如何使用 Text::CSV 使 LWP 和 HTML::TableExtract 吐出 CSV

发布于 2024-10-18 20:17:54 字数 5836 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我目前正在开发一个小型解析器。

我的第一个脚本取得了非常好的结果!这能跑得很好! 它从页面获取数据: http://192.68.214.70 /km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=n&a=20 (注意 6142 条记录) - 但请注意 - 数据没有分离,因此后续处理数据有点困难。因此我有第二个脚本 - 见下文!

注意 - 朋友帮助我完成了这两个脚本。我需要介绍自己,作为一名真正的新手,需要二合一迁移帮助。所以,你看,我的 Perl 知识还没有那么丰富,我无法自己迁移到 Perl 知识!任何和所有的帮助都会很棒!

第一个脚本:蜘蛛和解析器:它吐出这样的数据:

lfd. Nr. Schul- nummer Schulname Straße PLZ Ort Telefon Fax Schulart Webseite
1 0401 Mädchenrealschule Marienburg, Abenberg, der Diözese Eichstätt Marienburg 1 91183  Abenberg   09178/509210  Realschulen  mrs-marienburg.homepage.t-online.de 
2 6581 Volksschule Abenberg (Grundschule) Güssübelstr. 2 91183  Abenberg   09178/215 09178/905060 Volksschulen  home.t-online.de/home/vs-abenberg 
3 6913 Mittelschule Abenberg  Güssübelstr. 2 91183  Abenberg   09178/215 09178/905060 Volksschulen  home.t-online.de/home/vs-abenberg 
4 0402 Johann-Turmair-Realschule Staatliche Realschule Abensberg Stadionstraße 46 93326  Abensberg   09443/9143-0,12,13 09443/914330 Realschulen  www.rs-abensberg.de 

但我需要分隔数据:用逗号或类似的东西!

我还有第二个脚本。这部分可以做CSV格式。我想将它与蜘蛛逻辑结合起来。但首先让我们看一下第一个脚本:具有出色的蜘蛛逻辑。

查看适当的代码:

 #!/usr/bin/perl
    use strict;
    use warnings;
    use HTML::TableExtract;
    use LWP::Simple;
    use Cwd;
    use POSIX qw(strftime);
    my $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;
    my $total_records = 0;
    my $suchbegriffe = "e";
    my $treffer = 50;
    my $range = 0;
    my $url_to_process = "http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=";
    my $processdir = "processing";
    my $counter = 50;
    my $displaydate = "";
    my $percent = 0;

    &workDir();
    chdir $processdir;
    &processURL();
    print "\nPress <enter> to continue\n";
    <>;
    $displaydate = strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', localtime);
    open OUTFILE, ">webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt";
    &processData();
    close OUTFILE;
    print "Finished processing $total_records records...\n";
    print "Processed data saved to $ENV{HOME}/$processdir/webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt\n";
    unlink 'processing.html';
    die "\n";

    sub processURL() {
    print "\nProcessing $url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range\n";
    getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'tempfile.html') or die 'Unable to get page';

       while( <tempfile.html> ) {
          open( FH, "$_" ) or die;
          while( <FH> ) {
             if( $_ =~ /^.*?(Treffer <b>)(d+)( - )(d+)(</b> w+ w+ <b>)(d+).*/ ) {
                $total_records = $6;
                print "Total records to process is $total_records\n";
                }
             }
             close FH;
       }
       unlink 'tempfile.html';
    }

    sub processData() {
       while ( $range <= $total_records) {
          getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'processing.html') or die 'Unable to get page';
          $te->parse_file('processing.html');
          my ($table) = $te->tables;
          for my $row ( $table->rows ) {
             cleanup(@$row);
             print OUTFILE "@$row\n";
          }
          $| = 1; 
          print "Processed records $range to $counter";
          print "\r";
          $counter = $counter + 50;
          $range = $range + 50;
          $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;
       }
    }

    sub cleanup() {
       for ( @_ ) {
          s/s+/ /g;
       }
    }

    sub workDir() {
    # Use home directory to process data
    chdir or die "$!";
    if ( ! -d $processdir ) {
       mkdir ("$ENV{HOME}/$processdir", 0755) or die "Cannot make directory $processdir: $!";
       }
    }  

