如何在动态sql语句中使用表变量?

发布于 2024-10-11 01:14:27 字数 571 浏览 10 评论 0原文

在我的存储过程中,我在过程顶部声明了两个表变量。现在我尝试在动态 sql 语句中使用该表变量,但在执行该过程时收到此错误。我正在使用 Sql Server 2008。

这就是我的查询的样子,

set @col_name =  'Assoc_Item_' 
              + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1);

set @sqlstat = 'update @RelPro set ' 
             + @col_name 
             + ' = (Select relsku From @TSku Where tid = ' 
             + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1) + ') Where RowID = ' 
             + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row);

Exec(@sqlstat);

我收到以下错误,

必须声明表变量“@RelPro”。 必须声明表变量“@TSku”。

我尝试将表置于动态查询的字符串块之外,但无济于事。

In my stored procedure I declared two table variables on top of my procedure. Now I am trying to use that table variable within a dynamic sql statement but I get this error at the time of execution of that procedure. I am using Sql Server 2008.

This is how my query looks like,

set @col_name =  'Assoc_Item_' 
              + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1);

set @sqlstat = 'update @RelPro set ' 
             + @col_name 
             + ' = (Select relsku From @TSku Where tid = ' 
             + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1) + ') Where RowID = ' 
             + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row);

Exec(@sqlstat);

And I get the following errors,

Must declare the table variable "@RelPro".
Must declare the table variable "@TSku".

I have tried to take the table outside of the string block of dynamic query but to no avail.

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评论(8

白衬杉格子梦 2024-10-18 01:14:27

在 SQL Server 2008+ 上,只要您不需要更新表本身中的值,就可以使用表值参数将表变量传递到动态 SQL 语句。

因此,根据您发布的代码,您可以将此方法用于 @TSku,但不能用于 @RelPro

下面的示例语法。

CREATE TYPE MyTable AS TABLE 
( 
Foo int,
Bar int
);
GO


DECLARE @T AS MyTable;

INSERT INTO @T VALUES (1,2), (2,3)

SELECT *,
        sys.fn_PhysLocFormatter(%%physloc%%) AS [physloc]
FROM @T

EXEC sp_executesql
  N'SELECT *,
        sys.fn_PhysLocFormatter(%%physloc%%) AS [physloc]
    FROM @T',
  N'@T MyTable READONLY',
  @T=@T 

包含 physloc 列只是为了证明子作用域中引用的表变量绝对与外部作用域相同,而不是副本。

On SQL Server 2008+ it is possible to use Table Valued Parameters to pass in a table variable to a dynamic SQL statement as long as you don't need to update the values in the table itself.

So from the code you posted you could use this approach for @TSku but not for @RelPro

Example syntax below.

CREATE TYPE MyTable AS TABLE 
( 
Foo int,
Bar int
);
GO


DECLARE @T AS MyTable;

INSERT INTO @T VALUES (1,2), (2,3)

SELECT *,
        sys.fn_PhysLocFormatter(%%physloc%%) AS [physloc]
FROM @T

EXEC sp_executesql
  N'SELECT *,
        sys.fn_PhysLocFormatter(%%physloc%%) AS [physloc]
    FROM @T',
  N'@T MyTable READONLY',
  @T=@T 

The physloc column is included just to demonstrate that the table variable referenced in the child scope is definitely the same one as the outer scope rather than a copy.

ゞ记忆︶ㄣ 2024-10-18 01:14:27

您的 EXEC 在不同的上下文中执行,因此它不知道在原始上下文中声明的任何变量。您应该能够使用临时表而不是表变量,如下面的简单演示所示。

create table #t (id int)

declare @value nchar(1)
set @value = N'1'

declare @sql nvarchar(max)
set @sql = N'insert into #t (id) values (' + @value + N')'

exec (@sql)

select * from #t

drop table #t

Your EXEC executes in a different context, therefore it is not aware of any variables that have been declared in your original context. You should be able to use a temp table instead of a table variable as shown in the simple demo below.

create table #t (id int)

declare @value nchar(1)
set @value = N'1'

declare @sql nvarchar(max)
set @sql = N'insert into #t (id) values (' + @value + N')'

exec (@sql)

select * from #t

drop table #t
泼猴你往哪里跑 2024-10-18 01:14:27

您不必使用动态 SQL

update
    R
set
    Assoc_Item_1 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 1 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_1 END,
    Assoc_Item_2 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 2 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_2 END,
    Assoc_Item_3 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 3 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_3 END,
    Assoc_Item_4 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 4 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_4 END,
    Assoc_Item_5 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 5 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_5 END,
    ...
from
    (Select relsku From @TSku Where tid = @curr_row1) foo
    CROSS JOIN
    @RelPro R
Where
     R.RowID = @curr_row;

