如何测试 PHP 程序?

发布于 2024-10-18 01:14:53 字数 143 浏览 8 评论 0原文

有没有办法测试程序代码?我一直在研究 PHPUnit,它似乎是创建自动化测试的好方法。然而,它似乎是面向面向对象的代码,是否有过程代码的替代方案?

或者我应该在尝试测试网站之前将网站转换为面向对象?这可能需要一段时间,这有点问题,因为我没有太多时间可以浪费。

Is there any way of testing procedural code? I have been looking at PHPUnit which seems like a great way of creating automated tests. However, it seems to be geared towards object oriented code, are there any alternatives for procedural code?

Or should I convert the website to object oriented before attempting to test the website? This may take a while which is a bit of a problem as I don't have a lot of time to waste.

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魔法唧唧 2024-10-25 01:14:53

您可以使用 PHPUnit 测试程序代码。单元测试与面向对象编程无关。 他们测试代码单元。在面向对象中,代码单元是方法。在程序化 PHP 中,我猜它是一个完整的脚本(文件)。

虽然 OO 代码更容易维护和测试,但这并不意味着过程 PHP 无法测试。

例如,您有以下脚本:

simple_add.php

$arg1 = $_GET['arg1'];
$arg2 = $_GET['arg2'];
$return = (int)$arg1 + (int)$arg2;
echo $return;

您可以像这样测试它:

class testSimple_add extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {

    private function _execute(array $params = array()) {
        $_GET = $params;
        ob_start();
        include 'simple_add.php';
        return ob_get_clean();
    }

    public function testSomething() {
        $args = array('arg1'=>30, 'arg2'=>12);
        $this->assertEquals(42, $this->_execute($args)); // passes

        $args = array('arg1'=>-30, 'arg2'=>40);
        $this->assertEquals(10, $this->_execute($args)); // passes

        $args = array('arg1'=>-30);
        $this->assertEquals(10, $this->_execute($args)); // fails
    }

}

对于此示例,我声明了一个接受 GET 参数数组的 _execute 方法,捕获输出并返回它,而不是一遍又一遍地包含和捕获。然后,我使用 PHPUnit 的常规断言方法来比较输出。

当然,第三个断言将失败(尽管取决于 error_reporting),因为测试的脚本将给出 未定义索引 错误。

当然,测试的时候,应该把error_reporting放到E_ALL | E_STRICT

You can test procedural code with PHPUnit. Unit tests are not tied to object-oriented programming. They test units of code. In OO, a unit of code is a method. In procedural PHP, I guess it's a whole script (file).

While OO code is easier to maintain and to test, that doesn't mean procedural PHP cannot be tested.

Per example, you have this script:

simple_add.php

$arg1 = $_GET['arg1'];
$arg2 = $_GET['arg2'];
$return = (int)$arg1 + (int)$arg2;
echo $return;

You could test it like this:

class testSimple_add extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase {

    private function _execute(array $params = array()) {
        $_GET = $params;
        ob_start();
        include 'simple_add.php';
        return ob_get_clean();
    }

    public function testSomething() {
        $args = array('arg1'=>30, 'arg2'=>12);
        $this->assertEquals(42, $this->_execute($args)); // passes

        $args = array('arg1'=>-30, 'arg2'=>40);
        $this->assertEquals(10, $this->_execute($args)); // passes

        $args = array('arg1'=>-30);
        $this->assertEquals(10, $this->_execute($args)); // fails
    }

}

For this example, I've declared an _execute method that accepts an array of GET parameters, capture the output and return it, instead of including and capturing over and over. I then compare the output using the regular assertions methods from PHPUnit.

Of course, the third assertion will fail (depends on error_reporting though), because the tested script will give an Undefined index error.

Of course, when testing, you should put error_reporting to E_ALL | E_STRICT.

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