使用 top 检查 Linux 中的 Java 线程

发布于 2024-10-13 12:04:57 字数 152 浏览 10 评论 0原文

我正在 Linux 中检查 Java 进程，

top -H

但是，我无法读取“COMMAND”列中的线程名称（因为它太长）。如果我使用“c”来扩展进程的全名，那么它仍然太长而无法容纳。

如何获取命令的全名？

原文

I am inspecting a Java process in Linux using

top -H

However, I cannot read the name of the thread in the "COMMAND" column (because it is too long). If I use 'c' to expand the full name of the process, then it is still to long to fit.

How can I obtain the full name of the command?

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很糊涂小朋友 2024-10-20 12:04:58

你提到了“Linux”。那么使用小工具“threadcpu”可能是一个解决方案：

threadcpu_-_show_cpu_usage_of_threads

$ threadcpu -h

threadcpu shows CPU usage of threads in user% and system%

usage:
threadcpu [-h] [-s seconds] [-p path-to-jstack]

options:
  -h display this help page
  -s measuring interval in seconds, default: 10
  -p path to JRE jstack, default: /usr/bin/jstack
example usage:
  threadcpu -s 30 -p /opt/java/bin/jstack 2>/dev/null|sort -n|tail -n 12
output columns:
  user percent <SPACE> system percent <SPACE> PID/NID [ <SPACE> JVM thread name OR (process name) ]

一些示例输出：

$ threadcpu |sort -n|tail -n 8
3 0 33113 (klzagent)
3 0 38518 (klzagent)
3 0 9874 (BESClient)
3 41 6809 (threadcpu)
3 8 27353 VM Periodic Task Thread
6 0 31913 hybrisHTTP4
21 8 27347 C2 CompilerThread0
50 41 3244 (BESClient)

$ threadcpu |sort -n|tail -n 8
0 20 52358 (threadcpu)
0 40 32 (kswapd0)
2 50 2863 (BESClient)
11 0 31861 Gang worker#0 (Parallel CMS Threads)
11 0 31862 Gang worker#1 (Parallel CMS Threads)
11 0 31863 Gang worker#2 (Parallel CMS Threads)
11 0 31864 Gang worker#3 (Parallel CMS Threads)
47 10 31865 Concurrent Mark-Sweep GC Thread

$ threadcpu |sort -n|tail -n 8
2 0 14311 hybrisHTTP33
2 4 60077 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11609
2 8 30657 (klzagent)
4 0 5661 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11649
11 16 28144 (batchman)
15 20 3485 (BESClient)
21 0 7652 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11655
25 0 7611 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11654

输出故意非常简单，以使进一步处理（例如用于监视）更容易。

You mentioned "Linux". Then using the little tool "threadcpu" might be a solution:

threadcpu_-_show_cpu_usage_of_threads

$ threadcpu -h

threadcpu shows CPU usage of threads in user% and system%

usage:
threadcpu [-h] [-s seconds] [-p path-to-jstack]

options:
  -h display this help page
  -s measuring interval in seconds, default: 10
  -p path to JRE jstack, default: /usr/bin/jstack
example usage:
  threadcpu -s 30 -p /opt/java/bin/jstack 2>/dev/null|sort -n|tail -n 12
output columns:
  user percent <SPACE> system percent <SPACE> PID/NID [ <SPACE> JVM thread name OR (process name) ]

Some sample outputs:

$ threadcpu |sort -n|tail -n 8
3 0 33113 (klzagent)
3 0 38518 (klzagent)
3 0 9874 (BESClient)
3 41 6809 (threadcpu)
3 8 27353 VM Periodic Task Thread
6 0 31913 hybrisHTTP4
21 8 27347 C2 CompilerThread0
50 41 3244 (BESClient)

$ threadcpu |sort -n|tail -n 8
0 20 52358 (threadcpu)
0 40 32 (kswapd0)
2 50 2863 (BESClient)
11 0 31861 Gang worker#0 (Parallel CMS Threads)
11 0 31862 Gang worker#1 (Parallel CMS Threads)
11 0 31863 Gang worker#2 (Parallel CMS Threads)
11 0 31864 Gang worker#3 (Parallel CMS Threads)
47 10 31865 Concurrent Mark-Sweep GC Thread

