用于启动的 GIS API / shapefile（免费或低成本）
Q1.我正在寻找有关启动时使用哪种 GIS/Mapping API 的建议。该应用程序将需要地理编码、街道级地图、位置标记以及在地图上显示数据，但仅此而已。 （我对 GIS 不太熟悉，所以我希望这是有道理的。）
Google Maps API 显然对前一百万（？）页面浏览量或类似的东西收取 10,000 美元。另外，我担心其他限制性条款 - 例如谷歌可以访问我的专有数据。
Q2。是否有真正免费的来源（政府？）提供质量不错的美国街头形状文件？ 开放街道地图听起来像是一个开源解决方案，但它采用 GPL 许可证，这意味着我的专有数据将成为公共领域。 （对吗？）
谢谢！
Q1. I'm looking for suggestions on which GIS/Mapping API to use for a startup. The app will need geocoding, street level maps, location tagging, and displaying data on the map, but not much else. (I'm faily new to GIS, so I hope this makes sense.)
Google Maps API apparently charges $10,000 for first million (?) pageviews or something like that. Plus I'm concerned about other restrictive terms - such as google having access to my proprietary data.
Q2. Is there a truly free source (govt.?) for street-level USA shapefiles that are decent quality?
Open street maps sounds like an open source solution, but it's under a GPL license, meaning my proprietary data would become public domain. (right?)
Thanks!
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既然您提到了 Google 地图，我想您正在寻找网络解决方案？查看开放街道地图，还有地理名称。
osgeo.org 上还有大量（开源）GIS 资源。
政府确实提供了一些参考数据。然而，“政府”并不自动意味着“公共领域”。据我所知，政府没有中央地理信息库；每个机构出于不同目的收集和发布数据。您可以在 Nasa 找到一些，还有一些在 人口普查局等。寻找它是一件苦差事。谷歌是你的朋友。
另外，当您说“限制性”时，请记住，收集准确的 GIS 数据极其 成本高昂且劳动密集型。
Since you mentioned Google Maps, I'm thinking you are looking for web solutions? Check out Open Street Map, also GeoNames.
There are also lots of (open source) GIS resources at osgeo.org.
The government does provide some reference data. However, "government" doesn't automatically mean "public domain". As far as I know there's no central gis repository for the government; each agency collects and publishes data for different purposes. You can find some at Nasa, some at the Census Bureau, etc. Hunting it down is a chore. Google is your friend.
Also, when you say "restrictive", keep in mind that collecting accurate GIS data is extremely expensive and labor-intensive.
A2：如果您根据自己的数据和 OSM 数据创建衍生作品，那么如果您要分发它，则必须在 GPL 许可下进行。如果您愿意，您可以将其全部保留给您自己，或者在组织内部使用它（可能）。分发是 GPL 真正涵盖的内容。
因此，假设您有交通事故数据（属于您的），并且您使用 OSM 数据 (GPL) 创建 Web 地图，并将您的事故置于路线图之上，您的数据不会成为公共领域。您不是在分发新的衍生产品。
但是，如果您使用交通事件数据创建新的数据集，则无法使用限制复制和分发的许可证将其放在互联网上（因为 OSM 组件“感染”整个数据集）。
据我了解，我不是律师等。虽然我确实有一个正在攻读法学博士学位的女朋友，并且我读了她的一些教科书......
A2: If you create a derivative work from your data and OSM data then IF you distribute it you have to do it under a GPL license. You can keep it all to yourself if you like, or use it internally in an organisation (possibly). Distribution is the thing the GPL really covers.
So suppose you have traffic incident data (which is yours) and you use OSM data (GPL) to create a web map with your incidents on top of a road map, your data doesn't become public domain. You're not distributing a new derived product.
But if you use your traffic incident data to create a new data set you can't put that on the internet with a license that restricts copying and distribution (because the OSM component 'infects' the whole data set).
As I understand it, I am not a lawyer etc. Although I did have a girlfriend doing a PhD in Law and I read some of her textbooks...
解决 Google 地图的价格 - 如果您在公共网络服务器上使用它，它是完全免费的。如果您在锁定的解决方案中、登录后或在内联网等上使用它，那么您将需要付费。但不知道总数。
Addressing the price of Google Maps - it is completely free if you use it on an publicly available web server. If you use it in a locked in solution, behind login or on your intranet or such, then you will have to pay. No idea about the sum though.