Mobile phone tracking tracks the current position of a mobile phone even on the move. To locate the phone, it must emit at least the roaming signal to contact the next nearby antenna tower, but the process does not require an active call. GSM localisation is then done by multilateration based on the signal strength to nearby antenna masts.
So as soon as your phone is turned on, it starts to emit signals that the antennas catch. If several of them receive the signal, that (and the signal strength) gives a pretty good indication of your location.
It needs a bit of software (which the law requires today), so it doesn't cost anything "extra" for the people that provide the hardware. It's not free for normal people to use, though.
基于SIM卡？手机跟踪是分层的，就像 PC 一样。首先，如果手机没有 GPS，它会计算哪些移动提供商的信号塔覆盖了手机以及每个信号塔的移动信号有多强，这样它就可以计算出您的位置。对于电话公司来说不需要付费，但对于您来说可能会付费，因为它取决于信号塔提供的连接。因此，在提供商不知情的情况下，您无法做这件事。
sim based? mobile phone tracking goes in layers, just like PC. At first GPS, if phone don't have it then it counts what mobile providers towers covers the phone and how strong mobile signal is from each tower, so by that it can counts you location. It Don't cost for telephone companies but it might for you since it depends on connection provided by towers. So its not the thing you can do without providers knowing it.
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维基百科文章对此进行了很好的解释：
因此，一旦您的手机打开，它就会开始发射天线捕获的信号。如果其中几个接收到信号，那么（以及信号强度）就可以很好地指示您的位置。
它需要一些软件（这是当今法律所要求的），因此对于提供硬件的人来说不需要任何“额外”费用。不过，普通人使用它并不是免费的。
The Wikipedia article explains it pretty well:
So as soon as your phone is turned on, it starts to emit signals that the antennas catch. If several of them receive the signal, that (and the signal strength) gives a pretty good indication of your location.
It needs a bit of software (which the law requires today), so it doesn't cost anything "extra" for the people that provide the hardware. It's not free for normal people to use, though.
基于SIM卡？手机跟踪是分层的，就像 PC 一样。首先，如果手机没有 GPS，它会计算哪些移动提供商的信号塔覆盖了手机以及每个信号塔的移动信号有多强，这样它就可以计算出您的位置。对于电话公司来说不需要付费，但对于您来说可能会付费，因为它取决于信号塔提供的连接。因此，在提供商不知情的情况下，您无法做这件事。
sim based? mobile phone tracking goes in layers, just like PC. At first GPS, if phone don't have it then it counts what mobile providers towers covers the phone and how strong mobile signal is from each tower, so by that it can counts you location. It Don't cost for telephone companies but it might for you since it depends on connection provided by towers. So its not the thing you can do without providers knowing it.