$ threadcpu |sort -n|tail -n 8
2 0 14311 hybrisHTTP33
2 4 60077 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11609
2 8 30657 (klzagent)
4 0 5661 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11649
11 16 28144 (batchman)
15 20 3485 (BESClient)
21 0 7652 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11655
25 0 7611 ajp-bio-8009-exec-11654

The output is intentionally very simple to make further processing (e.g. for monitoring) more easy.

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眼眸印温柔 2024-10-20 12:04:57

您可以使用工具jstack检查java线程。它将列出属于指定进程 pid 的所有线程的名称、堆栈跟踪和其他有用信息。

编辑：jstack的线程转储中的参数nid是线程的pid列中top显示的LWP的十六进制版本。

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蘑菇王子 2024-10-20 12:04:57

这可能有点旧，但这是我将 top 和 jstack 合并在一起所做的事情。我使用了两个脚本，但我确信这一切都可以在一个脚本中完成。

首先，我将 top 的输出以及 java 线程的 pid 保存到一个文件中，并将 jstack 输出保存到另一个文件中：

#!/bin/sh
top -H -b -n 1 | grep java > /tmp/top.log
jstack -l `ps fax | grep java | grep tomcat | sed "s/ *\([0-9]*\) .*/\1/g"` > /tmp/jstack.log

然后我使用 perl 脚本调用 bash 脚本（此处称为 cpu-java.sh）并进行合并两个文件（/tmp/top.log 和 /tmp/jstack.log）：

#!/usr/bin/perl
system("sh cpu-java.sh");
open LOG, "/tmp/top.log" or die $!;
print "PID\tCPU\tMem\tJStack Info\n";
while ($l = <LOG>) {
    $pid = $l;
    $pid =~ s/root.*//g;
    $pid =~ s/ *//g;
    $hex_pid = sprintf("%#x", $pid);
    @values = split(/\s{2,}/, $l);
    $pct = $values[4];
    $mem = $values[5];
    open JSTACK, "/tmp/jstack.log" or die $!;   
    while ($j = <JSTACK>){
        if ($j =~ /.*nid=.*/){
            if ($j =~ /.*$hex_pid.*/){
                $j =~ s/\n//;
                $pid =~ s/\n//;
                print $pid . "\t" . $pct . "\t" . $mem . "\t" .  $j . "\n";
            }
        }
    }   
    close JSTACK;
}
close LOG;

输出帮助我找出哪些线程占用了我的 cpu：

PID     CPU Mem JStack Info
22460   0   8.0 "main" prio=10 tid=0x083cb800 nid=0x57bc runnable [0xb6acc000]
22461   0   8.0 "GC task thread#0 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d2c00 nid=0x57bd runnable 
22462   0   8.0 "GC task thread#1 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d4000 nid=0x57be runnable 
22463   0   8.0 "GC task thread#2 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d5800 nid=0x57bf runnable 
22464   0   8.0 "GC task thread#3 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d7000 nid=0x57c0 runnable
...

然后我可以返回到 /tmp/jstack.log 并查看有问题的线程的堆栈跟踪并尝试从那里找出发生了什么。当然，这个解决方案是依赖于平台的，但它应该适用于大多数风格的 *nix 以及一些地方的调整。

This might be a little old, but here's what I did to kinda merge top and jstack together. I used two scripts, but I'm sure it all could be done in one.

