日期检查 (COBOL)
作为作业的一部分，我需要创建一个“运输”程序来检查某个字段，该字段告知物品的发货日期。在对其余数据进行排序时，将忽略日期超过 6 个月的任何记录。
问题是无论我尝试什么，我都会得到不好的结果。我认为 EVALUATE 语句将是最好的路线，但我似乎无法做到正确。这就是我所拥有的：
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
COPY ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN.COP.
FD ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-NEW-IN.
05 PART-NUMBER-N-IN PIC X(8).
05 QUANTITY-N-IN PIC 9(4).
05 REQUEST-DATE-N-IN.
10 REQUEST-YEAR-N-IN PIC X(4).
10 REQUEST-MONTH-N-IN PIC XX.
10 REQUEST-DAY-N-IN PIC XX.
05 CUST-NUMBER-N-IN PIC X(5).
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-N-IN PIC X(10).
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE-N-IN PIC X.
COPY ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN.COP.
FD ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-PRIOR-IN.
05 PART-NUMBER-P-IN PIC X(8).
05 QUANTITY-P-IN PIC 9(4).
05 REQUEST-DATE-P-IN.
10 REQUEST-YEAR-P-IN PIC X(4).
10 REQUEST-MONTH-P-IN PIC XX.
10 REQUEST-DAY-P-IN PIC XX.
05 CUST-NUMBER-P-IN PIC X(5).
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-P-IN PIC X(10).
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE-P-IN PIC X.
COPY ORDERS-FILE-SORT.COP.
SD ORDERS-FILE-SORT.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-SORT.
05 PART-NUMBER-S PIC X(8).
05 QUANTITY-S PIC 9(4).
05 REQUEST-DATE-S.
10 REQUEST-YEAR-S PIC X(4).
10 REQUEST-MONTH-S PIC XX.
10 REQUEST-DAY-S PIC XX.
05 CUST-NUMBER-S PIC X(5).
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-S PIC X(10).
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE-S PIC X.
FD ORDERS-FILE-OUT.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-OUT PIC X(80).
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS PIC X(3) VALUE 'YES'.
01 REPORT-START PIC X VALUE 'Y'.
01 LINE-COUNT PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 LINE-JUMP PIC X VALUE 'Y'.
01 PAGE-NUMBER PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 MONTH-TOTAL PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 YEAR-TOTAL PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 YEAR-CHECK PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 SPACE-LINE PIC X VALUE SPACE.
01 WS-DATE.
05 RUN-MONTH PIC XX.
05 RUN-DAY PIC XX.
05 RUN-YEAR PIC XX.
01 HEADING-LINE-1.
05 PIC X(15) VALUE SPACES.
05 PIC X(43)
VALUE 'OPEN ORDERS REPORT - NEXT SIX MONTHS'.
05 HL-1-DATE.
10 MONTH-1 PIC 99.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 DAY-1 PIC 99.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 YEAR-1 PIC 99.
05 PIC X(3) VALUE SPACES.
05 PAGE-1 PIC X(5) VALUE 'PAGE'.
05 NUMBER-PAGE PIC Z9.
01 HEADING-LINE-2.
05 PIC X(14)
VALUE 'REQUEST DATE'.
05 PIC X(12)
VALUE 'CUSTOMER #'.
05 PIC X(16)
VALUE 'CUSTOMER ORD #'.
05 PIC X(10)
VALUE 'PART #'.
05 PIC X(11)
VALUE 'QUANTITY'.
05 PIC X(8)
VALUE 'AVAIL'.
05 PIC X(5)
VALUE 'SHIP?'.
01 DETAIL-LINE.
05 REQUEST-DATE.
10 REQUEST-MONTH PIC XX.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 REQUEST-DAY PIC XX.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 REQUEST-YEAR PIC X(4).
05 PIC X(4) VALUE SPACES.
05 CUST-NUMBER PIC X(5).
05 PIC X(7) VALUE SPACES.
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER PIC X(10).
05 PIC X(6) VALUE SPACES.
05 PART-NUMBER PIC X(8).
05 PIC X(5) VALUE SPACES.
05 QUANTITY PIC Z,ZZZ.
05 PIC X(3) VALUE SPACES.
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE PIC X(3).
05 PIC X(5) VALUE SPACES.
05 SHIP-MESSAGE PIC X(4).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
100-MAIN.
