在 Azure 表存储中添加或替换实体

发布于 2024-10-07 16:46:56 字数 859 浏览 7 评论 0 原文

我正在使用 Windows Azure 表存储并有一个简单的要求:添加一个新行,使用该 PartitionKey/RowKey 覆盖任何现有行。但是,保存更改总是会引发异常,即使我传入 ReplaceOnUpdate 选项:

tableServiceContext.AddObject(TableName, entity);
tableServiceContext.SaveChangesWithRetries(SaveChangesOptions.ReplaceOnUpdate);

如果实体已存在,则会引发:

System.Data.Services.Client.DataServiceRequestException: An error occurred while processing this request. ---> System.Data.Services.Client.DataServiceClientException: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<error xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata">
  <code>EntityAlreadyExists</code>
  <message xml:lang="en-AU">The specified entity already exists.</message>
</error>

我真的必须先手动查询现有行并调用 DeleteObject它?这看起来很慢。当然有更好的方法吗?

I'm working with Windows Azure Table Storage and have a simple requirement: add a new row, overwriting any existing row with that PartitionKey/RowKey. However, saving the changes always throws an exception, even if I pass in the ReplaceOnUpdate option:

tableServiceContext.AddObject(TableName, entity);
tableServiceContext.SaveChangesWithRetries(SaveChangesOptions.ReplaceOnUpdate);

If the entity already exists it throws:

System.Data.Services.Client.DataServiceRequestException: An error occurred while processing this request. ---> System.Data.Services.Client.DataServiceClientException: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<error xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata">
  <code>EntityAlreadyExists</code>
  <message xml:lang="en-AU">The specified entity already exists.</message>
</error>

Do I really have to manually query for the existing row first and call DeleteObject on it? That seems very slow. Surely there is a better way?

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评论(6

潦草背影 2024-10-14 16:46:56

正如您所发现的,您不能只添加具有相同行键和分区键的另一个项目,因此您需要运行查询来检查该项目是否已存在。在这种情况下,我发现查看 Azure REST API 文档 查看存储客户端库可用的内容。您将看到插入更新ReplaceOnUpdate 仅在更新时有效,在插入时无效。

虽然您可以删除现有项目然后添加新项目,但您也可以只更新现有项目(节省一次存储往返时间)。您的代码可能如下所示:

var existsQuery = from e
                    in tableServiceContext.CreateQuery<MyEntity>(TableName)
                    where
                    e.PartitionKey == objectToUpsert.PartitionKey
                    && e.RowKey == objectToUpsert.RowKey
                    select e;

MyEntity existingObject = existsQuery.FirstOrDefault();

if (existingObject == null)
{
    tableServiceContext.AddObject(TableName, objectToUpsert);
}
else
{
    existingObject.Property1 = objectToUpsert.Property1;
    existingObject.Property2 = objectToUpsert.Property2;

    tableServiceContext.UpdateObject(existingObject);
}

tableServiceContext.SaveChangesWithRetries(SaveChangesOptions.ReplaceOnUpdate);

编辑:虽然在撰写本文时正确无误,但通过 2011 年 9 月的更新,Microsoft 已更新了 Azure 表 API 以包含两个 upsert 命令,插入或替换实体插入或合并实体

As you've found, you can't just add another item that has the same row key and partition key, so you will need to run a query to check to see if the item already exists. In situations like this I find it helpful to look at the Azure REST API documentation to see what is available to the storage client library. You'll see that there are separate methods for inserting and updating. The ReplaceOnUpdate only has an effect when you're updating, not inserting.

While you could delete the existing item and then add the new one, you could just update the existing one (saving you one round trip to storage). Your code might look something like this:

var existsQuery = from e
                    in tableServiceContext.CreateQuery<MyEntity>(TableName)
                    where
                    e.PartitionKey == objectToUpsert.PartitionKey
                    && e.RowKey == objectToUpsert.RowKey
                    select e;

MyEntity existingObject = existsQuery.FirstOrDefault();

if (existingObject == null)
{
    tableServiceContext.AddObject(TableName, objectToUpsert);
}
else
{
    existingObject.Property1 = objectToUpsert.Property1;
    existingObject.Property2 = objectToUpsert.Property2;

    tableServiceContext.UpdateObject(existingObject);
}

tableServiceContext.SaveChangesWithRetries(SaveChangesOptions.ReplaceOnUpdate);

EDIT: While correct at the time of writing, with the September 2011 update Microsoft have updated the Azure table API to include two upsert commands, Insert or Replace Entity and Insert or Merge Entity

残疾 2024-10-14 16:46:56

您可以使用 <代码>UpsertEntityUpsertEntityAsync 方法。


完整的工作示例位于 https://github.com/Azure-Samples/msdocs-azure-data-tables-sdk-dotnet/blob/main/2-completed-app/AzureTablesDemoApplicaton/Services/TablesService .cs --

public void UpsertTableEntity(WeatherInputModel model)
{
    TableEntity entity = new TableEntity();
    entity.PartitionKey = model.StationName;
    entity.RowKey = $"{model.ObservationDate} {model.ObservationTime}";

    // The other values are added like a items to a dictionary
    entity["Temperature"] = model.Temperature;
    entity["Humidity"] = model.Humidity;
    entity["Barometer"] = model.Barometer;
    entity["WindDirection"] = model.WindDirection;
    entity["WindSpeed"] = model.WindSpeed;
    entity["Precipitation"] = model.Precipitation;

    _tableClient.UpsertEntity(entity);
}

You may use UpsertEntity and UpsertEntityAsync methods in the official Microsoft Azure.Data.Tables TableClient.