First, I save the output of top with the pids for my java threads into a file and save the jstack output into another file:

#!/bin/sh
top -H -b -n 1 | grep java > /tmp/top.log
jstack -l `ps fax | grep java | grep tomcat | sed "s/ *\([0-9]*\) .*/\1/g"` > /tmp/jstack.log

Then I use a perl script to call the bash script (called cpu-java.sh here) and kinda merge the two files (/tmp/top.log and /tmp/jstack.log):

#!/usr/bin/perl
system("sh cpu-java.sh");
open LOG, "/tmp/top.log" or die $!;
print "PID\tCPU\tMem\tJStack Info\n";
while ($l = <LOG>) {
    $pid = $l;
    $pid =~ s/root.*//g;
    $pid =~ s/ *//g;
    $hex_pid = sprintf("%#x", $pid);
    @values = split(/\s{2,}/, $l);
    $pct = $values[4];
    $mem = $values[5];
    open JSTACK, "/tmp/jstack.log" or die $!;   
    while ($j = <JSTACK>){
        if ($j =~ /.*nid=.*/){
            if ($j =~ /.*$hex_pid.*/){
                $j =~ s/\n//;
                $pid =~ s/\n//;
                print $pid . "\t" . $pct . "\t" . $mem . "\t" .  $j . "\n";
            }
        }
    }   
    close JSTACK;
}
close LOG;

The output helps me to find out which threads are hogging my cpu:

PID     CPU Mem JStack Info
22460   0   8.0 "main" prio=10 tid=0x083cb800 nid=0x57bc runnable [0xb6acc000]
22461   0   8.0 "GC task thread#0 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d2c00 nid=0x57bd runnable 
22462   0   8.0 "GC task thread#1 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d4000 nid=0x57be runnable 
22463   0   8.0 "GC task thread#2 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d5800 nid=0x57bf runnable 
22464   0   8.0 "GC task thread#3 (ParallelGC)" prio=10 tid=0x083d7000 nid=0x57c0 runnable
...

Then I can go back to /tmp/jstack.log and take a look at the stack trace for the problematic thread and try to figure out what's going on from there. Of course this solution is platform-dependent, but it should work with most flavors of *nix and some tweaking here and there.

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dawn曙光 2024-10-20 12:04:57

我创建了一个类似 top 的命令，专门用于可视化按 CPU 使用情况排序的 Java 线程，并将源代码发布在： https: //github.com/jasta/jprocps。命令行语法并不像 top 那样丰富，但它确实支持一些相同的命令：

$ jtop -n 1

示例输出（显示 ant 和 IntelliJ 运行）：

  PID   TID USER       %CPU  %MEM  THREAD
13480 13483 jasta      104   2.3   main
13480 13497 jasta      86.3  2.3   C2 CompilerThread1
13480 13496 jasta      83.0  2.3   C2 CompilerThread0
 4866  4953 jasta      1.0   13.4  AWT-EventQueue-1 12.1.4#IC-129.713, eap:false
 4866 14154 jasta      0.9   13.4  ApplicationImpl pooled thread 36
 4866  5219 jasta      0.8   13.4  JobScheduler pool 5/8

从这个输出中，我可以在 jconsole 中提取线程的堆栈跟踪手动或 jstack 并找出发生了什么。

注意： jtop 是用 Python 编写的，需要安装 jstack。

I have created a top-like command specifically for visualizing Java threads ordered by CPU usage and posted the source code at: https://github.com/jasta/jprocps. The command-line syntax is not nearly as rich as top, but it does support some of the same commands:

$ jtop -n 1

Sample output (showing ant and IntelliJ running):

  PID   TID USER       %CPU  %MEM  THREAD
13480 13483 jasta      104   2.3   main
13480 13497 jasta      86.3  2.3   C2 CompilerThread1
13480 13496 jasta      83.0  2.3   C2 CompilerThread0
 4866  4953 jasta      1.0   13.4  AWT-EventQueue-1 12.1.4#IC-129.713, eap:false
 4866 14154 jasta      0.9   13.4  ApplicationImpl pooled thread 36
 4866  5219 jasta      0.8   13.4  JobScheduler pool 5/8

From this output, I can pull up the thread's stack trace in jconsole or jstack manually and figure out what's going on.

NOTE: jtop is written in Python and requires that jstack be installed.