You don't have to use dynamic SQL

update
    R
set
    Assoc_Item_1 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 1 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_1 END,
    Assoc_Item_2 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 2 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_2 END,
    Assoc_Item_3 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 3 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_3 END,
    Assoc_Item_4 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 4 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_4 END,
    Assoc_Item_5 = CASE WHEN @curr_row = 5 THEN foo.relsku ELSE Assoc_Item_5 END,
    ...
from
    (Select relsku From @TSku Where tid = @curr_row1) foo
    CROSS JOIN
    @RelPro R
Where
     R.RowID = @curr_row;
厌味 2024-10-18 01:14:27

您不能这样做,因为表变量超出了范围。

您必须在动态 SQL 语句中声明表变量或创建临时表。

我建议您阅读这篇关于动态 SQL 的优秀文章。

http://www.sommarskog.se/dynamic_sql.html

You can't do this because the table variables are out of scope.

You would have to declare the table variable inside the dynamic SQL statement or create temporary tables.

I would suggest you read this excellent article on dynamic SQL.

http://www.sommarskog.se/dynamic_sql.html

酷遇一生 2024-10-18 01:14:27

好吧,我找到了方法,并想与可能遇到同样问题的人分享。

让我从我一直面临的问题开始,

我一直在尝试执行一个动态 Sql 语句,该语句使用我在存储过程顶部声明的两个临时表,但是因为该动态 sql 语句创建了一个新范围,所以我无法不要使用临时表。

解决方案:

我只是将它们更改为全局临时变量并且它们起作用了。

在下面找到我的存储过程。

CREATE PROCEDURE RAFCustom_Room_GetRelatedProducts
-- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
@PRODUCT_SKU nvarchar(15) = Null

作为
开始
-- 添加 SET NOCOUNT ON 以防止额外的结果集
-- 干扰 SELECT 语句。
设置不计数;

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##RelPro', 'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE ##RelPro
END

Create Table ##RelPro
(
    RowID int identity(1,1),
    ID int,
    Item_Name nvarchar(max),
    SKU nvarchar(max),
    Vendor nvarchar(max),
    Product_Img_180 nvarchar(max),
    rpGroup int,
    Assoc_Item_1 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_2 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_3 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_4 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_5 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_6 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_7 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_8 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_9 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_10 nvarchar(max)
);

Begin
    Insert ##RelPro(ID, Item_Name, SKU, Vendor, Product_Img_180, rpGroup)

    Select distinct zp.ProductID, zp.Name, zp.SKU,
        (Select m.Name From ZNodeManufacturer m(nolock) Where m.ManufacturerID = zp.ManufacturerID),
        'http://s0001.server.com/is/sw11/DG/' + 
        (Select m.Custom1 From ZNodeManufacturer m(nolock) Where m.ManufacturerID = zp.ManufacturerID) +
        '_' + zp.SKU + '_3?$SC_3243

结尾

, ep.RoomID From Product zp(nolock) Inner Join RF_ExtendedProduct ep(nolock) On ep.ProductID = zp.ProductID Where zp.ActiveInd = 1 And SUBSTRING(zp.SKU, 1, 2) <> 'GC' AND zp.Name <> 'PLATINUM' AND zp.SKU = (Case When @PRODUCT_SKU Is Not Null Then @PRODUCT_SKU Else zp.SKU End) End declare @curr_row int = 0, @tot_rows int= 0, @sku nvarchar(15) = null; IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##TSku', 'U') IS NOT NULL BEGIN DROP TABLE ##TSku END Create Table ##TSku (tid int identity(1,1), relsku nvarchar(15)); Select @curr_row = (Select MIN(RowId) From ##RelPro); Select @tot_rows = (Select MAX(RowId) From ##RelPro); while @curr_row <= @tot_rows Begin select @sku = SKU from ##RelPro where RowID = @curr_row; truncate table ##TSku; Insert ##TSku(relsku) Select distinct top(10) tzp.SKU From Product tzp(nolock) INNER JOIN [INTRANET].raf_FocusAssociatedItem assoc(nolock) ON assoc.associatedItemID = tzp.SKU Where (assoc.isActive=1) And (tzp.ActiveInd = 1) AND (assoc.productID = @sku) declare @curr_row1 int = (Select Min(tid) From ##TSku), @tot_rows1 int = (Select Max(tid) From ##TSku); If(@tot_rows1 <> 0) Begin While @curr_row1 <= @tot_rows1 Begin declare @col_name nvarchar(15) = null, @sqlstat nvarchar(500) = null; set @col_name = 'Assoc_Item_' + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1); set @sqlstat = 'update ##RelPro set ' + @col_name + ' = (Select relsku From ##TSku Where tid = ' + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1) + ') Where RowID = ' + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row); Exec(@sqlstat); set @curr_row1 = @curr_row1 + 1; End End set @curr_row = @curr_row + 1; End Select * From ##RelPro;

