库未加载：尝试运行“rails 服务器”时出现 libmysqlclient.16.dylib 错误；在 OS X 10.6 上使用 mysql2 gem
我已经为此苦苦挣扎了一段时间。
我已经在我的 Snow Leopard 机器上安装了 Rails 3、gem、mysql。一切都很顺利，直到我创建了我的第一个项目并尝试运行
rails server
运行后，我得到：
jontybrook$ rails server
/Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle: dlopen(/Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.16.dylib (LoadError)
Referenced from: /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
Reason: image not found - /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2.rb:7
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:64:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:64:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:62:in `each'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:62:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:51:in `each'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:51:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler.rb:112:in `require'
from /Users/jontybrook/Dropbox/CODING/simple_cms/config/application.rb:7
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:28:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:28
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:27:in `tap'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:27
from script/rails:6:in `require'
from script/rails:6
jontybrook$
据我所知，问题出在 mysql2 gem 上。 MySQL 似乎运行良好，我的 Gemfile 引用了 mysql2，我的 database.yml 文件似乎也正常。
错误提到
Reason: image not found - /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
And Yet
jontybrook$ cd /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2
jontybrook$ ls
client.rb em.rb error.rb mysql2.bundle result.rb
MySQL2.bundle is there!?
如果我使用旧的 mysql gem，WEBrick 启动正常。但这并不理想，不是吗？
我已经尝试了谷歌可以给我的一切！非常感谢任何帮助。
I've been struggling with this for some time.
I've installed Rails 3, gem, mysql on my Snow Leopard machine. All was going well until I created my first project and tried to run
rails server
Upon running this I get:
jontybrook$ rails server
/Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle: dlopen(/Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.16.dylib (LoadError)
Referenced from: /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
Reason: image not found - /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2.rb:7
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:64:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:64:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:62:in `each'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:62:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:51:in `each'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:51:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler.rb:112:in `require'
from /Users/jontybrook/Dropbox/CODING/simple_cms/config/application.rb:7
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:28:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:28
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:27:in `tap'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:27
from script/rails:6:in `require'
from script/rails:6
jontybrook$
As far as I can tell the problem is with the mysql2 gem. MySQL seems to be running fine and my Gemfile references mysql2, my database.yml file seems ok also.
The error mentions
Reason: image not found - /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
And yet
jontybrook$ cd /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2
jontybrook$ ls
client.rb em.rb error.rb mysql2.bundle result.rb
MySQL2.bundle is there!?
If I use the old mysql gem, WEBrick boots fine. But that's not ideal, is it?
I've tried everything google can give me! Any help much appreciated.
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我从来没有能够得到任何对我有用的答案，但这是我用来让它为我工作的命令。这样你就不需要每次更新mysql时都使用install_name_tool
I was never able to get any of these answers to work for me, but this is the command that I used to make it work for me. This way you don't need to use install_name_tool every time you update your mysql
我最终解决了这个问题！
我在 RVM 下重新安装了 Ruby 和 Rails。我使用的是 Ruby 版本 1.9.2-p136。
在rvm下重新安装后，这个错误仍然存在。
最后解决这个问题的神奇命令是：
I have solved this, eventually!
I re-installed Ruby and Rails under RVM. I'm using Ruby version 1.9.2-p136.
After re-installing under rvm, this error was still present.
In the end the magic command that solved it was:
此修复对我来说非常有效：
将以下内容添加到您的 ~/.profile
http://www.rickwargo.com/2010/12/16/installing-mysql-5-5-on- os-x-10-6-snow-leopard-and-rails-3/
This fix worked very well for me:
Add the following to to your ~/.profile
http://www.rickwargo.com/2010/12/16/installing-mysql-5-5-on-os-x-10-6-snow-leopard-and-rails-3/
对我来说，这只是因为我升级了 mysql，但没有更新 mysql2 gem - 重新安装 gem 将修复它...
gem pristine mysql2For me this was just because I had upgraded mysql but hadn't updated the mysql2 gem - a reinstall of the gem will fix it...
gem pristine mysql2我有同样的问题。看起来无法找到 libmysqlclient 库。对我有用的临时修复如下：
我不确定配置在哪里指定加载路径或它的设置是什么，但我的 mysql 安装似乎不在其中。如果我找到更永久的解决方案，我会再次发布。
编辑：
实际上 此修复似乎可以更准确地解决该问题。
I have the same issue. It looks like it's unable to find the libmysqlclient library. A temporary fix that has worked for me is the following:
I am not sure where the config is specifying the load path or what it's set to but my mysql install did not appear to be in it. I'll post again if I find a more permanent solution.
