使用node.js从输入中获取密码

Question

如何使用node.js从输入中获取密码？这意味着您不应该输出在控制台中输入的密码。

Answer 1

您可以使用 read 模块（披露：书面由我） 为此：

在你的 shell 中：

npm install read

然后在你的 JS 中：

var { read } = require('read')
read({ prompt: 'Password: ', silent: true }, function(er, password) {
  console.log('Your password is: %s', password)
})

或者使用 ESM 和 await：

import { read } from "read";

const password = await read({
  prompt: "Password: ",
  silent: true,
  replace: "*" //optional, will print out an asterisk for every typed character 
});
console.log("Your password: " + password);

Answer 2

更新2015 年 12 月 13 日：readline已替换 process.stdin 且 node_stdio 已从 Node 0.5.10 中删除< /a>.

var BACKSPACE = String.fromCharCode(127);


// Probably should use readline
// https://nodejs.org/api/readline.html
function getPassword(prompt, callback) {
    if (prompt) {
      process.stdout.write(prompt);
    }

    var stdin = process.stdin;
    stdin.resume();
    stdin.setRawMode(true);
    stdin.resume();
    stdin.setEncoding('utf8');

    var password = '';
    stdin.on('data', function (ch) {
        ch = ch.toString('utf8');

        switch (ch) {
        case "\n":
        case "\r":
        case "\u0004":
            // They've finished typing their password
            process.stdout.write('\n');
            stdin.setRawMode(false);
            stdin.pause();
            callback(false, password);
            break;
        case "\u0003":
            // Ctrl-C
            callback(true);
            break;
        case BACKSPACE:
            password = password.slice(0, password.length - 1);
            process.stdout.clearLine();
            process.stdout.cursorTo(0);
            process.stdout.write(prompt);
            process.stdout.write(password.split('').map(function () {
              return '*';
            }).join(''));
            break;
        default:
            // More passsword characters
            process.stdout.write('*');
            password += ch;
            break;
        }
    });
}

getPassword('Password: ', (ok, password) => { console.log([ok, password]) } );

Answer 3

为此，我找到了这篇出色的 Google 网上论坛帖子，

其中包含以下片段：

var stdin = process.openStdin()
  , stdio = process.binding("stdio")
stdio.setRawMode()

var password = ""
stdin.on("data", function (c) {
  c = c + ""
  switch (c) {
    case "\n": case "\r": case "\u0004":
      stdio.setRawMode(false)
      console.log("you entered: "+password)
      stdin.pause()
      break
    case "\u0003":
      process.exit()
      break
    default:
      password += c
      break
  }
})

Answer 4

这是我对上面的nailer进行了调整的版本，已更新以获取回调并用于节点0.8的使用：

/**
 * Get a password from stdin.
 *
 * Adapted from <http://stackoverflow.com/a/10357818/122384>.
 *
 * @param prompt {String} Optional prompt. Default 'Password: '.
 * @param callback {Function} `function (cancelled, password)` where
 *      `cancelled` is true if the user aborted (Ctrl+C).
 *
 * Limitations: Not sure if backspace is handled properly.
 */
function getPassword(prompt, callback) {
    if (callback === undefined) {
        callback = prompt;
        prompt = undefined;
    }
    if (prompt === undefined) {
        prompt = 'Password: ';
    }
    if (prompt) {
        process.stdout.write(prompt);
    }

    var stdin = process.stdin;
    stdin.resume();
    stdin.setRawMode(true);
    stdin.resume();
    stdin.setEncoding('utf8');

    var password = '';
    stdin.on('data', function (ch) {
        ch = ch + "";

        switch (ch) {
        case "\n":
        case "\r":
        case "\u0004":
            // They've finished typing their password
            process.stdout.write('\n');
            stdin.setRawMode(false);
            stdin.pause();
            callback(false, password);
            break;
        case "\u0003":
            // Ctrl-C
            callback(true);
            break;
        default:
            // More passsword characters
            process.stdout.write('*');
            password += ch;
            break;
        }
    });
}

Answer 5

如何在没有回调的情况下使用read

通过async/await，我们可以通过遵循标准模式：

const readCb = require('read')

async function read(opts) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    readCb(opts, (err, line) => {
      if (err) {
        reject(err)
      } else {
        resolve(line)
      }
    })
  })
}

;(async () => {
  const password = await read({ prompt: 'Password: ', silent: true })
  console.log(password)
})()

令人烦恼的是，您必须将 async/await 传播到整个调用堆栈，但这通常是正确的方法，因为它清楚地标记了什么是异步的或不是异步的。

在“read”上测试：“1.0.7”，Node.js v14.17.0。

TODO 如果稍后尝试通过 fs.readFileSync(0) 再次使用 stdin，如何防止 EAGAIN 错误？

read 和 https://stackoverflow.com/a/10357818/895245 导致将来尝试使用 fs.readFileSync(0) 从标准输入读取 与 EAGAIN 决裂。不知道如何解决这个问题。复制：

const fs = require('fs')
const readCb = require('read')

async function read(opts) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    readCb(opts, (err, line) => {
      resolve([err, line])
    })
  })
}

;(async () => {
  const [err, password] = await read({ prompt: 'Password: ', silent: true })
  console.log(password)
  console.log(fs.readFileSync(0).toString())
})()

或：

#!/usr/bin/env node

const fs = require('fs')

var BACKSPACE = String.fromCharCode(127);

// Probably should use readline
// https://nodejs.org/api/readline.html
function getPassword(prompt, callback) {
    if (prompt) {
      process.stdout.write(prompt);
    }

    var stdin = process.stdin;
    stdin.resume();
    stdin.setRawMode(true);
    stdin.resume();
    stdin.setEncoding('utf8');

    var password = '';
    stdin.on('data', function (ch) {
        ch = ch.toString('utf8');

        switch (ch) {
        case "\n":
        case "\r":
        case "\u0004":
            // They've finished typing their password
            process.stdout.write('\n');
            stdin.setRawMode(false);
            stdin.pause();
            callback(false, password);
            break;
        case "\u0003":
            // Ctrl-C
            callback(true);
            break;
        case BACKSPACE:
            password = password.slice(0, password.length - 1);
            process.stdout.clearLine();
            process.stdout.cursorTo(0);
            process.stdout.write(prompt);
            process.stdout.write(password.split('').map(function () {
              return '*';
            }).join(''));
            break;
        default:
            // More passsword characters
            process.stdout.write('*');
            password += ch;
            break;
        }
    });
}

async function read(opts) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    getPassword(opts, (err, line) => {
      resolve([err, line])
    })
  })
}

;(async () => {
  const [err, password] = await read('Password: ')
  console.log(password)
  console.log(fs.readFileSync(0).toString())
})()

错误：

fs.js:614
  handleErrorFromBinding(ctx);
  ^

Error: EAGAIN: resource temporarily unavailable, read
    at Object.readSync (fs.js:614:3)
    at tryReadSync (fs.js:383:20)
    at Object.readFileSync (fs.js:420:19)
    at /home/ciro/test/main.js:70:18
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:95:5) {
  errno: -11,
  syscall: 'read',
  code: 'EAGAIN'
}

询问于：https://github.com/npm/read/issues /39