但是由于上面的脚本不幸地不关心分隔符,我不得不关心一个方法,该方法确实会查找分隔符。为了得到分离的数据(输出)。

因此,通过分离,我可以处理数据 - 并将其存储在 mysql-table 中..或者做其他事情...所以这里[下面]是这些位 - 计算出 csv-formate 注意 - 我想要将下面的代码放入上面的代码中 - 将上述代码的蜘蛛逻辑与以 CSV 格式输出数据的逻辑结合起来。 在代码中的哪里设置问题:我们可以确定这一点以将一个点迁移到另一个点...!? 那真是太棒了...我希望我能明确我的想法...!?我们是否能够利用这两个部分(/scripts)的优势将它们迁移到一个部分?

所以问题是:在脚本中将 CSV 脚本设置到哪里(上图)

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use LWP::Simple;
use HTML::TableExtract;
use Text::CSV;

my $html= get 'http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=a&a=20';
$html =~ tr/\r//d;     # strip carriage returns
$html =~ s/&nbsp;/ /g; # expand spaces

my $te = new HTML::TableExtract();
$te->parse($html);

my @cols = qw(
    rownum
    number
    name
    phone
    type
    website
);

my @fields = qw(
    rownum
    number
    name
    street
    postal
    town
    phone
    fax
    type
    website
);

my $csv = Text::CSV->new({ binary => 1 });

foreach my $ts ($te->table_states) {
    foreach my $row ($ts->rows) {

        #  trim leading/trailing whitespace from base fields
        s/^\s+//, s/\s+$// for @$row;

        # load the fields into the hash using a "hash slice"
        my %h;
        @h{@cols} = @$row;

        # derive some fields from base fields, again using a hash slice
        @h{qw/name street postal town/} = split /\n+/, $h{name};
        @h{qw/phone fax/} = split /\n+/, $h{phone};

        #  trim leading/trailing whitespace from derived fields
        s/^\s+//, s/\s+$// for @h{qw/name street postal town/};

        $csv->combine(@h{@fields});
        print $csv->string, "\n";
    }
}

问题是我使用第一个脚本取得了非常好的结果!它从页面获取数据: http://192.68.214.70 /km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=n&a=20 (注意 6142 条记录) - 但注意 - 数据没有分开......!

我还有第二个脚本。这部分可以做CSV格式。我想将它与蜘蛛逻辑结合起来。

要插入的部分在哪里?我期待任何和所有的帮助。

如果我必须更精确 - 请告诉我......

I am currently working on a little parser.

i have had very good results with the first script! This was able to run great!
It fetches the data from the page: http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=n&a=20
(note 6142 records) - But note - the data are not separated, so the subequent work with the data is a bit difficult. Therefore i have a second script - see below!

Note - friends helped me with the both scripts. I need to introduce myself as a true novice who needs help in migration two in one. So, you see, my Perl-knowlgedge is not so elaborated that i am able to do the migration into one on my own! Any and all help would be great!

The first script: a spider and parser: it spits out the data like this:

lfd. Nr. Schul- nummer Schulname Straße PLZ Ort Telefon Fax Schulart Webseite
1 0401 Mädchenrealschule Marienburg, Abenberg, der Diözese Eichstätt Marienburg 1 91183  Abenberg   09178/509210  Realschulen  mrs-marienburg.homepage.t-online.de 
2 6581 Volksschule Abenberg (Grundschule) Güssübelstr. 2 91183  Abenberg   09178/215 09178/905060 Volksschulen  home.t-online.de/home/vs-abenberg 
3 6913 Mittelschule Abenberg  Güssübelstr. 2 91183  Abenberg   09178/215 09178/905060 Volksschulen  home.t-online.de/home/vs-abenberg 
4 0402 Johann-Turmair-Realschule Staatliche Realschule Abensberg Stadionstraße 46 93326  Abensberg   09443/9143-0,12,13 09443/914330 Realschulen  www.rs-abensberg.de 

But i need to separate the data: with commas or someting like that!

