使用 RSpec 出现未初始化的常量错误。不知道是什么原因造成的

Question

我正在使用 RSpec 进行测试，当我周五下午下班时，我的测试通过了。但是当我回家并同步我的存储库时，我的笔记本电脑上的测试失败了。现在回到工作岗位，测试仍然失败。不要相信它是我的代码，因为单独运行 rspec 会返回错误，并且 spork 甚至不会启动。当我尝试启动 Spork 时，收到以下错误消息：

Using RSpec
Loading Spork.prefork block...
uninitialized constant ActionView::Template::Handlers::ERB::ENCODING_FLAG (NameError)
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/rspec-core-2.2.1/lib/rspec/core/backward_compatibility.rb:20:in `const_missing'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template/handlers/erb.rb:85:in `<class:ERB>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template/handlers/erb.rb:70:in `<module:Handlers>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template/handlers/erb.rb:28:in `<class:Template>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template/handlers/erb.rb:27:in `<module:ActionView>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template/handlers/erb.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template/handlers.rb:10:in `extended'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template.rb:99:in `extend'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template.rb:99:in `<class:Template>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template.rb:8:in `<module:ActionView>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/template/resolver.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/actionpack-3.0.3/lib/action_view/testing/resolvers.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/rspec-rails-2.2.1/lib/rspec/rails/view_rendering.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/rspec-rails-2.2.1/lib/rspec/rails.rb:9:in `<top (required)>'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:33:in `require'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:33:in `rescue in require'
<internal:lib/rubygems/custom_require>:29:in `require'
/home/jeff/Projects/Rails/vahsfbhistory/spec/spec_helper.rb:10:in `block in <top (required)>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork.rb:23:in `prefork'
/home/jeff/Projects/Rails/vahsfbhistory/spec/spec_helper.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/test_framework.rb:138:in `load'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/test_framework.rb:138:in `block (2 levels) in preload'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/app_framework.rb:64:in `preload'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/test_framework.rb:134:in `block in preload'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork.rb:67:in `exec_prefork'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/test_framework.rb:120:in `preload'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/run_strategy/forking.rb:25:in `preload'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/runner.rb:74:in `run'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/lib/spork/runner.rb:9:in `run'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/gems/spork-0.8.4/bin/spork:10:in `<top (required)>'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/bin/spork:19:in `load'
/home/jeff/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@rails3tutorial/bin/spork:19:in `<main>'

有人知道是什么原因造成的吗？

Answer 1

我遇到了这个问题。在spec_helper.rb中尝试将：替换

require "rails"

为

require "rails/all"

在我的情况下有效。

Answer 2

您需要初始化环境，将此行添加到 spec_helper.rb 中：

require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)

Answer 3

如果您尝试在非 Rails 项目中使用 rspec-rails，则可能会遇到此问题。在这种情况下，使用 require "rails/all" 不是一个选项，因为它需要 ActiveRecord 的东西，让您留下：

ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished: No connection pool with 'primary' find.< /code>

相反，您可以通过以下方式解决此问题：

require "action_controller/railtie"

Answer 4

如果它不是 Rails 应用，并且您不想包含所有 Rails，请将其添加到您的 spec_helper.rb 中：

require 'action_view'