SORT ORDERS-FILE-SORT
ON ASCENDING KEY REQUEST-DATE-S
ON ASCENDING KEY CUST-NUMBER-S
ON ASCENDING KEY CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-S
ON ASCENDING KEY PART-NUMBER-S
INPUT PROCEDURE 200-SORT-SELECTION
OUTPUT PROCEDURE 300-FILE-START
STOP RUN.
200-SORT-SELECTION.
OPEN INPUT ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN
ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN
ACCEPT WS-DATE FROM DATE
MOVE RUN-MONTH TO MONTH-1
MOVE RUN-DAY TO DAY-1
MOVE RUN-YEAR TO YEAR-1
PERFORM UNTIL ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS = 'NO '
READ ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN
AT END
MOVE 'NO' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
NOT AT END
PERFORM 210-SORT-ADD-PRIOR
END-READ
END-PERFORM
MOVE 'YES' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
PERFORM UNTIL ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS = 'NO '
READ ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN
AT END
MOVE 'NO' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
NOT AT END
PERFORM 220-SORT-ADD-NEW
END-READ
END-PERFORM
MOVE 'YES' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
CLOSE ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN
ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN.
210-SORT-ADD-PRIOR.
MOVE ORDERS-RECORD-PRIOR-IN TO ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
MOVE MONTH-1 TO MONTH-TOTAL
MOVE YEAR-1 TO YEAR-TOTAL
MOVE REQUEST-YEAR-P-IN TO YEAR-CHECK
ADD 6 TO MONTH-TOTAL
IF MONTH-TOTAL > 12
SUBTRACT 12 FROM MONTH-TOTAL
END-IF
EVALUATE REQUEST-MONTH-P-IN
WHEN 01 IF MONTH-TOTAL = 1 OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 6 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 02 IF (MONTH-TOTAL = 1 OR 2) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 7 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 03 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 4) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 8 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 04 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 5) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 9 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 05 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 6) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL = 11 OR 12)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 06 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 7) OR
MONTH-TOTAL = 12
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 07 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 1 AND < 8
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 08 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 2 AND < 9
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 09 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 3 AND < 10
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 10 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 4 AND < 11
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 11 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 5 AND < 12
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 12 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 6 AND < 13
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
END-EVALUATE.
As part of an assignment I need to create a "shipping" program that checks a certain field which tells the date an item is to be shipped. Any record with a date greater than 6 months away is to be omitted while sorting the rest of the data.
The problem is no matter what I try I get bad results. I figured an EVALUATE statement would be the best route to go, but I just can't seem to get it right. This is what I have down:
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
COPY ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN.COP.
FD ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-NEW-IN.
05 PART-NUMBER-N-IN PIC X(8).
05 QUANTITY-N-IN PIC 9(4).
05 REQUEST-DATE-N-IN.
10 REQUEST-YEAR-N-IN PIC X(4).
10 REQUEST-MONTH-N-IN PIC XX.
10 REQUEST-DAY-N-IN PIC XX.
05 CUST-NUMBER-N-IN PIC X(5).
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-N-IN PIC X(10).
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE-N-IN PIC X.
COPY ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN.COP.
FD ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-PRIOR-IN.
05 PART-NUMBER-P-IN PIC X(8).
05 QUANTITY-P-IN PIC 9(4).
05 REQUEST-DATE-P-IN.
10 REQUEST-YEAR-P-IN PIC X(4).
10 REQUEST-MONTH-P-IN PIC XX.
10 REQUEST-DAY-P-IN PIC XX.
05 CUST-NUMBER-P-IN PIC X(5).
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-P-IN PIC X(10).
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE-P-IN PIC X.
COPY ORDERS-FILE-SORT.COP.
SD ORDERS-FILE-SORT.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-SORT.
05 PART-NUMBER-S PIC X(8).
05 QUANTITY-S PIC 9(4).
05 REQUEST-DATE-S.
10 REQUEST-YEAR-S PIC X(4).
10 REQUEST-MONTH-S PIC XX.
10 REQUEST-DAY-S PIC XX.
05 CUST-NUMBER-S PIC X(5).
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-S PIC X(10).
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE-S PIC X.
FD ORDERS-FILE-OUT.
01 ORDERS-RECORD-OUT PIC X(80).
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS PIC X(3) VALUE 'YES'.
01 REPORT-START PIC X VALUE 'Y'.
01 LINE-COUNT PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 LINE-JUMP PIC X VALUE 'Y'.
01 PAGE-NUMBER PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 MONTH-TOTAL PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 YEAR-TOTAL PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 YEAR-CHECK PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.
