多渐变形状

发布于 2024-10-06 15:53:25 字数 210 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我想创建一个如下图所示的形状:

alt text

注意上半部分从颜色 1 到颜色的渐变2,但有一个从颜色 3 渐变到颜色 4 的下半部分。我知道如何使用单个渐变制作形状,但我不确定如何将形状分成两半并制作具有 2 个不同渐变的 1 个形状。

有什么想法吗?

I'd like to create a shape that's like the following image:

alt text

Notice the top half gradients from color 1 to color 2, but theres a bottom half that gradients from color 3 to color 4. I know how to make a shape with a single gradient, but I'm not sure how to split a shape into two halves and make 1 shape with 2 different gradients.

Any ideas?

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痕至 2024-10-13 15:53:26

您可以仅使用 xml 形状来做到这一点 - 只需使用图层列表和负填充,如下所示:

    <layer-list>

        <item>
            <shape>
                <solid android:color="#ffffff" />

                <padding android:top="20dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>

        <item>
            <shape>
                <gradient android:endColor="#ffffff" android:startColor="#efefef" android:type="linear" android:angle="90" />

                <padding android:top="-20dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>

    </layer-list>

You CAN do it using only xml shapes - just use layer-list AND negative padding like this:

    <layer-list>

        <item>
            <shape>
                <solid android:color="#ffffff" />

                <padding android:top="20dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>

        <item>
            <shape>
                <gradient android:endColor="#ffffff" android:startColor="#efefef" android:type="linear" android:angle="90" />

                <padding android:top="-20dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>

    </layer-list>
生来就爱笑 2024-10-13 15:53:26

尝试这个方法,然后你就可以做你想做的一切。
它就像一个堆栈,所以要小心哪个项目是第一个或最后一个。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:right="50dp" android:start="10dp" android:left="10dp">
    <shape
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:shape="rectangle">
        <corners android:radius="3dp" />
        <solid android:color="#012d08"/>
    </shape>
</item>
<item android:top="50dp">
    <shape android:shape="rectangle">
        <solid android:color="#7c4b4b" />
    </shape>
</item>
<item android:top="90dp" android:end="60dp">
    <shape android:shape="rectangle">
        <solid android:color="#e2cc2626" />
    </shape>
</item>
<item android:start="50dp" android:bottom="20dp" android:top="120dp">
    <shape android:shape="rectangle">
        <solid android:color="#360e0e" />
    </shape>
</item>

Try this method then you can do every thing you want.
It is like a stack so be careful which item comes first or last.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:right="50dp" android:start="10dp" android:left="10dp">
    <shape
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:shape="rectangle">
        <corners android:radius="3dp" />
        <solid android:color="#012d08"/>
    </shape>
</item>
<item android:top="50dp">
    <shape android:shape="rectangle">
        <solid android:color="#7c4b4b" />
    </shape>
</item>
<item android:top="90dp" android:end="60dp">
    <shape android:shape="rectangle">
        <solid android:color="#e2cc2626" />
    </shape>
</item>
<item android:start="50dp" android:bottom="20dp" android:top="120dp">
    <shape android:shape="rectangle">
        <solid android:color="#360e0e" />
    </shape>
</item>

风苍溪 2024-10-13 15:53:26

您是否尝试过将一个渐变与近乎透明的不透明度叠加在另一张图像之上,以不透明的不透明度表示绿色渐变?

Have you tried to overlay one gradient with a nearly-transparent opacity for the highlight on top of another image with an opaque opacity for the green gradient?

过度放纵 2024-10-13 15:53:26
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<stroke
    android:width="2dp"
    android:color="#AEAEAE"></stroke>
<corners android:radius="0dp" />
<padding
    android:bottom="2dp"
    android:left="5dp"
    android:right="1dp"
    android:top="2dp" />

<gradient
    android:endColor="#3F51B5"
    android:startColor="#2196F3"
    android:type="linear"></gradient>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<stroke
    android:width="2dp"
    android:color="#AEAEAE"></stroke>
<corners android:radius="0dp" />
<padding
    android:bottom="2dp"
    android:left="5dp"
    android:right="1dp"
    android:top="2dp" />

<gradient
    android:endColor="#3F51B5"
    android:startColor="#2196F3"
    android:type="linear"></gradient>
瞄了个咪的 2024-10-13 15:53:25

我认为你不能在 XML 中做到这一点(至少不能在 Android 中),但我发现了一个很好的解决方案 这里看起来会有很大的帮助!

ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory sf = new ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory() {
    @Override
    public Shader resize(int width, int height) {
        LinearGradient lg = new LinearGradient(0, 0, width, height,
            new int[]{Color.GREEN, Color.GREEN, Color.WHITE, Color.WHITE},
            new float[]{0,0.5f,.55f,1}, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
        return lg;
    }
};

PaintDrawable p=new PaintDrawable();
p.setShape(new RectShape());
p.setShaderFactory(sf);

基本上,int 数组允许您选择多个颜色停止点,以下浮点数组定义这些停止点的位置(从 0 到 1)。然后,如上所述,您可以将其用作标准 Drawable。

编辑:以下是您在场景中如何使用它的方法。假设您有一个在 XML 中定义的按钮,如下所示:

<Button
    android:id="@+id/thebutton"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Press Me!"
    />

然后您可以在 onCreate() 方法中添加类似的内容:

Button theButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.thebutton);
ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory sf = new ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory() {
    @Override
    public Shader resize(int width, int height) {
        LinearGradient lg = new LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, theButton.getHeight(),
            new int[] { 
                Color.LIGHT_GREEN, 
                Color.WHITE, 
                Color.MID_GREEN, 
                Color.DARK_GREEN }, //substitute the correct colors for these
            new float[] {
                0, 0.45f, 0.55f, 1 },
            Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
         return lg;
    }
};
PaintDrawable p = new PaintDrawable();
p.setShape(new RectShape());
p.setShaderFactory(sf);
theButton.setBackground((Drawable)p);

我目前无法测试它,这是我脑海中的代码,但基本上只是替换或添加停止以获得您需要的颜色。基本上,在我的示例中,您将从浅绿色开始,在中心之前稍微淡入白色(以提供淡入淡出,而不是粗糙的过渡),从白色淡入 45% 到 55% 之间的中绿色,然后从从 55% 到最后,中绿色到深绿色。这可能看起来与您的形状不完全一样(现在,我无法测试这些颜色),但您可以修改它以复制您的示例。

编辑:此外, 0, 0, 0, theButton.getHeight() 指的是渐变的 x0, y0, x1, y1 坐标。所以基本上,它从 x = 0(左侧)、y = 0(顶部)开始,并延伸到 x = 0(我们需要垂直渐变,因此不需要从左到右的角度),y = 高度按钮的。因此,渐变从按钮顶部到按钮底部呈 90 度角。

编辑:好吧,我还有一个可行的想法,哈哈。现在它可以在 XML 中运行,但也应该可以用于 Java 中的形状。它有点复杂,我想有一种方法可以将其简化为单个形状,但这就是我现在所拥有的:

green_horizo​​ntal_gradient.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle"
    >
    <corners
        android:radius="3dp"
        />
    <gradient
        android:angle="0"
        android:startColor="#FF63a34a"
        android:endColor="#FF477b36"
        android:type="linear"
        />    
</shape>

half_overlay.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle"
    >
    <solid
        android:color="#40000000"
        />
</shape>

layer_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    >
    <item
        android:drawable="@drawable/green_horizontal_gradient"
        android:id="@+id/green_gradient"
        />
    <item
        android:drawable="@drawable/half_overlay"
        android:id="@+id/half_overlay"
        android:top="50dp"
        />
</layer-list>

test.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    >
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/image_test"
        android:background="@drawable/layer_list"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="15dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="Layer List Drawable!"
        android:textColor="@android:color/white"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:textSize="26sp"     
        />
</RelativeLayout>

好的,基本上我已经在 XML 中为水平绿色渐变创建了一个形状渐变,设置为 0 度角,从顶部开始区域的左侧为绿色,右侧为绿色。接下来,我制作了一个半透明灰色的形状矩形。我非常确定可以将其内联到图层列表 XML 中,从而避免这个额外的文件,但我不确定如何实现。但是好吧,那么这种 hacky 部分就出现在 layer_list XML 文件中。我将绿色渐变作为底层,然后将半覆盖作为第二层,与顶部偏移 50dp。显然,您希望这个数字始终是您的视图大小的一半,而不是固定的 50dp。不过,我认为您不能使用百分比。从那里,我只是将 TextView 插入到我的 test.xml 布局中,使用 layer_list.xml 文件作为背景。我将高度设置为 100dp(叠加层偏移大小的两倍),结果如下:

alt text

Tada !

