如何使用 apache http 客户端库 4.1 设置自定义用户代理？

Question

如何使 HTTPClient 使用自定义 User-Agent 标头？

以下代码提交空用户代理。我缺少什么？

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.params.CoreProtocolPNames;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class TestHTTP {

        public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
        HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://tool.keepmeapi.com/echo");

        HttpContext HTTP_CONTEXT = new BasicHttpContext();
        HTTP_CONTEXT.setAttribute(CoreProtocolPNames.USER_AGENT, "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.2.13) Gecko/20101206 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.13");
        request.setHeader("Referer", "http://www.google.com");

        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request, HTTP_CONTEXT);

        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() < 200 || response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() >= 400) {
            throw new IOException("Got bad response, error code = " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        }

        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        if (entity != null) {
            System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(entity));
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        }
    }

}

Answer 1

注意： 该解决方案适用于使用旧版 httpcomponents 4.2 及之前版本的用户。

行

request.setHeader("User-Agent", "MySuperUserAgent");

缺少 。添加它并享受。

Answer 2

注意：从 httpcomponents 4.3 开始，此解决方案已弃用。

您还可以设置全局用户代理值而不是每个请求：

String userAgent = "NewUseAgent/1.0";
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
httpclient.getParams().setParameter(CoreProtocolPNames.USER_AGENT, userAgent);

Answer 3

对于 httpcomponents 4.3，您应该使用客户端构建器来设置用户代理：

HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
                            .setUserAgent("my UserAgent 5.0")
                            .build();

httpClient.execute(new HttpGet("http://www.google.de"));