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相对绾红妆 2024-10-20 12:04:57

据我发现 jstack 已过时从 JDK 8 开始。我用来检索所有 Java 线程名称的是：

<JDK_HOME>/bin/jcmd <PID> Thread.print

检查 jcmd 文档了解更多信息。

As far as I found out jstack is outdated as of JDK 8. What I used to retrieve all Java Thread names is:

<JDK_HOME>/bin/jcmd <PID> Thread.print

Check jcmd documentation for more.

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紙鸢 2024-10-20 12:04:57

对于 Linux 上的 OpenJDK，JavaThread 名称不适用t 传播到本机线程，当使用任何工具检查本机线程。

不过，还有一些工作正在进行中：

就我个人而言，我发现OpenJDK开发工具很慢，所以我自己打补丁。

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旧梦荧光笔 2024-10-20 12:04:57

就内核而言，线程没有名称；他们只有身份证号码。 JVM 为线程分配名称，但这是进程内的私有内部数据，“顶级”程序无法访问（并且无论如何也不知道）。

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陌路黄昏 2024-10-20 12:04:57

此 shell 脚本结合了 jstack 和 top 的输出，按 CPU 使用情况列出 Java 线程。它需要一个参数，即拥有进程的帐户用户。

名称： jstack-top.sh

#!/bin/sh
#
# jstack-top - join jstack and top to show cpu usage, etc.
#
# Usage: jstack-top <user> | view -
#

USER=$1
TOPS="/tmp/jstack-top-1.log"
JSKS="/tmp/jstack-top-2.log"

PIDS="$(ps -u ${USER} --no-headers -o pid:1,cmd:1 | grep 'bin/java' | grep -v 'grep' | cut -d' ' -f1)"
if [ -f ${JSKS} ]; then
    rm ${JSKS}
fi
for PID in ${PIDS}; do
    jstack -l ${PID} | grep "nid=" >>${JSKS}
done

top -u ${USER} -H -b -n 1 | grep "%CPU\|java" | sed -e 's/[[:space:]]*$//' > ${TOPS}
while IFS= read -r TOP; do
    NID=$(echo "${TOP}" | sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*//' | cut -d' ' -f1)
    if [ "${NID}" = "PID" ]; then
        JSK=""
        TOP="${TOP} JSTACK"
    else
        NID=$(printf 'nid=0x%x' ${NID})
        JSK=$(grep "${NID} " ${JSKS})
    fi
    echo "${TOP}    ${JSK}"
done < "${TOPS}"

This shell script combines the output from jstack and top to list Java threads by CPU usage. It expects one argument, the account user that owns the processes.

Name: jstack-top.sh

#!/bin/sh
#
# jstack-top - join jstack and top to show cpu usage, etc.
#
# Usage: jstack-top <user> | view -
#

USER=$1
TOPS="/tmp/jstack-top-1.log"
JSKS="/tmp/jstack-top-2.log"

PIDS="$(ps -u ${USER} --no-headers -o pid:1,cmd:1 | grep 'bin/java' | grep -v 'grep' | cut -d' ' -f1)"
if [ -f ${JSKS} ]; then
    rm ${JSKS}
fi
for PID in ${PIDS}; do
    jstack -l ${PID} | grep "nid=" >>${JSKS}
done

top -u ${USER} -H -b -n 1 | grep "%CPU\|java" | sed -e 's/[[:space:]]*$//' > ${TOPS}
while IFS= read -r TOP; do
    NID=$(echo "${TOP}" | sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*//' | cut -d' ' -f1)
    if [ "${NID}" = "PID" ]; then
        JSK=""
        TOP="${TOP} JSTACK"
    else
        NID=$(printf 'nid=0x%x' ${NID})
        JSK=$(grep "${NID} " ${JSKS})
    fi
    echo "${TOP}    ${JSK}"
done < "${TOPS}"

