使用特殊字符快速反序列化 XML 的方法

Question

我正在寻找快速反序列化 xml 的方法，其中包含特殊字符，如 ö。

我正在使用 XMLReader，但它无法反序列化此类字符。

有什么建议吗？

编辑：我正在使用 C#。 代码如下：

XElement element =.. //has the xml
XmlSerializer serializer =   new XmlSerializer(typeof(MyType));
XmlReader reader = element.CreateReader();
Object o= serializer.Deserialize(reader);

Answer 1

我猜您遇到了编码问题，而不是在 中XMLReader 但使用 XmlSerializer。

您可以使用XmlTextWriter 和 XmlSerializer 就像下面的代码片段一样（请参阅下面的通用方法以获得更好的实现方式）。与元音变音 (äöü) 和其他特殊字符配合得很好。

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        SpecialCharacters specialCharacters = new SpecialCharacters { Umlaute = "äüö" };

        // serialize object to xml

        MemoryStream memoryStreamSerialize = new MemoryStream();
        XmlSerializer xmlSerializerSerialize = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SpecialCharacters));
        XmlTextWriter xmlTextWriterSerialize = new XmlTextWriter(memoryStreamSerialize, Encoding.UTF8);

        xmlSerializerSerialize.Serialize(xmlTextWriterSerialize, specialCharacters);
        memoryStreamSerialize = (MemoryStream)xmlTextWriterSerialize.BaseStream;

        // converts a byte array of unicode values (UTF-8 enabled) to a string
        UTF8Encoding encodingSerialize = new UTF8Encoding();
        string serializedXml = encodingSerialize.GetString(memoryStreamSerialize.ToArray());

        xmlTextWriterSerialize.Close();
        memoryStreamSerialize.Close();
        memoryStreamSerialize.Dispose();

        // deserialize xml to object

        // converts a string to a UTF-8 byte array.
        UTF8Encoding encodingDeserialize = new UTF8Encoding();
        byte[] byteArray = encodingDeserialize.GetBytes(serializedXml);

        using (MemoryStream memoryStreamDeserialize = new MemoryStream(byteArray))
        {
            XmlSerializer xmlSerializerDeserialize = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SpecialCharacters));
            XmlTextWriter xmlTextWriterDeserialize = new XmlTextWriter(memoryStreamDeserialize, Encoding.UTF8);

            SpecialCharacters deserializedObject = (SpecialCharacters)xmlSerializerDeserialize.Deserialize(xmlTextWriterDeserialize.BaseStream);
        }
    }
}

[Serializable]
public class SpecialCharacters
{
    public string Umlaute { get; set; }
}

我个人使用以下通用方法来序列化和反序列化 XML 和对象，并且尚未遇到任何性能或编码问题。

public static string SerializeObjectToXml<T>(T obj)
{
    MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
    XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
    XmlTextWriter xmlTextWriter = new XmlTextWriter(memoryStream, Encoding.UTF8);

    xmlSerializer.Serialize(xmlTextWriter, obj);
    memoryStream = (MemoryStream)xmlTextWriter.BaseStream;

    string xmlString = ByteArrayToStringUtf8(memoryStream.ToArray());

    xmlTextWriter.Close();
    memoryStream.Close();
    memoryStream.Dispose();

    return xmlString;
}

public static T DeserializeXmlToObject<T>(string xml)
{
    using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(StringToByteArrayUtf8(xml)))
    {
        XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

        using (StreamReader xmlStreamReader = new StreamReader(memoryStream, Encoding.UTF8))
        {
            return (T)xmlSerializer.Deserialize(xmlStreamReader);
        }
    }
}

public static string ByteArrayToStringUtf8(byte[] value)
{
    UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();
    return encoding.GetString(value);
}

public static byte[] StringToByteArrayUtf8(string value)
{
    UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();
    return encoding.GetBytes(value);
}

Answer 2

对我有用的方法类似于@martin-buberl 的建议：

public static T DeserializeXmlToObject<T>(string xml)
{
    using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xml)))
    {
        XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
        StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(memoryStream, Encoding.UTF8);
        return (T)xmlSerializer.Deserialize(reader);
    }
}

Answer 3

最简单的方法是将字符从任何编码转换为 Base64 编码。 Base64 可转换可打印字符列表中的任何字符串，从而无需执行“5000 次转换”。

Serializable_Class class = new Serializable_Class();

string xml_string1 = SOME_XML1;
string xml_string2 = SOME_XML2;
string xml_string3 = SOME_XML3;

class .item1 = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xml_string1));
class .item2 = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xml_string2));
class .item3 = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xml_string3));

System.IO.MemoryStream payload_stream = new System.IO.MemoryStream();

System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer payload_generator = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(class.GetType());

payload_generator.Serialize(payload_stream, class);

byte[] serialised_class = payload_stream.ToArray();

payload_stream.Close();
payload_stream.Dispose();

将要序列化的类的字符串必须转换为 Base64 字符串。必须启动 MemoryStream 对象才能操作内存中序列化过程的二进制信息。然后，必须创建 XmlSerializer 对象以使用 Serialize() 方法序列化该对象。 MemoryStream 对象必须作为参数传递，以便 XmlSerializer 能够操作内存中的数据。序列化完成后，可以通过调用ToArray()方法从MemoryStream的二进制数据中提取序列化后的对象，得到MemoryStream内的所有二进制信息作为字节数组。