用 tar 归档隐藏目录
目录 mydir 上的 tar 将归档隐藏文件和隐藏子目录，但使用 mydir 中的 tar >* 通配符不会。这是已知的不一致或错误吗？
编辑：附加信息。使用 * 通配符从 mydir 中的 tar 不会“看到”也不会归档隐藏文件和隐藏子目录直接目录。但是，在 mydir 的非隐藏子目录中，隐藏文件和隐藏子目录将被归档。换句话说，隐藏的对象将被存档在目录树的更深处。
tar on a directory mydir will archive hidden files and hidden subdirectories, but tar from within mydir with a * wildcard will not. Is this a known inconsistency or bug?
Edit: Additional information. tar from within mydir with a * wildcard will not "see" nor archive hidden files and hidden subdirectories in the immediate directory. However, in the non-hidden subdirectories of mydir hidden files and hidden subdirectories will be archived. In other words, deeper in the directory tree the hidden objects will be archived.
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使用通配符将不起作用。你必须指定 . （当前目录）如果您指的是包括隐藏文件的完整目录。你可以做
With wildcard it will not work. You have to specify . (current directory) if you mean full directory including hidden files. You can do
答案是
*通配符由 shell 处理，它只是不会扩展到以点开头的内容。另一个通配符?也不会扩展到以点开头的内容。感谢 Keith 指出是 shell 进行了扩展，因此它与tar无关。如果您使用
shopt -s dotglob，那么扩展将包括.filename之类的内容。感谢安迪。使用shopt -u dotglob 将其关闭。
切换
dotglob选项不会更改ls本身。相反，它只是改变扩展行为，如ls *所示。编辑：我的建议在下面的评论中。
The answer is that the
*wildcard is handled by the shell and it just does not expand to things that start with a dot. The other wildcard?also does not expand to things that start with a dot. Thanks to Keith for pointing out it is the shell that does the expansion and so it has nothing to do withtar.If you use
shopt -s dotglobthen expansion will include things like.filename. Thanks to Andy.Use
shopt -u dotglobto turn it off.Switching the
dotgloboption does not changelsitself. Rather it just changes expansion behaviour as exhibited in something likels *.Edit: My recommendations are in a comment below.
您可以使用：
但是，这仅适用于名称 > 的隐藏文件。 2（防止出现“.”和“..”）
You can use:
But, this works only for hidden files with names > 2 (to prevent '.' and '..')
您可以使用以下方法压缩当前目录中的所有文件/文件夹（包括 .hidden）：
最后一个参数是要压缩的文件夹。如果您传递
ls -A -1，则您将传递当前目录中除.和..之外的所有文件夹。对于子目录，.hidden 文件默认已包含在压缩中。
You can compress all the files / folders in your current directory (including .hidden) by using:
The last argument are the folders you want to compress. If you pass it
ls -A -1, you are passing it all folders in your current directory but.and...When it comes to subdirectories, .hidden files are already included in the compression by default.
shell 扩展了通配符，因此 tar 甚至看不到它。如果您想这样做，则必须显式添加它们。 （<代码>.*）。然而，最常见的是压缩单个目录，这样当您解压缩时，所有内容都会到达同一个位置。
The shell expands the wildcards so tar doesn't even see it. You have to add them explicitly if you want to do that. (
.*). However, it's most common to tar a single directory so that when you untar it all goes to the same place.这将使
this will make the
这将压缩所有隐藏文件和目录
This will tar all hidden files and directories