MVC 应用程序的模拟 HttpRequest 和 HttpResponse

Question

我目前正在编写一些单元测试来检查我们编写的 ASP MVC 应用程序的功能和正确工作方式。 在此 MVC 应用程序中，我使用特殊的 ActionFilterAttribute，它允许在向 MVC 应用程序发出请求时进行身份验证。

此 ActionFilterAttribute 的代码是这样的：

using System;
using System.Security.Authentication;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using TenForce.Execution.Framework;
using TenForce.Execution.Api2.Implementation;

namespace TenForce.Execution.Web.Filters
{
     /// <summary>
     /// This class defines a custom Authentication attribute that can be applied on      controllers.
     /// This results in authentication occurring on all actions that are beeing defined in the controller
     /// who implements this filter.
     /// </summary>
     [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = true)]
     public class AuthenticationFilter : ActionFilterAttribute
     {
         #region IAuthorizationFilter Members

         /// <summary>
         /// This function get's called by the Mvc framework prior to performing any actions on
         /// the controller. The function will check if a call is authorized by the caller.
    /// The function will extract the username and password from the HTTP headers send by
    /// the caller and will validate these against the database to see if there is a valid
    /// account for the user.
    /// If the user can be found in the database, operations will resume, otherwise the action
    /// is canceled.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filterContext">The context for the filter.</param>
    public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
        // Call the base operations first.
        base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);

        // Surround the entire authentication process with a try-catch to prevent errors from
        // breaking the code.
        try
        {
            // Extract the custom authorization header from the HTTP headers.
            string customAuthHeader = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.Headers["TenForce-Auth"]));

            // Split the header in the subcomponents.
            string[] components = customAuthHeader.Split('|');

            // Check if both components are present.
            if (components.Length >= 2)
            {
                // This header consists of 2 parts, the username and password, seperate by a vertical pipe.
                string username = components[0] ?? string.Empty;
                string password = components[1] ?? string.Empty;
                string databaseId = Authenticator.ConstructDatabaseId(filterContext.HttpContext.Request.RawUrl);

                // Validate the user against the database.
                if (Authenticator.Authenticate(username, password, databaseId))
                {
                    // The request is valid, so add the custom header to inform the request was
                    // authorized.
                    AllowRequest(filterContext);
                    return;
                }

                throw new InvalidCredentialException(@"The provided username & password combination is invalid. Username : " + username);
            }

            // If we reach this point, the authorization request is no longer valid.
            throw new InvalidCredentialException(@"Insufficient parameters supplied for a valid authentication.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            // Log the exception that has occurred.
            Logger.Log(GetType(), ex);

            // Cancel the request, as we could not properly process it.
            CancelRequest(filterContext);
        }
    }

    #endregion

    #region Private Methods

    /// <summary>
    /// Cancels the Athorization and adds the custom tenforce header to the response to
    /// inform the caller that his call has been denied.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="authContext">The authorizationContxt that needs to be canceled.</param>        
    private static void CancelRequest(ActionExecutingContext authContext)
    {
        authContext.Result = new HttpUnauthorizedResult();
        if (!authContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.ServerVariables[@"SERVER_SOFTWARE"].Contains(@"Microsoft-IIS/7."))
            authContext.HttpContext.Response.AddHeader(@"Tenforce-RAuth", @"DENIED");
        else
            authContext.HttpContext.Response.Headers.Add(@"Tenforce-RAuth", @"DENIED");
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Allows the Authorization and adds the custom tenforce header to the response to
    /// inform the claler that his call has been allowed.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="authContext">The authorizationContext that needs to be allowed.</param>
    private static void AllowRequest(ActionExecutingContext authContext)
    {
        authContext.Result = null;
        if (!authContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.ServerVariables[@"SERVER_SOFTWARE"].Contains(@"Microsoft-IIS/7."))
            authContext.HttpContext.Response.AddHeader(@"Tenforce-RAuth", @"OK");
        else
            authContext.HttpContext.Response.Headers.Add(@"Tenforce-RAuth", @"OK");
    }        

