如何在一个线程中杀死另一个线程

Question

实际上，主要场景是：从主线程有两个线程正在运行。通过使用条件变量，两个线程将运行和睡眠，然后它将返回主线程。我的意思是我不想要不同的输出模式。只有一种模式:from main->thread1->thread2->main。 我写了一个C线程的代码。它有时显示我想要的结果，有时不显示。例如，输出是：

I am in thread 1 
before conditional wait
I am in thread 2
before conditional release
i am again in thread 2
i am again in thread 1
main exits here

问题是有时“main exits here”不执行。请帮助我。需要注意的是我不能使用 pthread_join()。下面给出了我的代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

pthread_mutex_t gLock;
pthread_cond_t gCondition;

pthread_mutex_t mLock;
pthread_cond_t mCondition;

void initialize()
{
      pthread_mutex_init(&gLock, NULL);
      pthread_cond_init (&gCondition, NULL);
      pthread_mutex_init(&mLock, NULL);
      pthread_cond_init (&mCondition, NULL);

      return;
}

void * threadOne(void * msg)
{
    printf("%s \n",(char*) msg);
    printf("before conditional wait\n");

    pthread_mutex_lock(&gLock);
    pthread_cond_wait(&gCondition,&gLock);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&gLock);

    printf("i am again in thread 1\n");

    pthread_mutex_lock(&mLock);
    pthread_cond_signal(&mCondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mLock);

}

void * threadTwo(void * msg)
{
    printf("%s\n",(char*)msg);
    printf("before conditional release\n");
    pthread_mutex_lock(&gLock);
    pthread_cond_signal(&gCondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&gLock);
    printf("i am again in thread 2\n");

}

int main()
{
        pthread_t thread1;
        pthread_t thread2;

        char * msg1="I am in thread 1";
        char * msg2="I am in thread 2";
        initialize();

        pthread_create(&thread1,NULL,threadOne,(void*) msg1);
        pthread_create(&thread2,NULL,threadTwo,(void*) msg2);

        pthread_mutex_lock(&mLock);
        pthread_cond_wait(&mCondition,&mLock);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mLock);

        printf("main exits here");

        return 0;
}

Answer 1

问题是您错误地使用了条件变量。条件变量只是一种通知机制，而不是标志。除了当前正在等待的线程列表之外，它没有任何内部状态。因此，如果当其他线程调用 pthread_cond_signal() 时 main() 尚未实际执行到 pthread_cond_wait() 调用，则信号丢失，main() 将永远等待。

您需要使用与条件变量关联的单独标志。然后，main() 可以检查该标志，并且仅在未设置该标志时等待。此外，它必须在循环中检查此标志，以确保处理“虚假唤醒”，其中 pthread_cond_wait() 返回但没有相应的信号。这同样适用于 threadOne 和 threadTwo 之间的通知。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

pthread_mutex_t gLock;
pthread_cond_t gCondition;
int gFlag=0;

pthread_mutex_t mLock;
pthread_cond_t mCondition;
int mFlag=0;

void initialize()
{
    pthread_mutex_init(&gLock, NULL);
    pthread_cond_init (&gCondition, NULL);
    pthread_mutex_init(&mLock, NULL);
    pthread_cond_init (&mCondition, NULL);
}

void * threadOne(void * msg)
{
    printf("%s \n",(char*) msg);
    printf("before conditional wait\n");

    pthread_mutex_lock(&gLock);
    while(!gFlag)
    {
        pthread_cond_wait(&gCondition,&gLock);
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&gLock);

    printf("i am again in thread 1\n");

    pthread_mutex_lock(&mLock);
    mFlag=1;
    pthread_cond_signal(&mCondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mLock);

}

void * threadTwo(void * msg)
{
    printf("%s\n",(char*)msg);
    printf("before conditional release\n");
    pthread_mutex_lock(&gLock);
    gFlag=1;
    pthread_cond_signal(&gCondition);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&gLock);
    printf("i am again in thread 2\n");

}

int main()
{
    pthread_t thread1;
    pthread_t thread2;

    char * msg1="I am in thread 1";
    char * msg2="I am in thread 2";
    initialize();

    pthread_create(&thread1,NULL,threadOne,(void*) msg1);
    pthread_create(&thread2,NULL,threadTwo,(void*) msg2);

    pthread_mutex_lock(&mLock);
    while(!mFlag)
    {
        pthread_cond_wait(&mCondition,&mLock);
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mLock);

    printf("main exits here");

    return 0;
}