPS or
// - 587 for SMTP+STARTTLS
$mail->Port = 465;

//Set the encryption mechanism to use:
// - SMTPS (implicit TLS on port 465) or
// - STARTTLS (explicit TLS on port 587)
$mail->SMTPSecure = PHPMailer::ENCRYPTION_SMTPS;

//Whether to use SMTP authentication
$mail->SMTPAuth = true;

//Set AuthType to use XOAUTH2
$mail->AuthType = 'XOAUTH2';

//Fill in authentication details here
//Either the gmail account owner, or the user that gave consent
$email = '[email protected]';
$clientId = 'RANDOMCHARS-----duv1n2.apps.googleusercontent.com';
$clientSecret = 'RANDOMCHARS-----lGyjPcRtvP';

//Obtained by configuring and running get_oauth_token.php
//after setting up an app in Google Developer Console.
$refreshToken = 'RANDOMCHARS-----DWxgOvPT003r-yFUV49TQYag7_Aod7y0';

//Create a new OAuth2 provider instance
$provider = new Google(
    [
        'clientId' => $clientId,
        'clientSecret' => $clientSecret,
    ]
);

//Pass the OAuth provider instance to PHPMailer
$mail->setOAuth(
    new OAuth(
        [
            'provider' => $provider,
            'clientId' => $clientId,
            'clientSecret' => $clientSecret,
            'refreshToken' => $refreshToken,
            'userName' => $email,
        ]
    )
);

//Set who the message is to be sent from
//For gmail, this generally needs to be the same as the user you logged in as
$mail->setFrom($email, 'First Last');

//Set who the message is to be sent to
$mail->addAddress('[email protected]', 'John Doe');

//Set the subject line
$mail->Subject = 'PHPMailer GMail XOAUTH2 SMTP test';

//Read an HTML message body from an external file, convert referenced images to embedded,
//convert HTML into a basic plain-text alternative body
$mail->CharSet = PHPMailer::CHARSET_UTF8;
$mail->msgHTML(file_get_contents('contentsutf8.html'), __DIR__);

//Replace the plain text body with one created manually
$mail->AltBody = 'This is a plain-text message body';

//Attach an image file
$mail->addAttachment('images/phpmailer_mini.png');

//send the message, check for errors
if (!$mail->send()) {
    echo 'Mailer Error: ' . $mail->ErrorInfo;
} else {
    echo 'Message sent!';
}

参考： PHPMailer 示例文件夹

Answer 14

我有一个针对没有“@gmail.com”后缀的 GSuite 帐户的解决方案。另外，我认为它适用于带有 @gmail.com 的 GSuite 帐户，但还没有尝试过。
首先，您应该有权更改 GSuite 帐户的“允许安全性较低的应用程序”选项。如果您有权限（您可以检查帐户设置 -> 安全性），那么您必须停用“两步因素身份验证”，转到页面末尾并设置为“是”以允许安全性较低的应用程序。就这样。如果您没有更改这些选项的权限，则该线程的解决方案将不起作用。检查https://support.google.com/a/answer/6260879?hl =en 更改“允许较少...”选项。

Answer 15

我尝试了@shasi kanth 提供的建议，但没有成功。我阅读了文档，并进行了一些更改。所以我设法使用此代码通过Gmail发送邮件，其中vendor/autoload.php是由composer通过composer require "swiftmailer/swiftmailer:^6.0"获取的：

<?php
     require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';
     $transport = (new Swift_SmtpTransport('smtp.gmail.com', 465, 'ssl'))->setUsername ('SendingMail')->setPassword ('Password');

     $mailer = new Swift_Mailer($transport);

     $message = (new Swift_Message('test'))
      ->setFrom(['Sending mail'])
      ->setTo(['Recipient mail'])
      ->setBody('Message')
  ;

     $result = $mailer->send($message);
    ?>

Answer 16

另外，查看

'auth' => false,

端口 25 是否工作。