CoCo 到 ANTLR 转换器中的表达式

发布于 2024-10-19 19:45:51 字数 1110 浏览 6 评论 0原文

我正在一个实用程序中解析 CoCo/R 语法以自动化 CoCo -> ANTLR 翻译。核心 ANTLR 语法是:

rule '=' expression '.' ;

expression
     : term ('|' term)*
         -> ^( OR_EXPR term term* )
     ;
term
     : (factor (factor)*)? ;

factor
     : symbol
     | '(' expression ')'
         -> ^( GROUPED_EXPR expression )
     | '[' expression']'
         -> ^( OPTIONAL_EXPR expression)
     | '{' expression '}'
         -> ^( SEQUENCE_EXPR expression)
     ;

symbol
     : IF_ACTION
     | ID (ATTRIBUTES)?
     | STRINGLITERAL
     ;

我的问题是这样的结构:

CS = { ExternAliasDirective }
         { UsingDirective }
         EOF .

CS 结果是带有 OR_EXPR 节点的 AST,尽管没有“|”特点 实际上出现了。我确信这是由于定义 表达式,但我看不到任何其他方式来编写规则。

我确实对此进行了实验以解决歧义。

// explicitly test for the presence of an '|' character
expression
@init { bool ored = false; }
     : term {ored = (input.LT(1).Type == OR); } (OR term)*
         ->  {ored}? ^(OR_EXPR term term*)
         ->            ^(LIST term term*)

它确实有效,但这次黑客攻击让我更加坚信某些根本性的问题是错误的。

非常感谢任何提示。

I'm parsing CoCo/R grammars in a utility to automate CoCo -> ANTLR translation. The core ANTLR grammar is:

rule '=' expression '.' ;

expression
     : term ('|' term)*
         -> ^( OR_EXPR term term* )
     ;
term
     : (factor (factor)*)? ;

factor
     : symbol
     | '(' expression ')'
         -> ^( GROUPED_EXPR expression )
     | '[' expression']'
         -> ^( OPTIONAL_EXPR expression)
     | '{' expression '}'
         -> ^( SEQUENCE_EXPR expression)
     ;

symbol
     : IF_ACTION
     | ID (ATTRIBUTES)?
     | STRINGLITERAL
     ;

My problem is with constructions such as these:

CS = { ExternAliasDirective }
         { UsingDirective }
         EOF .

CS results in an AST with a OR_EXPR node although no '|' character
actually appears. I'm sure this is due to the definition of
expression but I cannot see any other way to write the rules.

I did experiment with this to resolve the ambiguity.

// explicitly test for the presence of an '|' character
expression
@init { bool ored = false; }
     : term {ored = (input.LT(1).Type == OR); } (OR term)*
         ->  {ored}? ^(OR_EXPR term term*)
         ->            ^(LIST term term*)

It works but the hack reinforces my conviction that something fundamental is wrong.

Any tips much appreciated.

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评论(2

卷耳 2024-10-26 19:45:51

您的规则:

expression
  : term ('|' term)*
      -> ^( OR_EXPR term term* )
  ;

始终导致重写规则创建根类型为 OR_EXPR 的树。您可以像这样创建“子重写规则”:

expression
  :  (term -> REWRITE_RULE_X) ('|' term -> ^(REWRITE_RULE_Y))*
  ;

为了解决语法中的歧义,最简单的方法是启用全局回溯,这可以在语法的 options { ... } 部分中完成。

一个快速演示:

grammar CocoR;

options {
  output=AST;
  backtrack=true;
}

tokens {
  RULE;
  GROUP;
  SEQUENCE;
  OPTIONAL;
  OR;
  ATOMS;
}

parse
  :  rule EOF -> rule
  ;

rule
  :  ID '=' expr* '.' -> ^(RULE ID expr*)
  ;

expr
  :  (a=atoms -> $a) ('|' b=atoms -> ^(OR $expr $b))*
  ;

atoms
  :  atom+ -> ^(ATOMS atom+)
  ;

atom
  :  ID
  |  '(' expr ')' -> ^(GROUP expr)
  |  '{' expr '}' -> ^(SEQUENCE expr)
  |  '[' expr ']' -> ^(OPTIONAL expr)
  ;

ID
  :  ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z') ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '0'..'9')*
  ;

Space
  :  (' ' | '\t' | '\r' | '\n') {skip();}
  ;

使用输入:

CS = { ExternAliasDirective }
     { UsingDirective }
     EOF .

生成 AST:

在此处输入图像描述

,输入:

foo = a | b ({c} | d [e f]) .

