如何打破 Python 中的一系列链式方法?

发布于 2024-10-13 16:53:32 字数 373 浏览 8 评论 0原文

我有一行以下代码(不要责怪命名约定,它们不是我的):

subkeyword = Session.query(
    Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_active=True
).one()

我不喜欢它的样子(不太可读),但我没有更好的想法来限制行数在这种情况下最多为 79 个字符。有没有更好的方法来打破它(最好没有反斜杠)?

I have a line of the following code (don't blame for naming conventions, they are not mine):

subkeyword = Session.query(
    Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_active=True
).one()

I don't like how it looks like (not too readable), but I don't have any better idea to limit lines to 79 characters in this situation. Is there a better way of breaking it (preferably without backslashes)?

如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

扫码二维码加入Web技术交流群

发布评论

需要 登录 才能够评论, 你可以免费 注册 一个本站的账号。

评论(9

孤凫 2024-10-20 16:53:32

您可以使用额外的括号:

subkeyword = (
        Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
        .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)
        .filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)
        .filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)
        .one()
    )

You could use additional parentheses:

subkeyword = (
        Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
        .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)
        .filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)
        .filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)
        .one()
    )
§对你不离不弃 2024-10-20 16:53:32

在这种情况下,行继续字符优先于左括号。随着方法名称变长以及方法开始接受参数,对这种风格的需求变得更加明显:

subkeyword = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word) \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)          \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)                  \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)                           \
                    .one()

PEP 8 旨在以一定程度的常识和实用与美观的眼光来解释。很高兴违反任何 PEP 8 准则,从而导致代码丑陋或难以阅读。

话虽这么说,如果您经常发现自己与 PEP 8 不一致,这可能表明存在超出您选择的空白的可读性问题:-)

This is a case where a line continuation character is preferred to open parentheses. The need for this style becomes more obvious as method names get longer and as methods start taking arguments:

subkeyword = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word) \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)          \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)                  \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)                           \
                    .one()

PEP 8 is intend to be interpreted with a measure of common-sense and an eye for both the practical and the beautiful. Happily violate any PEP 8 guideline that results in ugly or hard to read code.

That being said, if you frequently find yourself at odds with PEP 8, it may be a sign that there are readability issues that transcend your choice of whitespace :-)

送君千里 2024-10-20 16:53:32

我个人的选择是:

subkeyword = Session.query(
    Subkeyword.subkeyword_id,
    Subkeyword.subkeyword_word,
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id,
    subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word,
    subkeyword_active=True,
).one()

My personal choice would be:

subkeyword = Session.query(
    Subkeyword.subkeyword_id,
    Subkeyword.subkeyword_word,
).filter_by(
    subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id,
    subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word,
    subkeyword_active=True,
).one()
花开雨落又逢春i 2024-10-20 16:53:32

只需存储中间结果/对象并调用其上的下一个方法,
例如

q = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
q = q.filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)
q = q.filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)
q = q.filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)
subkeyword = q.one()

Just store the intermediate result/object and invoke the next method on it,
e.g.

q = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
q = q.filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)
q = q.filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)
q = q.filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)
subkeyword = q.one()
七颜 2024-10-20 16:53:32

它与其他人提供的解决方案有点不同,但这是我最喜欢的,因为它有时会导致漂亮的元编程。

base = [Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword_word]
search = {
    'subkeyword_company_id':self.e_company_id,
    'subkeyword_word':subkeyword_word,
    'subkeyword_active':True,
    }
subkeyword = Session.query(*base).filter_by(**search).one()

这是构建搜索的好技术。通过条件列表从复杂的查询表单中挖掘(或基于字符串的关于用户正在查找的内容的推论),然后将字典分解到过滤器中。

It's a bit of a different solution than provided by others but a favorite of mine since it leads to nifty metaprogramming sometimes.

base = [Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword_word]
search = {
    'subkeyword_company_id':self.e_company_id,
    'subkeyword_word':subkeyword_word,
    'subkeyword_active':True,
    }
subkeyword = Session.query(*base).filter_by(**search).one()

This is a nice technique for building searches. Go through a list of conditionals to mine from your complex query form (or string-based deductions about what the user is looking for), then just explode the dictionary into the filter.

