PersistenceContext EntityManager注入NullPointerException
我有一个包含以下内容的战争:
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/persistence.xml
WEB-INF/classes/com/test/service/TestServlet.class
WEB-INF/classes/com/test/service/TestEntity.class
WEB-INF/classes/jndi.properties
WEB-INF/classes/postgresql-ds.xml
WEB-INF/jboss-web.xml
WEB-INF/web.xml
index.jsp
persistence.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0">
<persistence-unit name="test">
<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
<jta-data-source>java:/TestDS</jta-data-source>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect"/>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
web.xml:
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Test Web Application</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>resteasy.scan</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.server.servlet.ResteasyBootstrap</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Resteasy</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.server.servlet.HttpServletDispatcher</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Resteasy</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/service/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<resource-ref>
<res-ref-name>TestDS</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
<res-sharing-scope>Shareable</res-sharing-scope>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
我的 TestServlet 类如下:
package com.test.service;
import java.util.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.ws.rs.*;
@Path("/service")
public class TestService {
@PersistenceContext(unitName = "test")
private EntityManager em;
@GET
@Path("/get")
@Produces("application/json")
public List get() {
return em.createQuery("from TestEntity").getResultList();
}
}
当调用 get() 方法时,我得到一个 NullPointerException; EntityManager 尚未被注入。关于我可能缺少什么或如何诊断它有什么建议吗?服务器日志中的内容很少。
我确信我在没有 jboss-web.xml 或 web.xml 中的数据源条目的情况下也能正常工作。我也将 ds.xml 单独部署到了部署目录,并且肯定已被选中 - 我可以在 JMX 控制台中看到它。
尝试使用 JBoss 4.2.3 和 6.0 版本,结果相同。
I have a war containing the following:
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/persistence.xml
WEB-INF/classes/com/test/service/TestServlet.class
WEB-INF/classes/com/test/service/TestEntity.class
WEB-INF/classes/jndi.properties
WEB-INF/classes/postgresql-ds.xml
WEB-INF/jboss-web.xml
WEB-INF/web.xml
index.jsp
persistence.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0">
<persistence-unit name="test">
<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
<jta-data-source>java:/TestDS</jta-data-source>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect"/>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
web.xml:
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Test Web Application</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>resteasy.scan</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.server.servlet.ResteasyBootstrap</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Resteasy</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.server.servlet.HttpServletDispatcher</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Resteasy</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/service/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<resource-ref>
<res-ref-name>TestDS</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
<res-sharing-scope>Shareable</res-sharing-scope>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
My TestServlet class is as follows:
package com.test.service;
import java.util.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.ws.rs.*;
@Path("/service")
public class TestService {
@PersistenceContext(unitName = "test")
private EntityManager em;
@GET
@Path("/get")
@Produces("application/json")
public List get() {
return em.createQuery("from TestEntity").getResultList();
}
}
When the get() method is invoked I get a NullPointerException; the EntityManager hasn't been injected. Any suggestions on what I might be missing or how I can diagnose it? There's very little in the server log.
I'm sure I had this working without the jboss-web.xml or the datasource entry in web.xml. I've deployed the ds.xml to the deploy directory separately too and that's definitely picked up - I can see it in the JMX console.
Tried using JBoss 4.2.3 and a 6.0 build with the same result.
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实体管理器只能注入到事务内运行的类中。换句话说,它只能注入到EJB中。其他类必须使用 EntityManagerFactory 来创建和销毁 EntityManager。
由于您的 TestService 不是 EJB,因此注释 @PersistenceContext 将被忽略。不仅如此,在 JavaEE 5 中,无法在 JAX-RS 服务中注入 EntityManager 或 EntityManagerFactory。您必须使用 JavaEE 6 服务器(JBoss 6、Glassfish 3 等)。
下面是注入 EntityManagerFactory 的示例:
这里最简单的方法是将您的服务声明为 EJB 3.1,假设您使用的是 JavaEE 6 服务器。
相关问题:
将 EJB 注入 JAX-RS(RESTful 服务)
An entity manager can only be injected in classes running inside a transaction. In other words, it can only be injected in a EJB. Other classe must use an EntityManagerFactory to create and destroy an EntityManager.
Since your TestService is not an EJB, the annotation @PersistenceContext is simply ignored. Not only that, in JavaEE 5, it's not possible to inject an EntityManager nor an EntityManagerFactory in a JAX-RS Service. You have to go with a JavaEE 6 server (JBoss 6, Glassfish 3, etc).
Here's an example of injecting an EntityManagerFactory:
The easiest way to go here is to declare your service as a EJB 3.1, assuming you're using a JavaEE 6 server.
Related question:
Inject an EJB into JAX-RS (RESTful service)
如果组件是 EJB,那么注入 EM 应该不会有问题。
但是......在 JBoss 5 中,JAX-RS 集成不是很好。如果您有 EJB,则无法使用扫描,并且必须在 context-param Resteasy.jndi.resource 中手动列出。如果您仍在扫描,Resteasy 将扫描资源类并将其注册为普通 JAX-RS 服务并处理生命周期。
这可能就是问题所在。
If the component is an EJB, then, there shouldn't be a problem injecting an EM.
But....In JBoss 5, the JAX-RS integration isn't great. If you have an EJB, you cannot use scanning and you must manually list in the context-param resteasy.jndi.resource. If you still have scanning on, Resteasy will scan for the resource class and register it as a vanilla JAX-RS service and handle the lifecycle.
This is probably the problem.
如果实体类中有任何 NamedQueries,请检查堆栈跟踪是否有编译错误。无法编译的格式错误的查询可能会导致无法加载持久性上下文。
If you have any NamedQueries in your entity classes, then check the stack trace for compilation errors. A malformed query which cannot be compiled can cause failure to load the persistence context.