结尾

Well, I figured out the way and thought to share with the people out there who might run into the same problem.

Let me start with the problem I had been facing,

I had been trying to execute a Dynamic Sql Statement that used two temporary tables I declared at the top of my stored procedure, but because that dynamic sql statment created a new scope, I couldn't use the temporary tables.

Solution:

I simply changed them to Global Temporary Variables and they worked.

Find my stored procedure underneath.

CREATE PROCEDURE RAFCustom_Room_GetRelatedProducts
-- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
@PRODUCT_SKU nvarchar(15) = Null

AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##RelPro', 'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE ##RelPro
END

Create Table ##RelPro
(
    RowID int identity(1,1),
    ID int,
    Item_Name nvarchar(max),
    SKU nvarchar(max),
    Vendor nvarchar(max),
    Product_Img_180 nvarchar(max),
    rpGroup int,
    Assoc_Item_1 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_2 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_3 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_4 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_5 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_6 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_7 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_8 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_9 nvarchar(max),
    Assoc_Item_10 nvarchar(max)
);

Begin
    Insert ##RelPro(ID, Item_Name, SKU, Vendor, Product_Img_180, rpGroup)

    Select distinct zp.ProductID, zp.Name, zp.SKU,
        (Select m.Name From ZNodeManufacturer m(nolock) Where m.ManufacturerID = zp.ManufacturerID),
        'http://s0001.server.com/is/sw11/DG/' + 
        (Select m.Custom1 From ZNodeManufacturer m(nolock) Where m.ManufacturerID = zp.ManufacturerID) +
        '_' + zp.SKU + '_3?$SC_3243

END
GO

, ep.RoomID From Product zp(nolock) Inner Join RF_ExtendedProduct ep(nolock) On ep.ProductID = zp.ProductID Where zp.ActiveInd = 1 And SUBSTRING(zp.SKU, 1, 2) <> 'GC' AND zp.Name <> 'PLATINUM' AND zp.SKU = (Case When @PRODUCT_SKU Is Not Null Then @PRODUCT_SKU Else zp.SKU End) End declare @curr_row int = 0, @tot_rows int= 0, @sku nvarchar(15) = null; IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##TSku', 'U') IS NOT NULL BEGIN DROP TABLE ##TSku END Create Table ##TSku (tid int identity(1,1), relsku nvarchar(15)); Select @curr_row = (Select MIN(RowId) From ##RelPro); Select @tot_rows = (Select MAX(RowId) From ##RelPro); while @curr_row <= @tot_rows Begin select @sku = SKU from ##RelPro where RowID = @curr_row; truncate table ##TSku; Insert ##TSku(relsku) Select distinct top(10) tzp.SKU From Product tzp(nolock) INNER JOIN [INTRANET].raf_FocusAssociatedItem assoc(nolock) ON assoc.associatedItemID = tzp.SKU Where (assoc.isActive=1) And (tzp.ActiveInd = 1) AND (assoc.productID = @sku) declare @curr_row1 int = (Select Min(tid) From ##TSku), @tot_rows1 int = (Select Max(tid) From ##TSku); If(@tot_rows1 <> 0) Begin While @curr_row1 <= @tot_rows1 Begin declare @col_name nvarchar(15) = null, @sqlstat nvarchar(500) = null; set @col_name = 'Assoc_Item_' + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1); set @sqlstat = 'update ##RelPro set ' + @col_name + ' = (Select relsku From ##TSku Where tid = ' + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row1) + ') Where RowID = ' + Convert(nvarchar(2), @curr_row); Exec(@sqlstat); set @curr_row1 = @curr_row1 + 1; End End set @curr_row = @curr_row + 1; End Select * From ##RelPro;

END
GO

心欲静而疯不止 2024-10-18 01:14:27

我认为这是不可能的(尽管请参阅下面的更新);据我所知,表变量仅存在于声明它的范围内。但是,您可以使用临时表(使用创建表语法并在表名前添加 # 符号),并且可以在以下范围内访问该临时表:创建它以及动态语句的范围。

更新:请参阅 Martin Smith 的答案,了解如何使用表值参数将表变量传递到动态 SQL 语句。另请注意提到的限制:表值参数是只读的。

I don't think that is possible (though refer to the update below); as far as I know a table variable only exists within the scope that declared it. You can, however, use a temp table (use the create table syntax and prefix your table name with the # symbol), and that will be accessible within both the scope that creates it and the scope of your dynamic statement.

