来自同一文件夹的 python __import__ 失败

Question

我有一个像这样的目录结构：

|- project
  |- commands.py
  |- Modules
  | |- __init__.py
  | |- base.py
  | \- build.py
  \- etc....

我在 __init__.py 中有以下代码

commands = []
hooks = []

def load_modules():
    """ dynamically loads commands from the /modules subdirectory """
    path = "\\".join(os.path.abspath(__file__).split("\\")[:-1])
    modules = [f for f in os.listdir(path) if f.endswith(".py") and f != "__init__.py"]
    print modules
    for file in modules:
        try:
            module = __import__(file.split(".")[0])
            print module
            for obj_name in dir(module):
                try:
                    potential_class = getattr(module, obj_name)
                    if isinstance(potential_class, Command):
                        #init command instance and place in list
                        commands.append(potential_class(serverprops))
                    if isinstance(potential_class, Hook):
                        hooks.append(potential_class(serverprops))
                except:
                    pass
        except ImportError as e:
            print "!! Could not load %s: %s" % (file, e)
    print commands
    print hooks

我试图让 __init__.py 将适当的命令和挂钩加载到列表中给定，但是我总是在 module = __import__(file.split(".")[0]) 处遇到 ImportError，即使 __init__.py 和 base.py 等是全部在同一个文件夹中。我已经验证任何模块文件中的任何内容都不需要 __init__.py 中的任何内容，因此我真的不知道该怎么做。

Answer 1

您所缺少的只是系统路径上的模块。 添加

import sys
sys.path.append(path)

在 path = ... 行之后 ，您应该已设置完毕。这是我的测试脚本：

import os, os.path, sys

print '\n'.join(sys.path) + '\n' * 3

commands = []
hooks = []

def load_modules():
    """ dynamically loads commands from the /modules subdirectory """
    path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))

    print "In path:", path in sys.path
    sys.path.append(path)

    modules = [f for f in os.listdir(path) if f.endswith(".py") and f != "__init__.py"]
    print modules
    for file in modules:
        try:
            modname = file.split(".")[0]
            module = __import__(modname)
            for obj_name in dir(module):
                print '%s.%s' % (modname, obj_name )
        except ImportError as e:
            print "!! Could not load %s: %s" % (file, e)
    print commands


load_modules()