Rails3 - 工厂定义中未初始化的常量

Question

factory_girl 无法识别我定义的模型名称，我需要引用该模型名称，因为我需要一个子类。这在 Rails 2 中有效，但我正在迁移到 Rails 3。

工厂定义：

Factory.define :interest, :class => Term::Interest do |f|
  f.name {"#{Factory.next(:lipsum_word)}ing"}
end

Term 和 Term::Interest 的定义

class Term < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :category

  class Interest < Term
  end

  class Award < Term
  end  
end

错误和堆栈跟踪：

$ rake db:data:load --trace
(in /Users/glurban/code/recruitd)
rake aborted!
uninitialized constant Term
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rspec-core-2.4.0/lib/rspec/core/backward_compatibility.rb:20:in `const_missing'
/Users/glurban/code/recruitd/test/factories/factories.rb:316:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/glurban/code/recruitd/lib/tasks/use_factories.rake:2:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/engine.rb:131:in `block in load_tasks'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/engine.rb:131:in `each'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/engine.rb:131:in `load_tasks'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/application.rb:141:in `load_tasks'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `method_missing'
/Users/glurban/code/recruitd/Rakefile:7:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2383:in `load'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2383:in `raw_load_rakefile'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2017:in `block in load_rakefile'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2016:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2000:in `block in run'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1998:in `run'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/bin/rake:19:in `load'
/Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/bin/rake:19:in `<main>'

我尝试添加 require_dependency 'term' 到了 factories.rb 的顶部，但随后我得到了

Glens-MacBook-Pro:test glurban$ rake db:data:load
(in /Users/glurban/code/recruitd)
rake aborted!
No such file to load -- term

What to do?

编辑：响应评论，是的，它只发生在 rake 上，而不是在控制台中：

$ rails c
Loading development environment (Rails 3.0.0)
ruby-1.9.2-rc2 > Factory(:term)
 => #<Term id: 3, type: nil, name: "Proud to be a Recruitd user", location: nil, category_id: nil, description: nil, url: nil, created_at: "2011-01-06 21:30:14", updated_at: "2011-01-06 21:30:14"> 
ruby-1.9.2-rc2 > Factory(:interest)
 => #<Term::Interest id: 4, type: "Term::Interest", name: "siting", location: nil, category_id: nil, description: nil, url: nil, created_at: "2011-01-06 21:30:18", updated_at: "2011-01-06 21:30:18"> 

自定义 rake 任务定义：

require 'factory_girl'
require File.expand_path("test/factories/factories.rb")

namespace :db do
  namespace :data do 

    desc "Load sample data"
    task :load => :environment do |t|
      create_students
      ...
      create_student_files_and_feeds
      puts "Completed loading sample data."
    end
  end
end

def create_interests
  data_fetch("interests").each do |input|
    Factory(:interest, :name => input.strip)
  end
  puts "Created interests"
end

Answer 1

再次查看factory_girl文档后，我意识到您可以使用字符串或类常量指定一个类。所以我尝试使用字符串，它起作用了：

Factory.define :interest, :class => "Term::Interest" do |f|
  f.name {"#{Factory.next(:lipsum_word)}ing"}
end

此外，还有关于嵌套类的评论。我最初这样做是为了让类更有组织性，但考虑到它创建的复杂性（尤其是路由），我只是将每个子类移动到它自己的模型文件中。 （如果我取消嵌套它们而不将它们放入单独的文件中，rails 似乎有时无法找到子类 - 即如果之前没有引用父类（强制加载该文件）。