CSS：显示：内联块和定位：绝对

发布于 2024-10-18 05:03:05 字数 2395 浏览 1 评论 0原文

请考虑以下代码：

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <style type="text/css">
        .section {
            display: block;
            width: 200px;
            border: 1px dashed blue;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .element-left,
        .element-right-a,
        .element-right-b {
            display: inline-block;
            background-color: #ccc;
            vertical-align: top;
        }
        .element-right-a,
        .element-right-b {
            max-width: 100px;
        }
        .element-right-b {
            position: absolute;
            left: 100px;
        }
    </style>
    <title>test</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-a">some text</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-a">some more text to force line wrapping</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-b">some text</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-b">some more text to force line wrapping</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-b">some more text to force line wrapping</span>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

具有绝对定位的元素显然使包含框“忘记”了他需要的高度。

我需要“部分”框中的绝对定位，是否有其他解决方案？

编辑

使用表格并不是真正的选择，我需要某种“多级”/“嵌套”布局，其中第二列始终位于同一位置：（

| some text in first column       | some text in 2nd column
  | some indented text            | 2nd column
  | also indented                 | 2nd col
    | even more indent            | 2nd column with a lot of text that
                                  |  makes it wrap
  | text                          | ...
| blah blah                       | ...

当然没有“|” “s）

原文

Please consider the following code:

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    <style type="text/css">
        .section {
            display: block;
            width: 200px;
            border: 1px dashed blue;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .element-left,
        .element-right-a,
        .element-right-b {
            display: inline-block;
            background-color: #ccc;
            vertical-align: top;
        }
        .element-right-a,
        .element-right-b {
            max-width: 100px;
        }
        .element-right-b {
            position: absolute;
            left: 100px;
        }
    </style>
    <title>test</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-a">some text</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-a">some more text to force line wrapping</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-b">some text</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-b">some more text to force line wrapping</span>
    </div>
    <div class="section">
        <span class="element-left">some text</span>
        <span class="element-right-b">some more text to force line wrapping</span>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

The element with absolute positioning apparantly makes the containing box "forget" which height he needs.

I need the absolute positioning inside the "section" box, is there another solution for this?

edit

Using tables is not really an option, I need some sort of "multi-level"/"nested" layout, where the second col is always on the same position:

| some text in first column       | some text in 2nd column
  | some indented text            | 2nd column
  | also indented                 | 2nd col
    | even more indent            | 2nd column with a lot of text that
                                  |  makes it wrap
  | text                          | ...
| blah blah                       | ...

(of course whithout the "|"s)

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紫轩蝶泪 2024-10-25 05:03:05

当您使用 position:absolute; 时，该元素将从正常页面流中取出。因此它不再影响其容器元素的布局。所以容器元素不考虑它的高度，所以如果没有其他东西来设置高度，那么容器的高度将为零。

此外，设置 display:inline-block; 对于 position:absolute; 的元素没有任何意义。同样，这是因为绝对定位使元素脱离了页面流。这与 inline-block 不一致，后者的存在只是为了影响元素如何适应页面流。所有 position:absolute; 元素都会自动被视为 display:block，因为这是绝对定位的唯一逻辑显示模式。

如果您需要绝对定位，那么解决高度问题的唯一方法是设置容器框的高度。

不过，我怀疑你可以不用绝对定位。

看起来您想要做的是将每个块中的第二个定位到块中的固定位置，以便它们对齐。

这是一个经典的 CSS 问题。在“糟糕的旧时代”，网页设计师会使用表格来完成此操作，表格单元格的宽度固定。这显然不是当今网页设计师的答案，但却引起了很多问题。

使用 CSS 有多种方法可以做到这一点。

最简单的方法是将两个元素设置为 display:inline-block;，并为它们指定固定宽度。

例如：

<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left">some text</span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>

使用以下 CSS：

.section span  {display:inline-block;}
.element-left  {width:200px;}
.element-right {width:150px;}

[编辑]问题更新后

以下是我如何实现您现在所要求的：

<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left"><span class='indent-0'>some text</span></span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>
<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left"><span class='indent-1'>some text</span></span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>
<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left"><span class='indent-2'>some text</span></span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>

使用以下 CSS：

.section span  {display:inline-block;}
.element-left  {width:200px;}
.indent-1 {padding:10px;}
.indent-2 {padding:20px;}
.element-right {width:150px;}

少量的额外标记，但它确实实现了你想要的效果。

When you use position:absolute;, the element is taken out of the normal page flow. Therefore it no longer affects the layout of its container element. So the container element does not take into account its height, so if there's nothing else to set the height, then the container will be zero height.

Additionally, setting display:inline-block; does not make any sense for an element that is position:absolute;. Again, this is because absolute positioning takes the element out of the page flow. This is at odds with inline-block, which only exists to affect how the element fits into the page flow. All elements that are position:absolute; are automatically treated as display:block, since that's the only logical display mode for absolute positioning.

If you need absolute positioning, then the only solution to your height problem is to set the height of the container box.

However, I suspect that you could do without the absolute positioning.

It looks like what you're trying to do is position the second <span> in each block to a fixed position in the block, so that they line up.

This is a classic CSS problem. In the "bad-old-days", web designers would have done it using a table, with fixed widths on the table cells. This obviously isn't the answer for today's web designers, but it is something that causes a lot of questions.

There are a number of ways to do it using CSS.

The easiest is to set both the <span> elements to display:inline-block;, and give them both a fixed width.

eg:

<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left">some text</span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>

with the following CSS:

.section span  {display:inline-block;}
.element-left  {width:200px;}
.element-right {width:150px;}

[EDIT]after question has been updated

Here's how I would achieve what you're asking now:

<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left"><span class='indent-0'>some text</span></span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>
<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left"><span class='indent-1'>some text</span></span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>
<div class='section'>
    <span class="element-left"><span class='indent-2'>some text</span></span>
    <span class="element-right">some text</span>
</div>

with the following CSS:

.section span  {display:inline-block;}
.element-left  {width:200px;}
.indent-1 {padding:10px;}
.indent-2 {padding:20px;}
.element-right {width:150px;}

A small amount of extra markup, but it does achieve the effect you want.

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