And i have a second script. This part can do the CSV-formate. i want to ombine it with the spider-logic. But first lets have a look at the first script: with the great spider-logic.

see the code that is appropiate:

 #!/usr/bin/perl
    use strict;
    use warnings;
    use HTML::TableExtract;
    use LWP::Simple;
    use Cwd;
    use POSIX qw(strftime);
    my $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;
    my $total_records = 0;
    my $suchbegriffe = "e";
    my $treffer = 50;
    my $range = 0;
    my $url_to_process = "http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=";
    my $processdir = "processing";
    my $counter = 50;
    my $displaydate = "";
    my $percent = 0;

    &workDir();
    chdir $processdir;
    &processURL();
    print "\nPress <enter> to continue\n";
    <>;
    $displaydate = strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', localtime);
    open OUTFILE, ">webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt";
    &processData();
    close OUTFILE;
    print "Finished processing $total_records records...\n";
    print "Processed data saved to $ENV{HOME}/$processdir/webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt\n";
    unlink 'processing.html';
    die "\n";

    sub processURL() {
    print "\nProcessing $url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range\n";
    getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'tempfile.html') or die 'Unable to get page';

       while( <tempfile.html> ) {
          open( FH, "$_" ) or die;
          while( <FH> ) {
             if( $_ =~ /^.*?(Treffer <b>)(d+)( - )(d+)(</b> w+ w+ <b>)(d+).*/ ) {
                $total_records = $6;
                print "Total records to process is $total_records\n";
                }
             }
             close FH;
       }
       unlink 'tempfile.html';
    }

    sub processData() {
       while ( $range <= $total_records) {
          getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'processing.html') or die 'Unable to get page';
          $te->parse_file('processing.html');
          my ($table) = $te->tables;
          for my $row ( $table->rows ) {
             cleanup(@$row);
             print OUTFILE "@$row\n";
          }
          $| = 1; 
          print "Processed records $range to $counter";
          print "\r";
          $counter = $counter + 50;
          $range = $range + 50;
          $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;
       }
    }

    sub cleanup() {
       for ( @_ ) {
          s/s+/ /g;
       }
    }

    sub workDir() {
    # Use home directory to process data
    chdir or die "$!";
    if ( ! -d $processdir ) {
       mkdir ("$ENV{HOME}/$processdir", 0755) or die "Cannot make directory $processdir: $!";
       }
    }  

But as this-above script-unfortunatley does not take care for the separators i have had to take care for a method, that does look for separators. In order to get the data (output) separated.

So with the separation i am able to work with the data - and store it in a mysql-table.. or do something else...So here [below] are the bits - that work out the csv-formate Note - i want to put the code below into the code above - to combine the spider-logic of the above mentioned code with the logic of outputting the data in CSV-formate.
where to set in the code Question: can we identify this point to migrate the one into the other... !?
That would be amazing... I hope i could make clear what i have in mind...!? Are we able to use the benefits of the both parts (/scripts ) migrating them into one?

So the question is: where to set in with the CSV-Script into the script (above)

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use LWP::Simple;
use HTML::TableExtract;
use Text::CSV;

my $html= get 'http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=a&a=20';
$html =~ tr/\r//d;     # strip carriage returns
$html =~ s/ / /g; # expand spaces

my $te = new HTML::TableExtract();
$te->parse($html);

my @cols = qw(
    rownum
    number
    name
    phone
    type
    website
);

my @fields = qw(
    rownum
    number
    name
    street
    postal
    town
    phone
    fax
    type
    website
);

my $csv = Text::CSV->new({ binary => 1 });

foreach my $ts ($te->table_states) {
    foreach my $row ($ts->rows) {

        #  trim leading/trailing whitespace from base fields
        s/^\s+//, s/\s+$// for @$row;

        # load the fields into the hash using a "hash slice"
        my %h;
        @h{@cols} = @$row;

        # derive some fields from base fields, again using a hash slice
        @h{qw/name street postal town/} = split /\n+/, $h{name};
        @h{qw/phone fax/} = split /\n+/, $h{phone};