Edit:
Actually this fix appears to more accurately address the problem.
将以下内容添加到您的
~/.bash_profile中：这对我有用
Add the below to your
~/.bash_profile:This worked for me
在 OSX El Capitan 更新中，当您执行此操作时：
它会抛出类似的错误
因此为了避免这种情况，您可以做的是首先使用命令找到
libmysqlclient.18.dylib在我的情况下它返回
/usr/local/mysql-5.5.24-osx10.5-x86_64/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib因此，我们将创建指向
的符号链接，而不是像这样：usr/lib/usr/local/lib/更多详细信息：https://forums.developer.apple.com/线程/7935
In OSX El Capitan update when you do this:
it throws an error like
So to avoid this, what you can do is first locate
libmysqlclient.18.dylibusing the commandIn my case it returned
/usr/local/mysql-5.5.24-osx10.5-x86_64/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylibSo instead of
usr/lib/we will create symlink tousr/local/lib/like this :More details : https://forums.developer.apple.com/thread/7935
以下几行对我有用。我使用的是 mac 10.7.2 。
sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib
following lines works for me. I am using mac 10.7.2 .
sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib
刚刚遇到这个问题。我所要做的就是卸载 mysql2 gem 并重新安装它。希望这对其他人有用
Just ran into this problem. All I had to do is uninstall mysql2 gem and reinstall it. Hope this works for other people
这就是它对我的作用：
我运行了以下命令
sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib ~/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/mysql2-0.2.7/lib/mysql2/ mysql2.bundle
我的环境：
$ 轨道 -v
Rails 3.0.6
$ mysql --版本
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.11，适用于 osx10.6 (i386)，使用 readline 5.1
$ ruby -v
ruby 1.9.2p180（2011-02-18 修订版 30909）[x86_64-darwin10.7.0]
希望这对某人有帮助。
This is how it worked for me:
I ran the below command
sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib ~/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180/gems/mysql2-0.2.7/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle
My environments:
$ rails -v
Rails 3.0.6
$ mysql --version
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.11, for osx10.6 (i386) using readline 5.1
$ ruby -v
ruby 1.9.2p180 (2011-02-18 revision 30909) [x86_64-darwin10.7.0]
Hope this helps someone.
谢谢，奥加波！导出该别名对我有用，然后我按照链接进行操作，在我的情况下，mysql2.bundle位于 /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle 中，所以我调整了 install_name_tool 来修改该捆绑包而不是 ~/.rvm 中的捆绑包，并使其按照应有的方式工作。
所以现在：
Thanks, Ogapo! Exporting that alias worked for me, and then I followed the link, and in my case the mysql2.bundle was up in /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/lib/mysql2/mysql2.bundle so I adjusted the install_name_tool to modify that bundle rather than one in ~/.rvm and got that working the way it should be done.
So now:
嗨，它从推荐的链接对我有用 来自 Fredy Andersen
只需更改为我的 mysql 版本，在命令中，
谢谢
hi it worked for me from the recommended link from Fredy Andersen
just had to change to my version of mysql, in the command,
thanks
我通过删除当前项目的 gemset 并重新创建它并重新运行捆绑安装来解决这个问题。我认为是由于安装了较新版本的 mysql 造成的。
I solved this problem by deleting my gemset for my current project and recreating it and rerunning bundle install. I think I caused it by installing a newer version of mysql.
我在使用 Django 时遇到了这个问题，我使用
brew安装了很多开源程序，并且我需要执行以下操作，因为我使用brew安装mysql：请务必替换为您的库版本！
I had this issue when working with Django, I use
brewto install a lot of my Open Source programs and I needed to do the following since I usedbrewto installmysql:Be sure to replace with your version of the libraries!
bundle install mysql --force帮助了我。它重新安装了由于brew uninstall mysql而消失的依赖项。bundle install mysql --forcehelped me. It reinstalled dependencies which ware gone as a result ofbrew uninstall mysql.乔蒂，我也在为此苦苦挣扎。
我认为这里有一个线索：
注意到 dylib 的路径是，呃，相当短？
我试图找出 gem 安装指令离开 dylib 路径的位置，但进展缓慢，因为我自己从未构建过 gem。
如果我找到更多，我会发布更多！
Jonty, I'm struggling with this too.
I think there's a clue in here:
Notice the path to the dylib is, uh, rather short?
I'm trying to figure out where the gem install instructions are leaving off the dylib path, but it's slow going as I have never built a gem myself.
I'll post more if I find more!