生成:

在此处输入图像描述

测试此类:

import org.antlr.runtime.*;
import org.antlr.runtime.tree.*;
import org.antlr.stringtemplate.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        /*
        String source = 
                "CS = { ExternAliasDirective } \n" +
                "{ UsingDirective }            \n" + 
                "EOF .                           ";
        */
        String source = "foo = a | b ({c} | d [e f]) .";
        ANTLRStringStream in = new ANTLRStringStream(source);
        CocoRLexer lexer = new CocoRLexer(in);
        CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
        CocoRParser parser = new CocoRParser(tokens);
        CocoRParser.parse_return returnValue = parser.parse();
        CommonTree tree = (CommonTree)returnValue.getTree();
        DOTTreeGenerator gen = new DOTTreeGenerator();
        StringTemplate st = gen.toDOT(tree);
        System.out.println(st);
    }
}

并使用该类生成的输出,我使用以下网站创建 AST 图像:< a href="http://graph.gafol.net/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://graph.gafol.net/

HTH


编辑

要考虑 OR 表达式,您可以尝试这样的操作(快速测试!):

expr
  :  (a=atoms -> $a) ( ( '|' b=atoms -> ^(OR $expr $b)
                       | '|'         -> ^(OR $expr NOTHING)
                       )
                     )*
  ;

它将源:解析

foo = a | b | .

为以下 AST:

在此处输入图像描述

Your rule:

expression
  : term ('|' term)*
      -> ^( OR_EXPR term term* )
  ;

always causes the rewrite rule to create a tree with a root of type OR_EXPR. You can create "sub rewrite rules" like this:

expression
  :  (term -> REWRITE_RULE_X) ('|' term -> ^(REWRITE_RULE_Y))*
  ;

And to resolve the ambiguity in your grammar, it's easiest to enable global backtracking which can be done in the options { ... } section of your grammar.

A quick demo:

grammar CocoR;

options {
  output=AST;
  backtrack=true;
}

tokens {
  RULE;
  GROUP;
  SEQUENCE;
  OPTIONAL;
  OR;
  ATOMS;
}

parse
  :  rule EOF -> rule
  ;

rule
  :  ID '=' expr* '.' -> ^(RULE ID expr*)
  ;

expr
  :  (a=atoms -> $a) ('|' b=atoms -> ^(OR $expr $b))*
  ;

atoms
  :  atom+ -> ^(ATOMS atom+)
  ;

atom
  :  ID
  |  '(' expr ')' -> ^(GROUP expr)
  |  '{' expr '}' -> ^(SEQUENCE expr)
  |  '[' expr ']' -> ^(OPTIONAL expr)
  ;

ID
  :  ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z') ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '0'..'9')*
  ;

Space
  :  (' ' | '\t' | '\r' | '\n') {skip();}
  ;

with input:

CS = { ExternAliasDirective }
     { UsingDirective }
     EOF .

produces the AST:

enter image description here

and the input:

foo = a | b ({c} | d [e f]) .

produces:

enter image description here

The class to test this:

import org.antlr.runtime.*;
import org.antlr.runtime.tree.*;
import org.antlr.stringtemplate.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        /*
        String source = 
                "CS = { ExternAliasDirective } \n" +
                "{ UsingDirective }            \n" + 
                "EOF .                           ";
        */
        String source = "foo = a | b ({c} | d [e f]) .";
        ANTLRStringStream in = new ANTLRStringStream(source);
        CocoRLexer lexer = new CocoRLexer(in);
        CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
        CocoRParser parser = new CocoRParser(tokens);
        CocoRParser.parse_return returnValue = parser.parse();
        CommonTree tree = (CommonTree)returnValue.getTree();
        DOTTreeGenerator gen = new DOTTreeGenerator();
        StringTemplate st = gen.toDOT(tree);
        System.out.println(st);
    }
}

and with the output this class produces, I used the following website to create the AST-images: http://graph.gafol.net/

HTH


EDIT

To account for epsilon (empty string) in your OR expressions, you might try something (quickly tested!) like this:

expr
  :  (a=atoms -> $a) ( ( '|' b=atoms -> ^(OR $expr $b)
                       | '|'         -> ^(OR $expr NOTHING)
                       )
                     )*
  ;

which parses the source:

foo = a | b | .

into the following AST:

enter image description here

一张白纸 2024-10-26 19:45:51

expression 的产生式明确表示它只能返回一个 OR_EXPR 节点。您可以尝试以下操作:

expression
     : 
     term
     |
     term ('|' term)+
         -> ^( OR_EXPR term term* )
     ;

再往下,您可以使用:

term
     : factor*;

The production for expression explicitly says that it can only return an OR_EXPR node. You can try something like:

expression
     : 
     term
     |
     term ('|' term)+
         -> ^( OR_EXPR term term* )
     ;

Further down, you could use:

term
     : factor*;
~没有更多了~
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