Perl utf8 不太适合我的脚本

Question

我在编写的 perl 脚本上遇到 utf-8 支持问题。该脚本用于发送 html 电子邮件消息。 html 消息以 UTF-8 格式保存在 PostgreSQL 数据库中。一切似乎都正常，但有时当我收到来自脚本的电子邮件时，我仍然会收到损坏 - “�”。

在脚本的开头，我有：

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use utf8;
use Encode;
use MIME::Base64;
use MIME::Lite;  

my $connection = DBI->connect('dbi:Pg:dbname='.$db_name.';host='.$db_host.'', $db_user,$db_pass, { AutoCommit=>1, PrintError => 1, pg_enable_utf8 => 1 });

my $fetchHtml = $connection->prepare('SELECT * FROM emails ORDER BY n_id DESC LIMIT 1');
$fetchHtml->execute();

my $message = $fetchHtml->fetchrow_hashref();

my $sendMsg = MIME::Lite->build(
    Encoding    => 'quoted-printable',
    Type        => 'multipart',
    To          => '<[email protected]>',
    From        => '<[email protected]>',
    Subject     => encode("MIME-B", $message->{'title'}),
    Data        => decode_entities($message->{'html'})
);

$sendMsg->attr("Content-Type" => "text/html; charset=utf-8;");

$sendMsg->send_by_smtp('127.0.0.1', Timeout =>30, Debug => 0, SkipBad => 1);

我想知道我做错了什么，为什么我总是得到很酷的“�”符号？ :)

另一件事是，当我执行脚本时，我遇到了这个异常：

Uncaught exception from user code:
    Wide character in subroutine entry at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/MIME/Lite.pm line 2259.
at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/MIME/Lite.pm line 2259
    MIME::Lite::print_simple_body('MIME::Lite=HASH(0xa51b9c8)', 'MIME::Lite::SMTP=GLOB(0xa5b8888)', 1) called at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/MIME/Lite.pm line 2191
    MIME::Lite::print_body('MIME::Lite=HASH(0xa51b9c8)', 'MIME::Lite::SMTP=GLOB(0xa5b8888)', 1) called at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/MIME/Lite.pm line 2126
    MIME::Lite::print_for_smtp('MIME::Lite=HASH(0xa51b9c8)', 'MIME::Lite::SMTP=GLOB(0xa5b8888)') called at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/MIME/Lite.pm line 2897
    MIME::Lite::send_by_smtp('MIME::Lite=HASH(0xa51b9c8)', 'bla.example.com', 'Timeout', 30, 'Debug', 0, 'SkipBad', 1) called at ./advanced-daemon.pl line 354
    main::send_mail('Subject Title' <webmaster@testing>', '[email protected]', 'HASH(0xa518630)') called at ./advanced-daemon.pl line 225
    main::sendEmailsToSubscribers('DBI::db=HASH(0xa517f40)', 24, 'HASH(0xa518630)') called at ./advanced-daemon.pl line 136

我无法理解到底是什么问题，但我认为它与 utf8 有关。 任何帮助将非常感激..:)

Answer 1

首先，仅当 quellcode 中包含 unicode 字符时，才需要使用 utf8。那么 decode_entities($message->{'html'}) 也是错误的。仅使用 $message->{'html'}。
数据库默认必须是utf8。然后添加 Encoding => “8 位”。这对我来说很好用。

您的 MIME::Lite 是错误的：请参阅 http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=105262 一个很好的例子

Answer 2

在我的代码中，我使用 multipart 类型，这是似乎可以正常工作的版本。

my $mail_htm = 'Text of the email with utf8 characters like these: ľščťžýáíúäô';
my $msg = MIME::Lite->new(
    From      =>'[email protected]',
    'Reply-To'=>'[email protected]',
    To        =>'[email protected]',
    Subject   => 'Simple ascii non-utf8 subject',
    Type      =>'multipart/mixed'
);
my $msg_body = MIME::Lite->new(
    Type    =>'multipart/alternative'
);
$msg_body->attach(
    Type    =>'text/html; charset=UTF-8',
    Encoding=>'quoted-printable',
    Data    =>$mail_htm
);
$msg->attach($msg_body);

对于这个主题，我没有太多使用 utf8 编码，因为我不需要它太多，而且我发现的几个解决方案都不起作用。