01 SPACE-LINE PIC X VALUE SPACE.
01 WS-DATE.
05 RUN-MONTH PIC XX.
05 RUN-DAY PIC XX.
05 RUN-YEAR PIC XX.
01 HEADING-LINE-1.
05 PIC X(15) VALUE SPACES.
05 PIC X(43)
VALUE 'OPEN ORDERS REPORT - NEXT SIX MONTHS'.
05 HL-1-DATE.
10 MONTH-1 PIC 99.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 DAY-1 PIC 99.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 YEAR-1 PIC 99.
05 PIC X(3) VALUE SPACES.
05 PAGE-1 PIC X(5) VALUE 'PAGE'.
05 NUMBER-PAGE PIC Z9.
01 HEADING-LINE-2.
05 PIC X(14)
VALUE 'REQUEST DATE'.
05 PIC X(12)
VALUE 'CUSTOMER #'.
05 PIC X(16)
VALUE 'CUSTOMER ORD #'.
05 PIC X(10)
VALUE 'PART #'.
05 PIC X(11)
VALUE 'QUANTITY'.
05 PIC X(8)
VALUE 'AVAIL'.
05 PIC X(5)
VALUE 'SHIP?'.
01 DETAIL-LINE.
05 REQUEST-DATE.
10 REQUEST-MONTH PIC XX.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 REQUEST-DAY PIC XX.
10 PIC X VALUE '/'.
10 REQUEST-YEAR PIC X(4).
05 PIC X(4) VALUE SPACES.
05 CUST-NUMBER PIC X(5).
05 PIC X(7) VALUE SPACES.
05 CUST-ORDER-NUMBER PIC X(10).
05 PIC X(6) VALUE SPACES.
05 PART-NUMBER PIC X(8).
05 PIC X(5) VALUE SPACES.
05 QUANTITY PIC Z,ZZZ.
05 PIC X(3) VALUE SPACES.
05 STOCK-AVAILABLE PIC X(3).
05 PIC X(5) VALUE SPACES.
05 SHIP-MESSAGE PIC X(4).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
100-MAIN.
SORT ORDERS-FILE-SORT
ON ASCENDING KEY REQUEST-DATE-S
ON ASCENDING KEY CUST-NUMBER-S
ON ASCENDING KEY CUST-ORDER-NUMBER-S
ON ASCENDING KEY PART-NUMBER-S
INPUT PROCEDURE 200-SORT-SELECTION
OUTPUT PROCEDURE 300-FILE-START
STOP RUN.
200-SORT-SELECTION.
OPEN INPUT ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN
ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN
ACCEPT WS-DATE FROM DATE
MOVE RUN-MONTH TO MONTH-1
MOVE RUN-DAY TO DAY-1
MOVE RUN-YEAR TO YEAR-1
PERFORM UNTIL ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS = 'NO '
READ ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN
AT END
MOVE 'NO' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
NOT AT END
PERFORM 210-SORT-ADD-PRIOR
END-READ
END-PERFORM
MOVE 'YES' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
PERFORM UNTIL ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS = 'NO '
READ ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN
AT END
MOVE 'NO' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
NOT AT END
PERFORM 220-SORT-ADD-NEW
END-READ
END-PERFORM
MOVE 'YES' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
CLOSE ORDERS-FILE-NEW-IN
ORDERS-FILE-PRIOR-IN.
210-SORT-ADD-PRIOR.
MOVE ORDERS-RECORD-PRIOR-IN TO ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
MOVE MONTH-1 TO MONTH-TOTAL
MOVE YEAR-1 TO YEAR-TOTAL
MOVE REQUEST-YEAR-P-IN TO YEAR-CHECK
ADD 6 TO MONTH-TOTAL
IF MONTH-TOTAL > 12
SUBTRACT 12 FROM MONTH-TOTAL
END-IF
EVALUATE REQUEST-MONTH-P-IN
WHEN 01 IF MONTH-TOTAL = 1 OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 6 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 02 IF (MONTH-TOTAL = 1 OR 2) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 7 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 03 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 4) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 8 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 04 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 5) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL > 9 AND < 13)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 05 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 6) OR
(MONTH-TOTAL = 11 OR 12)
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 06 IF (MONTH-TOTAL > 0 AND < 7) OR
MONTH-TOTAL = 12
IF YEAR-CHECK - YEAR-1 = 0 OR 1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 07 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 1 AND < 8
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 08 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 2 AND < 9
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 09 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 3 AND < 10
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 10 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 4 AND < 11
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 11 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 5 AND < 12
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
WHEN 12 IF MONTH-TOTAL > 6 AND < 13
IF YEAR-CHECK = YEAR-1
RELEASE ORDERS-RECORD-SORT
END-IF
END-IF
END-EVALUATE.