UPDATE: Refer to Martin Smith's answer for how to use a table-valued parameter to pass a table variable in to a dynamic SQL statement. Also note the limitation mentioned: table-valued parameters are read-only.

以下是使用动态 T-SQL 查询的示例,如果您有多个返回值列(请注意动态表名称),则提取结果:

DECLARE 
@strSQLMain nvarchar(1000),
@recAPD_number_key char(10),    
@Census_sub_code varchar(1),
@recAPD_field_name char(100),
@recAPD_table_name char(100),
@NUMBER_KEY varchar(10),

if object_id('[Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]') is not null 

    DROP TABLE [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]

CREATE TABLE [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]
(
    [MyCol1] char(10) NULL,
    [MyCol2] char(1) NULL,

)   
-- an example of what @strSQLMain is : @strSQLMain = SELECT @recAPD_number_key = [NUMBER_KEY], @Census_sub_code=TEXT_029 FROM APD_TXT0 WHERE Number_Key = '01-7212' 
SET @strSQLMain = ('INSERT INTO myTempAPD_Txt SELECT [NUMBER_KEY], '+ rtrim(@recAPD_field_name) +' FROM '+ rtrim(@recAPD_table_name) + ' WHERE Number_Key = '''+ rtrim(@Number_Key) +'''')      
EXEC (@strSQLMain)  
SELECT @recAPD_number_key = MyCol1, @Census_sub_code = MyCol2 from [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]

DROP TABLE [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]  

Here is an example of using a dynamic T-SQL query and then extracting the results should you have more than one column of returned values (notice the dynamic table name):

DECLARE 
@strSQLMain nvarchar(1000),
@recAPD_number_key char(10),    
@Census_sub_code varchar(1),
@recAPD_field_name char(100),
@recAPD_table_name char(100),
@NUMBER_KEY varchar(10),

if object_id('[Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]') is not null 

    DROP TABLE [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]

CREATE TABLE [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]
(
    [MyCol1] char(10) NULL,
    [MyCol2] char(1) NULL,

)   
-- an example of what @strSQLMain is : @strSQLMain = SELECT @recAPD_number_key = [NUMBER_KEY], @Census_sub_code=TEXT_029 FROM APD_TXT0 WHERE Number_Key = '01-7212' 
SET @strSQLMain = ('INSERT INTO myTempAPD_Txt SELECT [NUMBER_KEY], '+ rtrim(@recAPD_field_name) +' FROM '+ rtrim(@recAPD_table_name) + ' WHERE Number_Key = '''+ rtrim(@Number_Key) +'''')      
EXEC (@strSQLMain)  
SELECT @recAPD_number_key = MyCol1, @Census_sub_code = MyCol2 from [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]

DROP TABLE [Permits].[dbo].[myTempAPD_Txt]  
秋千易 2024-10-18 01:14:27

使用 Temp 表解决了问题,但我在使用 Exec 时遇到了问题,因此我采用了以下使用 sp_executesql 的解决方案:

Create TABLE #tempJoin ( Old_ID int, New_ID int);

declare @table_name varchar(128);

declare @strSQL nvarchar(3072);

set @table_name = 'Object';

--build sql sting to execute
set @strSQL='INSERT INTO '+@table_name+' SELECT '+@columns+' FROM #tempJoin CJ
                        Inner Join '+@table_name+' sourceTbl On CJ.Old_ID = sourceTbl.Object_ID'

**exec sp_executesql @strSQL;**

Using Temp table solves the problem but I ran into issues using Exec so I went with the following solution of using sp_executesql:

Create TABLE #tempJoin ( Old_ID int, New_ID int);

declare @table_name varchar(128);

declare @strSQL nvarchar(3072);

set @table_name = 'Object';

--build sql sting to execute
set @strSQL='INSERT INTO '+@table_name+' SELECT '+@columns+' FROM #tempJoin CJ
                        Inner Join '+@table_name+' sourceTbl On CJ.Old_ID = sourceTbl.Object_ID'

**exec sp_executesql @strSQL;**
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