几天前我也遇到过同样的问题。我最终设法解决了它。我不太确定是怎么做的，但无论如何我都会告诉你我做了什么。也许它会对你有帮助。
我首先下载了 RVM。如果您尚未使用它，我强烈建议您这样做。它基本上为 Ruby、RoR 和 RubyGems 的新单独安装创建了一个沙箱。事实上，您可以同时进行多个安装并立即切换到另一个。它就像一个魅力。
为什么这有用？因为您不应该弄乱 OS X 中默认的 Ruby 安装。系统依赖于它。最好只保留默认的 Ruby 和 RoR 安装，并使用 RVM 创建一个新的安装，您可以将其用于您自己的开发。
创建单独的 Ruby 安装后，我只安装了 RoR、RubyGems 和 mysql，它就可以工作了。有关我采取的具体步骤，请参阅我的问题：安装 Rails、MySQL 等。一切都会出错
再次：我不确定这是否能解决您的问题。但它确实对我有用，并且无论如何，强烈推荐使用 RVM。
I've had this exact same problem a few days ago. I eventually managed to solve it. I'm not quite sure how, but I'll tell you what I did anyway. Maybe it'll help you.
I started by downloading RVM. If you aren't using it yet, I highly recommend doing so. It basically creates a sandbox for a new separate installation of Ruby, RoR and RubyGems. In fact, you can have multiple installations simultaneously and instantly switch to one other. It works like a charm.
Why is this useful? Because you shouldn't mess with the default Ruby installation in OS X. The system depends on it. It's best to just leave the default Ruby and RoR installation alone and create a new one using RVM that you can use for your own development.
Once I created my separate Ruby installation, I just installed RoR, RubyGems and mysql, and it worked. For the exact steps I took, see my question: Installing Rails, MySQL, etc. everything goes wrong
Again: I don't know for certain this will solve your problem. But it certainly did the trick for me, and in any case using RVM is highly recommendable.
我仍然发现，使用上面的解决方案，它无法（例如）与 TextMate 的 Rails 插件一起使用。我遇到了类似的错误（检索数据库架构时）。
那么所做的是，打开终端：
将 mysql-5.5.8-osx10.6-x86_64 替换为您自己的路径（或 mysql）。
这将创建一个指向库的符号链接，现在 Rails 从命令行运行，以及 TextMate 插件（如 ruby-on-rails-tmbundle）。
需要明确的是：这也修复了启动 Rails 服务器时出现的错误。
I still found that with the solutions above, it didn't work (for example) with the Rails plugin for TextMate. I got a similar error (when retrieving the database schema).
So what did is, open terminal:
Replace mysql-5.5.8-osx10.6-x86_64 with your own path (or mysql).
This makes a symbol link to the lib, now rails runs from the command line, as-well as TextMate plugin(s) like ruby-on-rails-tmbundle.
To be clear: this also fixes the error you get when starting rails server.
这通常发生在升级 mysql 时。在旧 mysql 库上构建的已安装的 mysql2 gem 无法与新库一起使用。只需要重新安装即可。
使用
gem uninstall mysql2卸载mysql2。然后使用gem install mysql2安装它This usually happen when you upgrade mysql. The installed mysql2 gem which was built on the old mysql libs cannot work with new libs. Just need to reinstall it.
Uninstall mysql2 with
gem uninstall mysql2. Then install it withgem install mysql2我通过在包含以下内容的项目文件夹中创建 .rvmrc 文件解决了这个问题：
然后输入我的项目路径
，然后运行
I've resolved it by creating .rvmrc file in my project folder containg:
then entering my project path
then I run
我的luvlss命令版本：
Mac OSX 10.10.5
MySQL 5.6.27
Passenger 5.0.21
sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.27-osx10.8-x86_64/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib如果您像我一样尝试很多不同的链接，请使用以下命令进行一些清理：
sudo unlink /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylibMy version of luvlss's command:
Mac OSX 10.10.5
MySQL 5.6.27
Passenger 5.0.21
sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.27-osx10.8-x86_64/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylibIf you're trying lots of different links, like I did, do some clean-up with:
sudo unlink /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib打开终端并运行以下命令：
它应该可以工作。
Open a Terminal and run the following:
It should work.
如果您使用 OSX 并使用 brew 安装了 mysql，您可以：
如果您遇到版本问题（我运行 mysql 5.7，而我的 gem 需要 5.6.25），您可以
If you're using OSX and installed mysql using brew, you can:
If you're having trouble with the version (I had mysql 5.7 running while my gem required 5.6.25), you can
对我来说，我必须手动卸载 mysql
For me I had to manually uninstall mysql