F# 中未抛出 System.ArithmeticException

发布于 2024-10-14 03:41:46 字数 335 浏览 3 评论 0原文

考虑以下代码,

let a = 5. / 0.
let b = sin a
let c = sqrt(-5.)

它会产生 Infinity 和 NaN。在这两种情况下,我都希望抛出异常(出于调试目的)。

我使用 Visual Studio 2010。我将 Debug/Exceptions.../Common Language Runtime Exceptions/System/System.ArithmeticException 设置为“Thrown”,但是运行代码时,没有抛出异常。

知道为什么以及如何在 NaN 或 Infinity 上引发异常吗?

Consider the following code

let a = 5. / 0.
let b = sin a
let c = sqrt(-5.)

It produces both Infinity and NaN. In both cases I want to have an exception thrown (for debuging purposes).

I use Visual Studio 2010. I set up Debug/Exceptions.../Common Language Runtime Exceptions/System/System.ArithmeticException to "Thrown", but when running the code, no exception is thrown.

Any idea why and how to throw an exception on NaN or Infinity?

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评论(3

扮仙女 2024-10-21 03:41:46

正如其他人指出的,您必须明确检查 NaN 条件。如果您想使用一些高级 F# 功能来执行此操作,那么您还可以使用计算表达式。

可以定义一个构建器,在使用 let! 绑定值时自动检查 Nan。然后你可以写这样的内容:

check { let! a = 5. / 0.    // 'a' is checked here
        let! b = sin a      // 'b' is checked here
        let c = sqrt(-5.)   // 'c' is not checked (no 'let!')
        return a, b, c }

对于简单的检查来说,这可能太复杂了,但我发现它非常好。计算构建器的定义如下所示(您需要添加 WhileFor 和其他一些来支持所有语言构造):

open System

type CheckedBuilder() = 
  member x.Bind(v:float, f) = 
    if Double.IsNaN(v) |> not then f v
    else raise (new ArithmeticException())
  member x.Return(v) = v

let check = CheckedBuilder()

As others noted, you'll have to check for the NaN condition explicitly. If you wanted to do this using some advanced F# features, then you could also use computation expressions.

It is possible to define a builder that automatically checks for Nan when you bind value using let!. Then you could write something like:

check { let! a = 5. / 0.    // 'a' is checked here
        let! b = sin a      // 'b' is checked here
        let c = sqrt(-5.)   // 'c' is not checked (no 'let!')
        return a, b, c }

This may be too complicated mechanism for just simple checks, but I find it quite nice. The definition of the computation builder looks like this (you'll need to add While, For and some others to support all language constructs):

open System

type CheckedBuilder() = 
  member x.Bind(v:float, f) = 
    if Double.IsNaN(v) |> not then f v
    else raise (new ArithmeticException())
  member x.Return(v) = v

let check = CheckedBuilder()
海的爱人是光 2024-10-21 03:41:46

如果您想要算术异常,请尝试将整数除以零。 System.Double 类型(F# 中的float)在设计上不会引发异常(所有异常情况均以 NaN 结束)。

来自MSDN 文档

浮点运算符,
包括赋值运算符,做
不抛出异常。相反,在
特殊情况的结果
浮点运算为零,
无穷大,或 NaN...


更新:如果您希望在 InfinityNaN 的情况下抛出异常,我会提供 < a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4782891/system-arithmeticexception-not-thron-in-f/4782960#4782960">与 desco 相同的建议并建议您包装您想要的方法称呼。

不幸的是,我对 F# 不够熟悉,无法以您选择的语言提供代码示例;但在 C# 中,您可以对 sqrt 函数执行此操作:

public static double CheckedSqrt(double x)
{
    double sqrt = Math.Sqrt(x);
    if (double.IsNaN(sqrt))
    {
        throw new ArithmeticException("The square root of " + x + " is NaN.");
    }

    return sqrt;
}

更新 2:还有一个选择是为 double 类型本身编写自己的包装器,这不允许InfinityNaN 值(同样,下面是 C# - 如果这在 F# 中不可能,我很抱歉,在这种情况下,我给你的建议绝对没用)

public struct CheckedDouble // : IEquatable<CheckedDouble>, etc.
{
    double m_value;

    public CheckedDouble(double value)
    {
        if (double.IsInfinity(value) || double.IsNaN(value))
        {
            throw new ArithmeticException("A calculation resulted in infinity or NaN.");
        }

        m_value = value;
    }

    public static implicit operator CheckedDouble(double value)
    {
        return new CheckedDouble(value);
    }

    public static implicit operator double(CheckedDouble checkedDouble)
    {
        return checkedDouble.m_value;
    }
}

:无论您在编写代码时不想允许 InfinityNaN,都可以直接使用此类型,而不是直接使用 double

只是另一种选择。

If you want an arithmetic exception, try dividing an integer by zero. The System.Double type (float in F#) by design does not throw exceptions (all exceptional circumstances end up at NaN).

From the MSDN docs:

The floating-point operators,
including the assignment operators, do
not throw exceptions. Instead, in
exceptional situations the result of a
floating-point operation is zero,
infinity, or NaN....


Update: If you want exceptions to be thrown in cases of Infinity or NaN, I would offer the same advice as desco and suggest you wrap the methods you want to call.

Unfortunately, I'm not familiar enough with F# to give code examples in your language of choice; but in C# you might do this for example for a sqrt function:

public static double CheckedSqrt(double x)
{
    double sqrt = Math.Sqrt(x);
    if (double.IsNaN(sqrt))
    {
        throw new ArithmeticException("The square root of " + x + " is NaN.");
    }

    return sqrt;
}

Update 2: Yet another option would be to write your own wrapper for the double type itself which does not allow Infinity or NaN values (again, the below is C#—I apologize if this isn't possible in F# in which case I'm giving you absolutely useless advice):

public struct CheckedDouble // : IEquatable<CheckedDouble>, etc.
{
    double m_value;

    public CheckedDouble(double value)
    {
        if (double.IsInfinity(value) || double.IsNaN(value))
        {
            throw new ArithmeticException("A calculation resulted in infinity or NaN.");
        }

        m_value = value;
    }

    public static implicit operator CheckedDouble(double value)
    {
        return new CheckedDouble(value);
    }

    public static implicit operator double(CheckedDouble checkedDouble)
    {
        return checkedDouble.m_value;
    }
}

Then wherever you're writing code where you don't want to allow Infinity or NaN, use this type rather than double directly.

Just another option.

萌逼全场 2024-10-21 03:41:46

认为,这只有通过在 sin\sqrt 上提供自定义包装器才有可能实现。当前行为记录为 Math.SqrtMath.Sin

think, this is possible only by providing your custom wrappers over sin\sqrt. Current behavior is documented for Math.Sqrt and Math.Sin.

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