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冷情妓 2024-10-20 12:04:57

扩展 Andre 之前在 Perl 中的答案，这里是一个运行速度明显更快的 Python 答案。

它重复使用之前创建的文件，并且不会在 jstack 输出上循环多次：

#!/usr/bin/env python
import re
import sys
import os.path
import subprocess

# Check if jstack.log top.log files are present
if not os.path.exists("jstack.log") or not os.path.exists("top.log"):
  # Delete either file
  os.remove("jstack.log") if os.path.exists("jstack.log") else None
  os.remove("top.log") if os.path.exists("top.log") else None
  # And dump them via a bash run
  cmd = """
  pid=$(ps -e | grep java | sed 's/^[ ]*//g' | cut -d ' ' -f 1)
  top -H -b -n 1 | grep java > top.log
  /usr/intel/pkgs/java/1.8.0.141/bin/jstack -l $pid > jstack.log
  """
  subprocess.call(["bash", "-c", cmd])

# Verify that both files were written
for f in ["jstack.log", "top.log"]:
  if not os.path.exists(f):
    print "ERROR: Failed to create file %s" % f
    sys.exit(1)

# Thread ID parser
jsReg = re.compile('"([^\"]*)".*nid=(0x[0-9a-f]*)')
# Top line parser
topReg = re.compile('^\s*([0-9]*)(\s+[^\s]*){7}\s+([0-9]+)')

# Scan the entire jstack file for matches and put them into a dict
nids = {}
with open("jstack.log", "r") as jstack:
  matches = (jsReg.search(l) for l in jstack if "nid=0x" in l)
  for m in matches:
    nids[m.group(2)] = m.group(1)

# Print header
print "PID\tNID\tCPU\tTHREAD"
# Scan the top output and emit the matches
with open("top.log", "r") as top:
  matches = (topReg.search(l) for l in top)
  for m in matches:
    # Grab the pid, convert to hex and fetch from NIDS
    pid = int(m.group(1))
    nid = "0x%x" % pid
    tname = nids.get(nid, "<MISSING THREAD>")
    # Grab CPU percent
    pct = int(m.group(3))
    # Emit line
    print "%d\t%s\t%d\t%s" % (pid, nid, pct, tname)

Expanding on Andre's earlier answer in Perl, here is one in Python that runs significantly faster.

It re-uses files created earlier and does not loop several times over the jstack output:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import re
import sys
import os.path
import subprocess

# Check if jstack.log top.log files are present
if not os.path.exists("jstack.log") or not os.path.exists("top.log"):
  # Delete either file
  os.remove("jstack.log") if os.path.exists("jstack.log") else None
  os.remove("top.log") if os.path.exists("top.log") else None
  # And dump them via a bash run
  cmd = """
  pid=$(ps -e | grep java | sed 's/^[ ]*//g' | cut -d ' ' -f 1)
  top -H -b -n 1 | grep java > top.log
  /usr/intel/pkgs/java/1.8.0.141/bin/jstack -l $pid > jstack.log
  """
  subprocess.call(["bash", "-c", cmd])

# Verify that both files were written
for f in ["jstack.log", "top.log"]:
  if not os.path.exists(f):
    print "ERROR: Failed to create file %s" % f
    sys.exit(1)

# Thread ID parser
jsReg = re.compile('"([^\"]*)".*nid=(0x[0-9a-f]*)')
# Top line parser
topReg = re.compile('^\s*([0-9]*)(\s+[^\s]*){7}\s+([0-9]+)')

# Scan the entire jstack file for matches and put them into a dict
nids = {}
with open("jstack.log", "r") as jstack:
  matches = (jsReg.search(l) for l in jstack if "nid=0x" in l)
  for m in matches:
    nids[m.group(2)] = m.group(1)

# Print header
print "PID\tNID\tCPU\tTHREAD"
# Scan the top output and emit the matches
with open("top.log", "r") as top:
  matches = (topReg.search(l) for l in top)
  for m in matches:
    # Grab the pid, convert to hex and fetch from NIDS
    pid = int(m.group(1))
    nid = "0x%x" % pid
    tname = nids.get(nid, "<MISSING THREAD>")
    # Grab CPU percent
    pct = int(m.group(3))
    # Emit line
    print "%d\t%s\t%d\t%s" % (pid, nid, pct, tname)

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