需要学习哪种标准（HTML/XHTML）才能在 HTML5 发生时做好使用的准备？
我对此真的很陌生，所以请原谅我的问题的基本性...
我想学习设计网站，并且我有一个计划使用 Lynda.com 的教程来学习的程序（Dreamweaver CS5）。然而，在教程中，它说您应该在启动 Dreamweaver 之前很好地掌握 HTML 和 CSS。
我查看了 Lynda.com 的 HTML 视频，但它全部集中在 XHTML 上。 http://www.lynda.com/tutorial/47603
现在我有点困惑。我听说有一个新标准即将出台（HTML5）。如果我学习 XHTML - 这是否意味着我必须稍后再回去学习 HTML4，以便我可以赶上并学习 HTML5，或者我是否能够使用我的 XHTML 知识并将未来的 HTML5 代码添加到它？
例如，有一个关于 HTML5 的 Lynda 视频，但作者说您需要了解 html 才能观看它。
您认为 Lynda.com 关于 XHTML/HTML 的视频是一个不错的起点吗？还是我需要买一本关于 HTML4 的书？
如果您现在开始学习 HTML4 还是 XHTML？
谢谢
I am really new to this so please forgive the basicness of my question...
I want to learn to design websites and I have a program which I am planning to learn (Dreamweaver CS5) using tutorials from Lynda.com. However on the tutorial it says you should have a good grasp of HTML and CSS before starting Dreamweaver.
I looked at the Lynda.com video for HTML but it is all focused on XHTML. http://www.lynda.com/tutorial/47603
Now I am a bit confused. I heard a new standard was coming in (HTML5). If I learn XHTML - does that mean that I will then have to go back at a later date and learn HTML4 so that I can then catch up and learn HTML5 or will I be able to use my XHTML knowledge and add the future HTML5 code to it?
For example there is a Lynda video on HTML5 but the author says you need a knowledge of html before you can watch it.
Do you think the Lynda.com video on XHTML/HTML is a good place to start or do I need to get a book on HTML4 instead?
If you were starting out now would you learn HTML4 or XHTML?
Thanks
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我会学习 HTML4.01，但只是因为我讨厌 XHTML。
这并不重要，将 (X)HTML x.xx 移植到 (X)HTML y.yy 并不难。你会遇到一些陷阱，但仅此而已。
另一方面，HTML5 则完全不同，您已经可以开始学习它了。 这已经发生了。
无论您学什么，请确保您学习的是严格版本。
I would learn HTML4.01, but only because I detest XHTML.
It doesn't matter that much, making the port from (X)HTML x.xx to (X)HTML y.yy is not that hard. You'll have a few pitfalls, but that's all.
On the other hand, HTML5 is quite different and you can start learning it already. It's already happening.
Whatever you learn, make sure you learn the Strict version.
查看此内容以进行未来验证：http ://blog.twostepmedia.co.uk/css3-still-novelty-or-usable-in-everyday-web-development/
对于 O/P，学习 HTML4 的基础知识，然后直接进入 HTML5 ，您将遥遥领先，您的网站将脱颖而出:)
Check this out for future proofing: http://blog.twostepmedia.co.uk/css3-still-novelty-or-usable-in-everyday-web-development/
To the O/P, learn the basics of HTML4 and then get straight onto HTML5, you'll be way ahead of the pack and your websites WILL stand out :)
我个人会致力于学习 HTML5。当您精通它并足以专业地编写网站代码时，大多数主要浏览器供应商都会采用它作为标准。
请记住，网络技术发展很快！今天热门的内容明天就会过时，而现在处于测试阶段的内容明天也会热门。
我在 Stack Overflow 上发现了这个 http://headjs.com，它是一个现代化工具，用于面向未来网络应用程序。这使得今天学习和使用 HTML5 标记成为可能，因此当浏览器供应商更新其应用程序时，他们将直接使用 HTML5 功能。
使 CSS 仅适用于 Opera 11？
I would personally work on learning HTML5. By the time you get proficient at it to be good enough to professionally code websites, most of the major browser vendors will have adopted it as the standard.
Remember, web technology moves fast! What's hot today will be obsolete tomorrow, and what's in beta now will be hot tomorrow.
I found this http://headjs.com, a modernizer, here on Stack Overflow, which is used to future-proof web applications. This makes learning and using HTML5 markup a possibility today, so that as browser vendors update their applications, they'll slide right into the HTML5 functionality.
Make CSS apply only for Opera 11?
