R:将表达式传递给内部函数
进一步深入研究R评估的奥秘...这与我之前的问题密切相关( 如何编写计算数据帧内表达式的 R 函数)。假设我想编写一个函数 topfn
,它接受一个数据帧和一个涉及该数据帧的列名的表达式。我想将这两个参数传递给另一个函数 fn
,该函数实际上计算数据帧“环境”内的表达式。 我希望 fn
和 topfn
在传递数据帧和表达式时都能正常工作
我的第一次尝试,如答案中所建议的上面的问题是定义:
fn <- function(dfr, expr) {
mf <- match.call()
eval( mf$expr, envir = dfr )
}
并像这样定义 topfn
:
topfn <- function(df, ex) {
mf <- match.call()
fn(df, mf$ex)
}
现在,如果我有一个数据框,
df <- data.frame( a = 1:5, b = 1:5 )
内部函数 fn
可以正常工作:
> fn(df,a)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
但是 topfn< /code> 不起作用:
> topfn(df,a)
mf$ex
为了解决这个问题,我首先检查 topfn(df,a)
的类,
> class(topfn(df,a))
[1] "call"
这给了我一个重新定义 fn
的丑陋黑客的想法> 如下:
fn <- function(dfr, expr) {
mf <- match.call()
res <- eval(mf$expr, envir = dfr)
if(class(res) == 'call')
eval(expr, envir = dfr) else
res
}
现在两个函数都可以工作:
> fn(df,a)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
> topfn(df,a)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
正如我所说,这看起来像是一个丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的方法(或更标准的习惯用法)来让这些工作? 我查阅了 Lumley 的名称奇怪的标准非标准评估规则文档 http://developer.r- project.org/nonstandard-eval.pdf,但读完后并没有特别受启发。任何指向我可以查看示例的函数源代码的指针也很有帮助。
Further delving into the mysteries of R evaluation...This is closely related to my previous question ( How to write an R function that evaluates an expression within a data-frame ). Let's say I want to write a function topfn
that takes a data-frame and an expression involving column-names of that data-frame. I want to pass both these arguments on to another function fn
that actually evaluates the expression within the "environment" of the data-frame. And I want both fn
and topfn
to work correctly when passed a data-frame and an expression
My first attempt, as suggested in the answer to the above question, is to define:
fn <- function(dfr, expr) {
mf <- match.call()
eval( mf$expr, envir = dfr )
}
And define topfn
like this:
topfn <- function(df, ex) {
mf <- match.call()
fn(df, mf$ex)
}
Now if I have a data-frame
df <- data.frame( a = 1:5, b = 1:5 )
the inner function fn
works fine:
> fn(df,a)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
But the topfn
does not work:
> topfn(df,a)
mf$ex
To fix this I first check the class of topfn(df,a)
,
> class(topfn(df,a))
[1] "call"
This gives me an idea for an ugly hack to re-define fn
as follows:
fn <- function(dfr, expr) {
mf <- match.call()
res <- eval(mf$expr, envir = dfr)
if(class(res) == 'call')
eval(expr, envir = dfr) else
res
}
And now both functions work:
> fn(df,a)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
> topfn(df,a)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
As I said, this looks like an ugly hack. Is there a better way (or more standard idiom) to get these working?
I've consulted Lumley's curiously-named Standard NonStandard Evaluation Rules document http://developer.r-project.org/nonstandard-eval.pdf but wasn't particularly enlightened after reading it. Also helpful would be any pointers to source-code of functions I can look at for examples.
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通过将字符串传递到 topfn 而不是表达式中,可以最轻松地避免这种情况。
编辑:
您可以让用户传递表达式,但为了方便起见,请在下面使用字符串。
将
topfn
更改为另一个编辑:
这似乎有效:
This is most easily avoided by passing strings into
topfn
instead of expressions.EDIT:
You could let the user pass expressions in, but use strings underneath for your convenience.
Change
topfn
toANOTHER EDIT:
This seems to work:
您可以使用三个点来收集参数并将它们传递给另一个函数,这是您的意思吗?
You can use three dots to gather arguments and pass them to another function, is that what you mean?