在 Oracle（11.2 之前）中：使用cast(collect(...)) 时，如何对结果排序？

Question

使用cast(collect(...))时，如何排序结果？

我有一个名为 GetStringForTable 的函数，定义如下：

FUNCTION GetStringForTable(vTable in TVarCharTable, vDelimeter in varchar default ',') return VarChar2 is
    aResult varchar2(32767);
    i int;
  begin
    if vTable.count = 0 then 
      return '';
    end if;

    for i in 1 .. vTable.Count loop
      if i > 1 then
        aResult := aResult || vDelimeter;
      end if;
      aResult := aResult || vTable(i);
    end loop;
    return aResult;
  end GetStringForTable;

我这样使用它：

select
  name,
  rep.GetStringForTable
      ((
          Select 
            cast(collect(name) as TVarCharTable)  
          from 
            contacts
          where 
            debtoraccount = dt.accountnumber
      )
      ,', ' --Delimiter
      ) "Contacts" 
from debtable dt
where name like '%Svein%';

问题是结果没有排序。当我想要“Alice、Bob、Carol、Dave”时，我会得到“Dave、Bob、Carol、Alice”。我如何订购结果？如果尝试以下操作，但没有任何效果：

select
  name,
  rep.GetStringForTable
      ((
          Select 
            cast(collect(name) as TVarCharTable)  
          from 
            contacts
          where 
            debtoraccount = dt.accountnumber
          order by name  <= ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis
      )
      ,', ' --Skilletegn
      ) "Contacts"
from debtable dt
where name like '%Svein%';

理想

select
  name,
  rep.GetStringForTable
      ((
        select * from
        (
          Select 
            cast(collect(name) as TVarCharTable)  
          from 
            contacts
          where 
            debtoraccount = dt.accountnumber  <= ORA-00904: string: invalid identifier
          order by name
        )
      )
      ,', ' --Skilletegn
      ) "Contacts"
from debtable dt
where name like '%Svein%';

情况下，我想在不更改 GetStringForTable 函数的情况下进行排序。

有人可以帮忙吗？

Answer 1

    cast(collect(name order by name) as TVarCharTable)  

此语法首次在 11gR1 手册中提到。但它似乎在 10g 上工作得很好，即使它不是 已记录。

Answer 2

一种方法是修改 GetStringForTable ，以便输出是有序的（您可以有两个函数：一个是有序的，另一个不是）

SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE TVarCharTable AS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(30);
  2  /
Type created

SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetStringForTable(
  2        vTable IN TVarCharTable,
  3        vDelimeter IN VARCHAR DEFAULT ','
  4     ) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
  5     aResult VARCHAR2(32767);
  6     i       INT := 1;
  7  BEGIN
  8     IF vTable.COUNT = 0 THEN
  9        RETURN '';
 10     END IF;
 11     FOR cc IN (SELECT COLUMN_VALUE cv
 12                  FROM TABLE(CAST(vtable AS TVarCharTable))
 13                 ORDER BY COLUMN_VALUE) LOOP
 14        IF i > 1 THEN
 15           aResult := aResult || vDelimeter;
 16        END IF;
 17        aResult := aResult || cc.cv;
 18        i := i+1;
 19     END LOOP;
 20     RETURN aResult;
 21  END GetStringForTable;
 22  /
Function created

SQL> SELECT GetStringForTable(TVarCharTable('B', 'A', 'D', 'C')) FROM dual;

GETSTRINGFORTABLE(TVARCHARTABL
---------------------------------------------------------------------
A,B,C,D

更新

我找到了一种解决方法，但不幸的是，在额外的测试中，不能保证顺序。它将取决于所选择的访问路径。不过，它可能适用于您的情况：

SQL> SELECT dNAME,
  2         GetStringForTable((SELECT CAST(COLLECT(eNAME) AS TVarCharTable)
  3                              FROM (SELECT *
  4                                      FROM scott.emp
  5                                     ORDER BY ename) e
  6                                   /* ^^^^^^^^ */
  7                              WHERE e.deptno = dt.deptno),
  8                             ', ' --Delimiter
  9                             ) "Contacts"
 10    FROM scott.dept dt;

DNAME          Contacts
-------------- ----------------------------------------------------
ACCOUNTING     CLARK, KING, MILLER
RESEARCH       ADAMS, FORD, JONES, SCOTT, SMITH
SALES          ALLEN, BLAKE, JAMES, MARTIN, TURNER, WARD
OPERATIONS     

您可以通过某种技巧强制 ORDER 来具体化子查询，但这会阻止优化器使用大多数有效路径，例如：

SQL> WITH employee AS (
  2     SELECT *
  3       FROM scott.emp
  4      WHERE ROWNUM > 0 /* will materialize the subquery */
  5      ORDER BY ename
  6  )
  7  SELECT dNAME,
  8         GetStringForTable((SELECT CAST(COLLECT(eNAME) AS TVarCharTable)
  9                              FROM employee e
 10                              WHERE e.deptno = dt.deptno),
 11                             ', ' --Delimiter
 12                             ) "Contacts"
 13    FROM scott.dept dt;

DNAME          Contacts
-------------- -----------------------------------------------------
ACCOUNTING     CLARK, KING, MILLER
RESEARCH       ADAMS, FORD, JONES, SCOTT, SMITH
SALES          ALLEN, BLAKE, JAMES, MARTIN, TURNER, WARD
OPERATIONS