The fully working example is available at https://github.com/Azure-Samples/msdocs-azure-data-tables-sdk-dotnet/blob/main/2-completed-app/AzureTablesDemoApplicaton/Services/TablesService.cs --

public void UpsertTableEntity(WeatherInputModel model)
{
    TableEntity entity = new TableEntity();
    entity.PartitionKey = model.StationName;
    entity.RowKey = 
quot;{model.ObservationDate} {model.ObservationTime}";

    // The other values are added like a items to a dictionary
    entity["Temperature"] = model.Temperature;
    entity["Humidity"] = model.Humidity;
    entity["Barometer"] = model.Barometer;
    entity["WindDirection"] = model.WindDirection;
    entity["WindSpeed"] = model.WindSpeed;
    entity["Precipitation"] = model.Precipitation;

    _tableClient.UpsertEntity(entity);
}
红玫瑰 2024-10-14 16:46:56

为了使用带有 ReplaceOnUpdate 选项的 Delete 或 SaveChanges 操作不受 TableContext 管理的现有对象,您需要调用 AttachTo 并将该对象附加到 TableContext,而不是调用指示 TableContext 尝试插入它的 AddObject。

http://msdn.microsoft.com /en-us/library/system.data.services.client.dataservicecontext.attachto.aspx

In order to operate on an existing object NOT managed by the TableContext with either Delete or SaveChanges with ReplaceOnUpdate options, you need to call AttachTo and attach the object to the TableContext, instead of calling AddObject which instructs TableContext to attempt to insert it.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.data.services.client.dataservicecontext.attachto.aspx

青春有你 2024-10-14 16:46:56

在我的情况下,不允许先删除它,因此我这样做,这将导致到服务器的一个事务,该事务将首先删除现有对象,然后添加新对象,从而无需复制属性值

       var existing = from e in _ServiceContext.AgentTable
                       where e.PartitionKey == item.PartitionKey
                             && e.RowKey == item.RowKey
                       select e;

        _ServiceContext.IgnoreResourceNotFoundException = true;
        var existingObject = existing.FirstOrDefault();

        if (existingObject != null)
        {
            _ServiceContext.DeleteObject(existingObject);
        }

        _ServiceContext.AddObject(AgentConfigTableServiceContext.AgetnConfigTableName, item);

        _ServiceContext.SaveChangesWithRetries();
        _ServiceContext.IgnoreResourceNotFoundException = false;

in my case it was not allowed to remove it first, thus I do it like this, this will result in one transaction to server which will first remove existing object and than add new one, removing need to copy property values

       var existing = from e in _ServiceContext.AgentTable
                       where e.PartitionKey == item.PartitionKey
                             && e.RowKey == item.RowKey
                       select e;

        _ServiceContext.IgnoreResourceNotFoundException = true;
        var existingObject = existing.FirstOrDefault();

        if (existingObject != null)
        {
            _ServiceContext.DeleteObject(existingObject);
        }

        _ServiceContext.AddObject(AgentConfigTableServiceContext.AgetnConfigTableName, item);

        _ServiceContext.SaveChangesWithRetries();
        _ServiceContext.IgnoreResourceNotFoundException = false;
身边 2024-10-14 16:46:56

插入/合并或更新于 2011 年 9 月添加到 API 中。以下是使用 Storage API 2.0 的示例,它比 1.7 api 及更早版本中的完成方式更容易理解。

public void InsertOrReplace(ITableEntity entity)
    {
        retryPolicy.ExecuteAction(
            () =>
            {
                try
                {
                    TableOperation operation = TableOperation.InsertOrReplace(entity);
                    cloudTable.Execute(operation);
                }
                catch (StorageException e)
                {
                    string message = "InsertOrReplace entity failed.";

                    if (e.RequestInformation.HttpStatusCode == 404)
                    {
                        message += " Make sure the table is created.";
                    }

                    // do something with message
                }
            });
    }

Insert/Merge or Update was added to the API in September 2011. Here is an example using the Storage API 2.0 which is easier to understand then the way it is done in the 1.7 api and earlier.

public void InsertOrReplace(ITableEntity entity)
    {
        retryPolicy.ExecuteAction(
            () =>
            {
                try
                {
                    TableOperation operation = TableOperation.InsertOrReplace(entity);
                    cloudTable.Execute(operation);
                }
                catch (StorageException e)
                {
                    string message = "InsertOrReplace entity failed.";

                    if (e.RequestInformation.HttpStatusCode == 404)
                    {
                        message += " Make sure the table is created.";
                    }

                    // do something with message
                }
            });
    }
隔岸观火 2024-10-14 16:46:56

存储 API 不允许在组事务中对每个实体执行多个操作(删除+插入):

一个实体在事务中只能出现一次,并且只能对其执行一个操作。

请参阅 MSDN:执行实体组事务

所以实际上您需要先阅读并决定插入或更新。

The Storage API does not allow more than one operation per entity (delete+insert) in a group transaction:

An entity can appear only once in the transaction, and only one operation may be performed against it.

see MSDN: Performing Entity Group Transactions

So in fact you need to read first and decide on insert or update.

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