    #endregion
    }
}

我当前面临的问题是我似乎无法正确模拟带有响应标头的部分。我编写了一个 UnitTest，它模拟 HttpRequest 和 HttpResponse 对象并使用请求调用属性函数。我可以遵循代码中的成功登录路径分支进行 IIS7 模拟，因为这依赖于属性，但是当我尝试遵循登录中的 IIS6 分支时，我遇到了空指针异常。

我使用以下代码来构造 MoQ 对象：

/// <summary>
    /// This function is called before running each test and configures the various properties
    /// of the test class so that each test will run with the same settings initialy.
    /// The function will configure the Mock Framework object so that they simulate a proper
    /// web request on the ActionFilter of a Controller.
    /// </summary>
    [SetUp]
    protected void TestSetup()
    {
        // Construct the Mock object required for the test.
        HttpRequest = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
        HttpResponse = new Mock<HttpResponseBase>();
        HttpContext = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
        ActionContext = new Mock<ActionExecutingContext>();
        Filter = new Web.Filters.AuthenticationFilter();

        // Configure the properties to modify the headers, request and response
        // objects starting from the HttpContext base object.
        // Also create the custom header collection and set the test URI.
        ActionContext.SetupGet(c => c.HttpContext).Returns(HttpContext.Object);
        HttpContext.SetupGet(r => r.Request).Returns(HttpRequest.Object);
        HttpContext.SetupGet(r => r.Response).Returns(HttpResponse.Object);
        HttpResponse.SetupGet(x => x.Headers).Returns(new System.Net.WebHeaderCollection());
        HttpRequest.SetupGet(r => r.RawUrl).Returns(@"http://test.tenforce.tst");
    }

实际测试如下所示：

/// <summary>
    /// <para>This test will call the ActionFilter and perform a standard authorization request against the
    /// database using the credentials of the system administrator account. The test relies on the MoQ
    /// framework to mock several of the key components in the MVC Framework such as the HttpRequest, 
    /// HttpResponse and HttpContext objects.</para>
    /// <para>The test expects the authentication to succeed, and relies on the IIS6 implementation.</para>
    /// </summary>
    [Test, MaxDuration]
    public void SuccessfullAuthenticationOnIis6()
    {
        // Configure the Authentication header of the request, so that a valid authentication
        // can take place. We want valid login credentials when the filter requests the header.
        HttpRequest.SetupGet(r => r.Headers).Returns(new System.Net.WebHeaderCollection { { @"TenForce-Auth", CorrectAuthToken } });
        HttpRequest.SetupGet(r => r.ServerVariables).Returns(
            new System.Collections.Specialized.NameValueCollection { { @"SERVER_SOFTWARE", @"Microsoft-IIS/6.0" } });
        HttpResponse.SetupGet(r => r.Headers).Returns(new System.Collections.Specialized.NameValueCollection());
        HttpResponse.Setup(r => r.AddHeader(@"TenForce-RAuth", @"OK"));

        // Call the action on the filter and check the response.
        Filter.OnActionExecuting(ActionContext.Object);

        // Check the ActionResult to null and that the response header contains the correct value.
        Assert.IsTrue(ActionContext.Object.Result == null);
        Assert.IsTrue(ActionContext.Object.HttpContext.Response.Headers["TenForce-RAuth"].Equals(@"OK"));
    }

最后一个断言失败，因为未设置标头。我已使用调试器单步执行代码，并且过滤器实际上设置了标头，因此我认为 MoQ 对象未正确配置为处理请求。

有人可以解释一下如何让我的 HttpResponse 接受 Headers.Add() 请求吗？

Answer 1

看来我已经找到了我必须将以下行添加到我的设置中，以将最小起订量的调用委托给实现：

HttpResponse.Setup(r => r.AddHeader(It.IsAny<string>(), It.IsAny<string>())).Callback<string, string>((x,y) => HttpResponse.Object.Headers.Add(x, y));

相当简单，但你必须知道它......