Spring - 是否可以在同一应用程序中使用多个事务管理器?

发布于 2024-10-07 05:56:48 字数 2115 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我是 Spring 新手,我想知道是否可以在同一个应用程序中使用多个事务管理器?

我有两个数据访问层 - 一个用于两个数据库。我想知道,如何在一层使用一个事务管理器,在另一层使用不同的事务管理器。我还不需要跨两个数据库执行事务。但我确实需要在每个数据库上单独执行事务。我创建了一个图像来帮助概述我的问题:

alt text

这是我的应用程序上下文配置:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="cheetah.repositories" />
    <tx:annotation-driven />

    <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="accounts" />
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />

    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

这是一个示例使用此配置:

@Repository
public class JpaAccountRepository implements AccountRepository {

    @PersistenceContext(unitName = "cheetahAccounts")
    private EntityManager accountManager;

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public Account findById(long id) {

        Account account = accountManager.find(Account.class, id);
        return account;
    }
}

因此,对于帐户存储库,我想使用实体管理器工厂,并将持久性单元设置为帐户。但是,对于我的 BusinessData Repository,我想使用具有不同持久性单元的实体管理器工厂。由于我只能定义一个事务管理器 bean,那么如何为不同的存储库使用不同的事务管理器呢?

感谢您的任何帮助。

I'm new to Spring and I'm wondering if its possible to use numerous transaction managers in the same application?

I have two data access layers - one for both of the databases. I'm wondering, how do you go about using one transaction managers for one layer and different transaction manager for the other layer. I don't need to perform transactions across both databases - yet. But I do need perform transactions on each database individually. I've created an image to help outline my problem:

alt text

Here is my application context configuration:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="cheetah.repositories" />
    <tx:annotation-driven />

    <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="accounts" />
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />

    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

Here is an example that uses this configuration:

@Repository
public class JpaAccountRepository implements AccountRepository {

    @PersistenceContext(unitName = "cheetahAccounts")
    private EntityManager accountManager;

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public Account findById(long id) {

        Account account = accountManager.find(Account.class, id);
        return account;
    }
}

So for the account repository, I want to use an entity manager factory with the persistence unit set to accounts. However, with my BusinessData Repository, I want to use an entity manager factory with a different persistence unit. Since I can only define one transaction manager bean, how can I go about using different transaction managers for the different repositories?

Thanks for any help.

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评论(2

风吹短裙飘 2024-10-14 05:56:48

在使用 @Transactional 注释的地方,您可以 通过向 bean 名称或限定符添加属性集来指定要使用的事务管理器。例如,如果您的应用程序上下文使用限定符定义了多个事务管理器:

<bean id="transactionManager1"
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory1" />
    <qualifier value="account"/>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager2"
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory2" />
    <qualifier value="businessData"/>
</bean>

您可以使用限定符来指定要使用的事务管理器:

public class TransactionalService {

    @Transactional("account")
    public void setSomethingInAccount() { ... }

    @Transactional("businessData")
    public void doSomethingInBusinessData() { ... }
}

Where you use a @Transactional annotation, you can specify the transaction manager to use by adding an attribute set to a bean name or qualifier. For example, if your application context defines multiple transaction managers with qualifiers:

<bean id="transactionManager1"
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory1" />
    <qualifier value="account"/>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager2"
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory2" />
    <qualifier value="businessData"/>
</bean>

You can use the qualifier to specify the transaction manager to use:

public class TransactionalService {

    @Transactional("account")
    public void setSomethingInAccount() { ... }

    @Transactional("businessData")
    public void doSomethingInBusinessData() { ... }
}
丑疤怪 2024-10-14 05:56:48

这个 Spring Jira 条目稍微讨论了这个问题:

https://jira.spring.io/browse/ SPR-3955

我认为如果您不使用两阶段提交,每个连接可能有一个事务管理器。您只需要创建两个事务管理器并为它们注入适当的连接。

但我必须问一个问题:为什么您认为需要两个事务管理器?您可以拥有多个数据库连接。使用连接的 DAO 可以而且应该由不同的服务实例化,每个服务都可以用自己的事务设置进行注释。一名经理可以兼顾两者。您认为为什么需要两个?

This Spring Jira entry discusses the issue a bit:

https://jira.spring.io/browse/SPR-3955

I think it could be one transaction manager per connection if you're not using two-phase commit. You just need to create two transaction managers and inject them with the appropriate connection.

But I must ask the question: why do you think you need two transaction managers? You can have more than one database connection. The DAOs that use the connections can and should be instantiated by different services, each of which can be annotated with their own transactional settings. One manager can accommodate both. Why do you think you need two?

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