简要概述：
HTML 4.01 是当前互联网标记语言标准。
XHTML 1.0 是从 HTML 4.01 中分叉出来的。它引入了更严格的验证、更多类似 XML 的语法（例如
上的一些属性标签。XHTML 1.1 是 XHTML 1.0 的自然发展。它引入了更严格的要求，并强制执行诸如服务文档的哑剧类型之类的事情。然而，由于它声明它是 XML 而不是 HTML，并且必须以 XML 的形式提供给浏览器（Internet Explorer 至今还不支持），所以它从未成功。
XHTML 2.0 是一个建议草案，但一直被废弃。随后没有人使用它。
HTML 5 是 HTML 4.01 的下一代发展。它添加了许多新标签、新功能（例如本地存储）（意味着可以使用更多网络应用程序类型的应用程序）以及其他一些好东西。它有两种风格 - HTML 5，它使用 HTML 样式的语法，以及 XHTML 5，它使用带有自闭合标签的 XHTML 语法（不要与 XHTML 2 混淆，XHTML 2 已经死了。）网络标记语言中的“下一件大事”，但仍处于草案阶段。某些浏览器引入了对新 HTML 5 标记的支持，但旧版浏览器不支持。
由于规范的草案性质，HTML 5 无法在当前网站中安全使用。有些网站正在这样做，但这些网站可能会从他们的脚下夺走该语言的全部本质。
HTML 5 预计要到 2022 年才会成为正式建议。
总结：当前的网络语言是 HTML 4.01。 HTML 5 对此进行了极大的扩展，但尚未准备好用于日常使用。 HTML 4.01 和任何类型的 XML 之间的差异充其量是最小的。
For a brief summary:
HTML 4.01 is the current standard of markup languages for the internet.
XHTML 1.0 was forked off from HTML 4.01. It introduced greater strictness in validation, more XML-like syntax (eg.
<br />instead of<br>) and XML namespaces for things like MathML (for embedding mathematical equations in pages.... very infrequently used). In theory XHTML allowed people to define their own tags.... but in practice this never happened. In actuality, the only real different it has from HTML 4.01 are the self-closing tags, a different doctype (the header at the top of HTML documents), and a few attributes on the<html>tag.XHTML 1.1 was a natural progression from XHTML 1.0. It introduced even greater strictness, and enforced things like mime-types for served documents. However, because it declared it was XML instead of HTML, and had to be served to the browser as XML (which Internet Explorer to this day does not support), it never took off.
XHTML 2.0 was a draft recommendation that got scrapped along the way. No-one subsequently uses it.
HTML 5 is the next evolution from HTML 4.01. It adds a lot of new tags, new functionality such as local storage (meaning more web-app type applications are possible), and some other goodies. It comes in two flavours - HTML 5, which uses HTML-style syntax, and XHTML 5, which uses XHTML syntax with self-closing tags (and is not to be confused with XHTML 2, which is dead remember.) It is 'the next big thing' in web markup languages, but is still in draft stage. Some browsers are introducing support for new HTML 5 tags, but legacy browsers have no support.
HTML 5 cannot be safely used in current sites, due to the draft nature of the specification. Some sites are doing so, but those sites can possibly get the whole nature of the language yanked out from under their feet.
HTML 5 is not expected to be a formal recommendation until 2022.
In summary: The current language of the web is HTML 4.01. HTML 5 expands on that greatly, but is not ready for everyday use. And the differences between HTML 4.01 and any flavour of XML, are minimal at best.
正如 Matias 所说，XHTML 的主要好处是它的 XML 兼容性，反之亦然；我经常使用 XSLT 将 XML 文档转换为 XHTML。虽然 XSLT 可以输出 HTML，但无论如何它都是与 XML 兼容的 HTML。
严格来说，您没有理由不能编写完全符合 XML 的 HTML5；仅出于这个原因，我建议使用 HTML5，并且通过编写符合 XML 的 HTML5，您还可以获得 XHTML 的所有好处。
XHTML's main benefit, as Matias said, is it's XML compatibility, and also the other way round; I regularly use an XSLT to transform an XML document into XHTML. Although XSLT can output HTML, it's HTML that's compliant with XML anyway.
Strictly speaking, there's no reason you can't write HTML5 that's totally XML compliant; for that reason alone, I'd say go with HTML5, and by writing it so that it IS XML compliant, you also get all the benefits of XHTML.
XHTML，绝对的。
最后推荐的 HTML 版本是 4.x，它是 90 年代的版本。
尽可能多地学习XHTML，并尝试使用严格的版本。
XHTML, absolutely.
Last recommended HTML version was 4.x, and it's from 90s era.
Learn XHTML as much as possible, and try to use strict versions.
我同意@Matías，如果只是因为它的严格性，从长远来看可能会导致更清晰的代码。也就是说，无论您选择哪一个，从一个 html 版本移植到另一个版本都不会太困难。
I agree with @Matías, if only because of it's strictness which will likely result in cleaner code in the long run. That said, porting from one html version to another shouldn't be too difficult regardless of which one you choose.
我发现在编程时使用 XHTML 很好，因为它允许我在编译时捕获标记中的错误，而不是稍后当我修改页面时出现一些晦涩的错误。
IE 中缺乏 XHTML 1.1 支持一直是一个痛苦，但有一些解决方法，例如 XSL 转换等。 IE9终于添加了支持。
一旦 (X)HTML5 支持在主要浏览器中变得强大，我打算在我工作的任何 Web 项目中使用 XHTML5。支持旧版 IE 版本仍然会很痛苦，但这是可以管理的。
I find that when programming the use of XHTML is nice because it allows me to catch errors in my markup at compile time instead of some obscure bug showing itself way later when I modify a page.
The whole lack of XHTML 1.1 support in IE has been a pain, but there are work arounds such as XSL transformations and the such. IE9 has finally added support.
Once (X)HTML5 support becomes strong in the major browsers I intend on using XHTML5 in any web projects I do for work. Supporting legacy IE versions will still be a pain, but it will be manageable.