C++ 中奇怪的 cout 行为

发布于 2024-10-18 08:17:46 字数 1082 浏览 4 评论 0原文

在我的程序中使用 cout 时,我遇到了一些奇怪的行为,类似于以下内容:

...
char *input = realpath(argv[1], NULL);
char *output = argv[2];

char *tarout = new char[strlen(output)+6];
strcpy(tarout, output);
strcat(tarout, ".temp");

cout << "Tarout: " << tarout << endl;

int tRet = tarball(input, tarout);
if(tRet != 1) {
    cerr << "Error: Could not compress directory!\nHalting package creation!" << endl;
    return 0;
}

int gRet = gzip(tarout, output);
if(gRet != 1) {
    cerr << "Error: Could not compress directory!\nHalting package creation!" << endl;
    return 0;
} else {
    cout << "TAROUT: " << tarout << endl;
    if((remove(tarout))!=0) {
        cerr << "Warning: Could not delete temporary file!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
}
...

基本上这个程序创建一个 tar 文件,然后用 gzip 压缩它,这不是 100% 的实际代码,所以它可能不会产生与我收到的相同的奇怪行为。

如果我删除了第一个 cout << “塔鲁特:”<<芋头<< endl; 第二个cout << “塔鲁特:”<<芋头<< endl; 不会返回任何内容,并且临时文件不会被删除,这是为什么?

I am getting some weird behavior when using cout in my programm, which is similar to the following:

...
char *input = realpath(argv[1], NULL);
char *output = argv[2];

char *tarout = new char[strlen(output)+6];
strcpy(tarout, output);
strcat(tarout, ".temp");

cout << "Tarout: " << tarout << endl;

int tRet = tarball(input, tarout);
if(tRet != 1) {
    cerr << "Error: Could not compress directory!\nHalting package creation!" << endl;
    return 0;
}

int gRet = gzip(tarout, output);
if(gRet != 1) {
    cerr << "Error: Could not compress directory!\nHalting package creation!" << endl;
    return 0;
} else {
    cout << "TAROUT: " << tarout << endl;
    if((remove(tarout))!=0) {
        cerr << "Warning: Could not delete temporary file!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
}
...

Basically this program creates a tar file and then compresses it with gzip, this is not the 100% actual code so it may not give the same odd behavior as have I been receiving.

If I removed the first cout << "TAROUT: " << tarout << endl; the second cout << "TAROUT: " << tarout << endl; would return nothing and the temporary file would not get removed, why is that?

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评论(1

π浅易 2024-10-25 08:17:46

new/malloc 不初始化内存,所以我相当确定 tarout 末尾没有 NULL 终止符。

我怀疑如果您通过调试器运行原始代码或只是打印出 *(tarout+5),您会看到那里没有“0”。

鉴于您对 std::string 的使用进行重新评级的评论,我会写:

const char * file_ext = ".temp";

// no magic numbers...and an obvious + 1 for null terminator
size_t len = strlen(output)+strlen(file_ext)+1;

char *tarout = new char[len];

memset(tarout, 0, len);

strcpy(tarout, output);
strcat(tarout, file_ext);

// If you feel memset is wasteful, you can use
*(tarout+len-1) = 0;

...

new/malloc do not initialize memory, so I'm fairly certain that you have no NULL terminator at the end of tarout.

I suspect if you run your original code through a debugger or simply print out *(tarout+5), you would see that there is no '0' there.

Given your comments regrading the use of std::string, I would write:

const char * file_ext = ".temp";

// no magic numbers...and an obvious + 1 for null terminator
size_t len = strlen(output)+strlen(file_ext)+1;

char *tarout = new char[len];

memset(tarout, 0, len);

strcpy(tarout, output);
strcat(tarout, file_ext);

// If you feel memset is wasteful, you can use
*(tarout+len-1) = 0;

...
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