        #  trim leading/trailing whitespace from derived fields
        s/^\s+//, s/\s+$// for @h{qw/name street postal town/};

        $csv->combine(@h{@fields});
        print $csv->string, "\n";
    }
}

The thing is that i have had very good results with the first script! It fetches the data from the page: http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=n&a=20
(note 6142 records) - But note - the data are not separated...!

And i have a second script. This part can do the CSV-formate. i want to combine it with the spider-logic.

where is the part to insert? I look forward to any and all help.

if i have to be more precice - just let me know...

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南城追梦 2024-10-25 20:17:54

既然您已经输入了完整的脚本,我假设您想要对整个事情进行批评。

#!/usr/bin/perl
    use strict;
    use warnings;
    use HTML::TableExtract;
    use LWP::Simple;
    use Cwd;
    use POSIX qw(strftime);
    my $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;

既然您只在一个块中使用 $te ,为什么要在这个外部作用域中声明和初始化它呢?同样的问题适用于大多数变量——尝试在尽可能的最内层范围内声明它们。

    my $total_records = 0;
    my $suchbegriffe = "e";
    my $treffer = 50;

一般来说,英语变量名称将使您能够与比德语名称更多的人进行协作。我懂德语,所以我理解你的代码的意图,但大多数代码都不懂。

    my $range = 0;
    my $url_to_process = "http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=";
    my $processdir = "processing";
    my $counter = 50;
    my $displaydate = "";
    my $percent = 0;

    &workDir();

不要使用 & 来调用 subs。只需使用 workDir; 调用它们即可。自 1994 年以来就没有必要使用 &,并且它可能会导致令人讨厌的陷阱,因为 &callMySub; 是一种特殊情况,它不执行以下操作您可能会认为,虽然 callMySub; 做了正确的事情。

    chdir $processdir;
    &processURL();
    print "\nPress <enter> to continue\n";
    <>;
    $displaydate = strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', localtime);
    open OUTFILE, ">webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt";

现在一般首选词法文件句柄: open my $outfile, ">file"; 另外,您应该检查 open 中的错误或 use autodie; 来使 open die失败时。

    &processData();
    close OUTFILE;
    print "Finished processing $total_records records...\n";
    print "Processed data saved to $ENV{HOME}/$processdir/webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt\n";
    unlink 'processing.html';
    die "\n";

    sub processURL() {
    print "\nProcessing $url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range\n";
    getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'tempfile.html') or die 'Unable to get page';

       while( <tempfile.html> ) {
          open( FH, "$_" ) or die;
          while( <FH> ) {
             if( $_ =~ /^.*?(Treffer <b>)(d+)( - )(d+)(</b> w+ w+ <b>)(d+).*/ ) {
                $total_records = $6;
                print "Total records to process is $total_records\n";
                }
             }
             close FH;
       }
       unlink 'tempfile.html';
    }

    sub processData() {
       while ( $range <= $total_records) {
          getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'processing.html') or die 'Unable to get page';
          $te->parse_file('processing.html');
          my ($table) = $te->tables;
          for my $row ( $table->rows ) {
             cleanup(@$row);
             print OUTFILE "@$row\n";

如果您想用逗号分隔数据,则需要更改此行。看看 join 函数,它可以做你想做的事情。

          }
          $| = 1; 
          print "Processed records $range to $counter";
          print "\r";
          $counter = $counter + 50;
          $range = $range + 50;
          $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;
       }

在循环末尾而不是开头初始化 $te非常奇怪的。在循环顶部声明和初始化 $te 更为惯用。

    }

    sub cleanup() {
       for ( @_ ) {
          s/s+/ /g;

您是指 s/\s+/ /g; 吗?

