UIGraphicsBeginImageContext 与 CGBitmapContextCreate

发布于 2024-10-11 13:54:41 字数 6508 浏览 5 评论 0原文

我正在尝试更改后台线程中图像的颜色。
苹果文档说 UIGraphicsBeginImageContext 只能从主线程调用,我正在尝试使用 CGBitmapContextCreate:

上下文 = CGBitmapContextCreate (位图数据, 像素宽, 像素高, 8, // 每个组件的位数

 位图BytesPerRow,
                             色彩空间,
                             kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);

我有两个版本的“changeColor”,第一个使用 UIGraphisBeginImageContext,第二个使用 CGBitmapContextCreate。

第一个正确地改变了颜色,但第二个没有。
这是为什么?

- (UIImage*) changeColor: (UIColor*) aColor
{
    if(aColor == nil)
        return self;

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.size);

    CGRect bounds;
    bounds.origin = CGPointMake(0,0);
    bounds.size = self.size;
    [aColor set];

    CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0, self.size.height);
    CGContextScaleCTM(context, 1.0, -1.0);

    CGContextClipToMask(context, bounds, [self CGImage]);
    CGContextFillRect(context, bounds);

    UIImage *img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return img;
}

- (UIImage*) changeColor: (UIColor*) aColor
{
    if(aColor == nil)
        return self;

    CGContextRef context = CreateARGBBitmapContext(self.size);

    CGRect bounds;
    bounds.origin = CGPointMake(0,0);
    bounds.size = self.size;

    CGColorRef colorRef = aColor.CGColor;
    const CGFloat *components = CGColorGetComponents(colorRef);
    float red = components[0];
    float green = components[1];
    float blue = components[2];

    CGContextSetRGBFillColor(context, red, green, blue, 1);


    CGContextClipToMask(context, bounds, [self CGImage]);
    CGContextFillRect(context, bounds);

    CGImageRef imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);
    UIImage* img = [UIImage imageWithCGImage: imageRef];
    unsigned char* data = (unsigned char*)CGBitmapContextGetData (context);  
    CGContextRelease(context);
    free(data);

    return img;
}

CGContextRef CreateARGBBitmapContext(CGSize size)
{
    CGContextRef    context = NULL;
    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace;
    void *          bitmapData;
    int             bitmapByteCount;
    int             bitmapBytesPerRow;

    // Get image width, height. We'll use the entire image.                                                                                                                                                                                 
    size_t pixelsWide = size.width;
    size_t pixelsHigh = size.height;

    // Declare the number of bytes per row. Each pixel in the bitmap in this                                                                                                                                                                
    // example is represented by 4 bytes; 8 bits each of red, green, blue, and                                                                                                                                                              
    // alpha.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
    bitmapBytesPerRow   = (pixelsWide * 4);
    bitmapByteCount     = (bitmapBytesPerRow * pixelsHigh);

    // Use the generic RGB color space.                                                                                                                                                                                                     
    colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();

    if (colorSpace == NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error allocating color space\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    // Allocate memory for image data. This is the destination in memory                                                                                                                                                                    
    // where any drawing to the bitmap context will be rendered.                                                                                                                                                                            
    bitmapData = malloc( bitmapByteCount );
    if (bitmapData == NULL)
    {
        fprintf (stderr, "Memory not allocated!");
        CGColorSpaceRelease( colorSpace );
        return NULL;
    }
    // Create the bitmap context. We want pre-multiplied ARGB, 8-bits                                                                                                                                                                       
    // per component. Regardless of what the source image format is                                                                                                                                                                         
    // (CMYK, Grayscale, and so on) it will be converted over to the format                                                                                                                                                                 
    // specified here by CGBitmapContextCreate.                                                                                                                                                                                             
    context = CGBitmapContextCreate (bitmapData,
                                     pixelsWide,
                                     pixelsHigh,
                                     8,      // bits per component                                                                                                                                                                          
                                     bitmapBytesPerRow,
                                     colorSpace,
                                     kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);
    if (context == NULL)
    {
        free (bitmapData);
        fprintf (stderr, "Context not created!");
    }

    // Make sure and release colorspace before returning                                                                                                                                                                                    
    CGColorSpaceRelease( colorSpace );

    return context;

}

I'm trying to change color of an image in a background thread.
Apple doc says UIGraphicsBeginImageContext can only be called from main thread, and I'm trying to use CGBitmapContextCreate:

context = CGBitmapContextCreate
(bitmapData,
pixelsWide,
pixelsHigh,
8, // bits per component

                             bitmapBytesPerRow,
                             colorSpace,
                             kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);

I have two versions of "changeColor" first one using UIGraphisBeginImageContext, second one using CGBitmapContextCreate.

The first one correctly changes color, but second one doesn't.
Why is that?