离旧人 2024-10-20 16:53:32

根据 Python 语言参考
您可以使用反斜杠。
或者干脆打破它。如果括号未配对,Python 不会将其视为一行。在这种情况下,下面几行的缩进并不重要。

According to Python Language Reference
You can use a backslash.
Or simply break it. If a bracket is not paired, python will not treat that as a line. And under such circumstance, the indentation of following lines doesn't matter.

最笨的告白 2024-10-20 16:53:32

您似乎使用 SQLAlchemy,如果是真的, < code>sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.filter_by() 方法需要多个关键字参数,所以你可以这样写:

subkeyword = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id,
                           Subkeyword.subkeyword_word) \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id,
                               subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word,
                               subkeyword_active=True) \
                    .one()

但这会更好:

subkeyword = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id,
                           Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
subkeyword = subkeyword.filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id,
                                  subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word,
                                  subkeyword_active=True)
subkeuword = subkeyword.one()

You seems using SQLAlchemy, if it is true, sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.filter_by() method takes multiple keyword arguments, so you could write like:

subkeyword = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id,
                           Subkeyword.subkeyword_word) \
                    .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id,
                               subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word,
                               subkeyword_active=True) \
                    .one()

But it would be better:

subkeyword = Session.query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id,
                           Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
subkeyword = subkeyword.filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id,
                                  subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word,
                                  subkeyword_active=True)
subkeuword = subkeyword.one()
吃颗糖壮壮胆 2024-10-20 16:53:32

顶部答案略有不同:主要对象(Session)保留在顶部行并使用单个缩进。这可以快速识别主对象和所有后续的链式方法调用。

subkeyword = (Session
    .query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
    .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)
    .filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)
    .filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)
    .one()
)

A slight variation of the top answer: the main object (Session) is kept in the top line and a single indentation is used. This enables quick identification of the main object and all subsequent chained method calls..

subkeyword = (Session
    .query(Subkeyword.subkeyword_id, Subkeyword.subkeyword_word)
    .filter_by(subkeyword_company_id=self.e_company_id)
    .filter_by(subkeyword_word=subkeyword_word)
    .filter_by(subkeyword_active=True)
    .one()
)
别低头,皇冠会掉 2024-10-20 16:53:32

我喜欢将参数缩进两块,将语句缩进一块,如下所示:

for image_pathname in image_directory.iterdir():
    image = cv2.imread(str(image_pathname))
    input_image = np.resize(
            image, (height, width, 3)
        ).transpose((2,0,1)).reshape(1, 3, height, width)
    net.forward_all(data=input_image)
    segmentation_index = net.blobs[
            'argmax'
        ].data.squeeze().transpose(1,2,0).astype(np.uint8)
    segmentation = np.empty(segmentation_index.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
    cv2.LUT(segmentation_index, label_colours, segmentation)
    prediction_pathname = prediction_directory / image_pathname.name
    cv2.imwrite(str(prediction_pathname), segmentation)

I like to indent the arguments by two blocks, and the statement by one block, like these:

for image_pathname in image_directory.iterdir():
    image = cv2.imread(str(image_pathname))
    input_image = np.resize(
            image, (height, width, 3)
        ).transpose((2,0,1)).reshape(1, 3, height, width)
    net.forward_all(data=input_image)
    segmentation_index = net.blobs[
            'argmax'
        ].data.squeeze().transpose(1,2,0).astype(np.uint8)
    segmentation = np.empty(segmentation_index.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
    cv2.LUT(segmentation_index, label_colours, segmentation)
    prediction_pathname = prediction_directory / image_pathname.name
    cv2.imwrite(str(prediction_pathname), segmentation)
~没有更多了~
我们使用 Cookies 和其他技术来定制您的体验包括您的登录状态等。通过阅读我们的 隐私政策 了解更多相关信息。 单击 接受 或继续使用网站,即表示您同意使用 Cookies 和您的相关数据。
原文