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作为一名程序员（无论是 COBOL 还是其他程序员），您应该学习的第一件事就是确定您的真正需求是什么。您的作业要求比较两个日期，并在其中一个日期相隔 6 个月或更短的情况下执行某些操作。 6个月到底是什么意思？会是：183天；是月份数字加 6，在这种情况下，日期 2011-01-31 和 2011-07-01 将相隔 6 个月 – 但比 183 天的替代定义少了 33 天；其他定义也是可能的。日期，尤其是日期算术，可能会令人困惑。
接下来，请注意不同的日期格式：YYMMDD；年月月日； MMDDYYYY； DDMMYYYY 以及可能更多。
ACCEPT WS-DATE FROM DATE语句可能会为您提供与您期望的不同的日期格式（编译时选项和/或编译器安装默认值可能会影响该格式）。通常，请求明确的日期格式是更好的形式，如ACCEPT WS-YYYYMMDD FROM DATE YYYYMMDD。您的程序中的问题之一与此相关。您混淆了 2 位数和 4 位数年份，如下所示：将 4 位数年份移至两位数年份。你认为那里被截断了什么？这反过来又会弄乱你的整个
EVALUATE语句（我建议不要使用你在这个程序中的方式）。接下来，我认为您最好利用输入文件中向您呈现日期的方式。它们采用 YYYYMMDD 格式。您所需要做的就是计算当前日期 6 个月后的日期，并将其直接与输入文件中的日期进行比较。如果输入日期在数字上小于计算日期，则保留记录。
尝试这样的事情：
或者类似的事情......但是摆脱那个巨大的
EVALUATE。One of the first things you should learn as a programmer, COBOL or otherwise, is to nail down what your requirements really are. Your assignment is asking to compare two dates and perform certain actions if one is 6 months or less after another. Exactly what is the meaning of 6 months? Would it be: 183 days; would it be the month number plus 6, in such case, the dates 2011-01-31 and 2011-07-01 would be 6 months apart – but 33 days short of the 183 day alternative definition; other definitions are possible too. Dates, and date arithmetic in particular, can be confusing.
Next, beware of varying date formats: YYMMDD; YYYYMMDD; MMDDYYYY; DDMMYYYY and may more. The
ACCEPT WS-DATE FROM DATEstatement could be giving you a date format different from the one you are expecting (compile time options and/ or compiler installation defaults may affect the format). It is generally better form to request an explicit date format as inACCEPT WS-YYYYMMDD FROM DATE YYYYMMDD. One of the problems in your program is related to this. You are mixing up 2 and 4 digit years, as in:Moves a 4 digit year to a two digit year. What do you suppose got truncated there? That in turn messes up your entire
EVALUATEstatement (which I recommend not using the way you have in this program).Next I think you would be better off taking advantage of the way dates are presented to you in the input file. They are in YYYYMMDD format. All you need to do is calculate a date a date 6 months into the future from the current date and compare it directly to the date from the input file. If the input date is numerically less than the calculated date, keep the record.
Try something like:
Or something along these lines... but get rid of that huge
EVALUATE.如果您想知道某个日期是否提前 6 个月，我认为仅计算几个月比较容易
，
然后
您就完成了。
If you want to know if a date is 6 months ahead I think it's easier to calculate just months
Compare
With
and you are done.
我只能假设这已经太晚了，无法帮助完成家庭作业，但是使用内在的FUNCTION INTEGER-OF-DATE来比较未来的日期可能会更容易。之后您只需要进行整数比较即可。假设日期在 16010101 和 99991231 的范围内，您应该可以开始（公历）。
I can only assume this is too late to help with the homework, but compares of future dates may be easier with the intrinsic FUNCTION INTEGER-OF-DATE. You simply need integer compares after that. Assuming the dates are within the range of 16010101 and 99991231 you should be good to go (Gregorian).
也许您需要在 IF 内的年份加 1？
我什至不会尝试用 COBOL 编写它
Maybe you need to add 1 to the year inside that IF?
I won't even try to write it in COBOL
我建议在程序开始时
计算未来日期：
这比 Evaluate 简单得多
I would suggest at the start of the program
To calculate the future date:
This is much simpler than the Evaluate