- (UIImage*) changeColor: (UIColor*) aColor
{
    if(aColor == nil)
        return self;

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.size);

    CGRect bounds;
    bounds.origin = CGPointMake(0,0);
    bounds.size = self.size;
    [aColor set];

    CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0, self.size.height);
    CGContextScaleCTM(context, 1.0, -1.0);

    CGContextClipToMask(context, bounds, [self CGImage]);
    CGContextFillRect(context, bounds);

    UIImage *img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return img;
}

- (UIImage*) changeColor: (UIColor*) aColor
{
    if(aColor == nil)
        return self;

    CGContextRef context = CreateARGBBitmapContext(self.size);

    CGRect bounds;
    bounds.origin = CGPointMake(0,0);
    bounds.size = self.size;

    CGColorRef colorRef = aColor.CGColor;
    const CGFloat *components = CGColorGetComponents(colorRef);
    float red = components[0];
    float green = components[1];
    float blue = components[2];

    CGContextSetRGBFillColor(context, red, green, blue, 1);


    CGContextClipToMask(context, bounds, [self CGImage]);
    CGContextFillRect(context, bounds);

    CGImageRef imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);
    UIImage* img = [UIImage imageWithCGImage: imageRef];
    unsigned char* data = (unsigned char*)CGBitmapContextGetData (context);  
    CGContextRelease(context);
    free(data);

    return img;
}

CGContextRef CreateARGBBitmapContext(CGSize size)
{
    CGContextRef    context = NULL;
    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace;
    void *          bitmapData;
    int             bitmapByteCount;
    int             bitmapBytesPerRow;

    // Get image width, height. We'll use the entire image.                                                                                                                                                                                 
    size_t pixelsWide = size.width;
    size_t pixelsHigh = size.height;

    // Declare the number of bytes per row. Each pixel in the bitmap in this                                                                                                                                                                
    // example is represented by 4 bytes; 8 bits each of red, green, blue, and                                                                                                                                                              
    // alpha.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
    bitmapBytesPerRow   = (pixelsWide * 4);
    bitmapByteCount     = (bitmapBytesPerRow * pixelsHigh);

    // Use the generic RGB color space.                                                                                                                                                                                                     
    colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();

    if (colorSpace == NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error allocating color space\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    // Allocate memory for image data. This is the destination in memory                                                                                                                                                                    
    // where any drawing to the bitmap context will be rendered.                                                                                                                                                                            
    bitmapData = malloc( bitmapByteCount );
    if (bitmapData == NULL)
    {
        fprintf (stderr, "Memory not allocated!");
        CGColorSpaceRelease( colorSpace );
        return NULL;
    }
    // Create the bitmap context. We want pre-multiplied ARGB, 8-bits                                                                                                                                                                       
    // per component. Regardless of what the source image format is                                                                                                                                                                         
    // (CMYK, Grayscale, and so on) it will be converted over to the format                                                                                                                                                                 
    // specified here by CGBitmapContextCreate.                                                                                                                                                                                             
    context = CGBitmapContextCreate (bitmapData,
                                     pixelsWide,
                                     pixelsHigh,
                                     8,      // bits per component                                                                                                                                                                          
                                     bitmapBytesPerRow,
                                     colorSpace,
                                     kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);
    if (context == NULL)
    {
        free (bitmapData);
        fprintf (stderr, "Context not created!");
    }

    // Make sure and release colorspace before returning                                                                                                                                                                                    
    CGColorSpaceRelease( colorSpace );

    return context;

}

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野却迷人 2024-10-18 13:54:41

第二种方法是做第一种方法从未做过的工作。下面是对第二种方法的调整,以更紧密地匹配第一种方法:

- (UIImage*) changeColor: (UIColor*) aColor
{
    if(aColor == nil)
        return self;

    CGContextRef context = CreateARGBBitmapContext(self.size);

    CGRect bounds;
    bounds.origin = CGPointMake(0,0);
    bounds.size = self.size;

    CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(aColor.CGColor);

    CGContextClipToMask(context, bounds, [self CGImage]);
    CGContextFillRect(context, bounds);

    CGImageRef imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);
    UIImage* img = [UIImage imageWithCGImage: imageRef];
    CGContextRelease(context);

    return img;
}

我所做的两个更改是将其转换为使用 CGContextSetFillColorWithColor() ,并且删除了危险且不正确的 free()位图上下文的支持数据的。如果此代码片段的行为与第一个代码片段不同,那么您必须查看 CreateARGBBitmapContext() 的实现以验证其是否正确。

当然,正如 Brad Larson 在评论中提到的,如果您的目标是 iOS 4.0 及更高版本,UIKit 图形方法(根据发行说明)是线程安全的,您应该能够使用第一个方法就可以了。

Your second method is doing work that the first never did. Here's an adjustment of the second method to more closely match the first one:

- (UIImage*) changeColor: (UIColor*) aColor
{
    if(aColor == nil)
        return self;

    CGContextRef context = CreateARGBBitmapContext(self.size);

    CGRect bounds;
    bounds.origin = CGPointMake(0,0);
    bounds.size = self.size;

    CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(aColor.CGColor);

    CGContextClipToMask(context, bounds, [self CGImage]);
    CGContextFillRect(context, bounds);

    CGImageRef imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);
    UIImage* img = [UIImage imageWithCGImage: imageRef];
    CGContextRelease(context);

    return img;
}

The two changes I made were I converted this to use CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(), and I removed the dangerous and incorrect free() of the backing data of the bitmap context. If this code snippet does not behave identically to the first one, then you will have to look at your implementation of CreateARGBBitmapContext() to verify that it is correct.

Of course, as Brad Larson mentioned in the comments, if you're targeting iOS 4.0 and above, the UIKit graphics methods are (according to the release notes) thread-safe and you should be able to use the first method just fine.

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