       }
    }

    sub workDir() {
    # Use home directory to process data
    chdir or die "$!";
    if ( ! -d $processdir ) {
       mkdir ("$ENV{HOME}/$processdir", 0755) or die "Cannot make directory $processdir: $!";
       }
    }  

我还没有评论你的第二个剧本;也许你应该把它作为一个单独的问题来问。

Since you have entered a complete script, I'll assume you want critique of the whole thing.

#!/usr/bin/perl
    use strict;
    use warnings;
    use HTML::TableExtract;
    use LWP::Simple;
    use Cwd;
    use POSIX qw(strftime);
    my $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;

Since you only use $te in one block, why are you declaring and initializing it in this outer scope? The same question applies to most of your variables -- try to declare them in the innermost scope possible.

    my $total_records = 0;
    my $suchbegriffe = "e";
    my $treffer = 50;

In general, english variable names will enable you to collaborate with far more people than german names. I understand german, so I understand the intent of your code, but most of SO doesn't.

    my $range = 0;
    my $url_to_process = "http://192.68.214.70/km/asps/schulsuche.asp?q=";
    my $processdir = "processing";
    my $counter = 50;
    my $displaydate = "";
    my $percent = 0;

    &workDir();

Don't use & to call subs. Just call them with workDir;. It hasn't been necessary to use & since 1994, and it can lead to a nasty gotcha because &callMySub; is a special case which doesn't do what you might think, while callMySub; does the Right Thing.

    chdir $processdir;
    &processURL();
    print "\nPress <enter> to continue\n";
    <>;
    $displaydate = strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', localtime);
    open OUTFILE, ">webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt";

Generally lexical filehandles are preferred these days: open my $outfile, ">file"; Also, you should check for errors from open or use autodie; to make open die on failure.

    &processData();
    close OUTFILE;
    print "Finished processing $total_records records...\n";
    print "Processed data saved to $ENV{HOME}/$processdir/webdata_for_$suchbegriffe\_$displaydate.txt\n";
    unlink 'processing.html';
    die "\n";

    sub processURL() {
    print "\nProcessing $url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range\n";
    getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'tempfile.html') or die 'Unable to get page';

       while( <tempfile.html> ) {
          open( FH, "$_" ) or die;
          while( <FH> ) {
             if( $_ =~ /^.*?(Treffer <b>)(d+)( - )(d+)(</b> w+ w+ <b>)(d+).*/ ) {
                $total_records = $6;
                print "Total records to process is $total_records\n";
                }
             }
             close FH;
       }
       unlink 'tempfile.html';
    }

    sub processData() {
       while ( $range <= $total_records) {
          getstore("$url_to_process$suchbegriffe&a=$treffer&s=$range", 'processing.html') or die 'Unable to get page';
          $te->parse_file('processing.html');
          my ($table) = $te->tables;
          for my $row ( $table->rows ) {
             cleanup(@$row);
             print OUTFILE "@$row\n";

This is the line to change if you want to put commas in separating your data. Look at the join function, it can do what you want.

          }
          $| = 1; 
          print "Processed records $range to $counter";
          print "\r";
          $counter = $counter + 50;
          $range = $range + 50;
          $te = HTML::TableExtract->new;
       }

It's very strange to initialize $te at the end of the loop instead of the beginning. It's much more idiomatic to declare and initialize $te at the top of the loop.

    }

    sub cleanup() {
       for ( @_ ) {
          s/s+/ /g;

Did you mean s/\s+/ /g;?

       }
    }

    sub workDir() {
    # Use home directory to process data
    chdir or die "$!";
    if ( ! -d $processdir ) {
       mkdir ("$ENV{HOME}/$processdir", 0755) or die "Cannot make directory $processdir: $!";
       }
    }  

I haven't commented on your second script; perhaps you should ask it as a separate question.

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