再编辑:我意识到您可以将形状作为项目嵌入到可绘制图层列表中,这意味着您不再需要 3 个单独的 XML 文件!您可以像这样组合它们来获得相同的结果:

layer_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    >
    <item>
        <shape
            xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            android:shape="rectangle"
            >
            <corners
                android:radius="3dp"
                />
            <gradient
                android:angle="0"
                android:startColor="#FF63a34a"
                android:endColor="#FF477b36"
                android:type="linear"
                />    
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item
        android:top="50dp" 
        >
        <shape
            android:shape="rectangle"
            >
            <solid
                android:color="#40000000"
                />
        </shape>            
    </item>
</layer-list>

您可以通过这种方式对任意数量的项目进行分层!我可能会尝试一下,看看是否可以通过 Java 获得更通用的结果。

我认为这是最后一次编辑...:好的,所以你绝对可以通过Java修复定位,如下所示:

    TextView tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.image_test);
    LayerDrawable ld = (LayerDrawable)tv.getBackground();
    int topInset = tv.getHeight() / 2 ; //does not work!
    ld.setLayerInset(1, 0, topInset, 0, 0);
    tv.setBackgroundDrawable(ld);

但是!这会导致另一个恼人的问题,即在绘制 TextView 之前您无法测量它。我还不太确定如何完成此操作...但是手动插入 topInset 的数字确实有效。

我撒谎了,再编辑一次

好的,找到了如何手动更新该图层可绘制以匹配容器的高度,可以找到完整的描述此处。这段代码应该放在你的 onCreate() 方法中:

final TextView tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.image_test);
        ViewTreeObserver vto = tv.getViewTreeObserver();
        vto.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
            @Override
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
                LayerDrawable ld = (LayerDrawable)tv.getBackground();
                ld.setLayerInset(1, 0, tv.getHeight() / 2, 0, 0);
            }
        });

我就完成了!哇! :)

I don't think you can do this in XML (at least not in Android), but I've found a good solution posted here that looks like it'd be a great help!

ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory sf = new ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory() {
    @Override
    public Shader resize(int width, int height) {
        LinearGradient lg = new LinearGradient(0, 0, width, height,
            new int[]{Color.GREEN, Color.GREEN, Color.WHITE, Color.WHITE},
            new float[]{0,0.5f,.55f,1}, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
        return lg;
    }
};

PaintDrawable p=new PaintDrawable();
p.setShape(new RectShape());
p.setShaderFactory(sf);

Basically, the int array allows you to select multiple color stops, and the following float array defines where those stops are positioned (from 0 to 1). You can then, as stated, just use this as a standard Drawable.

Edit: Here's how you could use this in your scenario. Let's say you have a Button defined in XML like so:

<Button
    android:id="@+id/thebutton"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Press Me!"
    />

You'd then put something like this in your onCreate() method:

Button theButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.thebutton);
ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory sf = new ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory() {
    @Override
    public Shader resize(int width, int height) {
        LinearGradient lg = new LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, theButton.getHeight(),
            new int[] { 
                Color.LIGHT_GREEN, 
                Color.WHITE, 
                Color.MID_GREEN, 
                Color.DARK_GREEN }, //substitute the correct colors for these
            new float[] {
                0, 0.45f, 0.55f, 1 },
            Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
         return lg;
    }
};
PaintDrawable p = new PaintDrawable();
p.setShape(new RectShape());
p.setShaderFactory(sf);
theButton.setBackground((Drawable)p);

I cannot test this at the moment, this is code from my head, but basically just replace, or add stops for the colors that you need. Basically, in my example, you would start with a light green, fade to white slightly before the center (to give a fade, rather than a harsh transition), fade from white to mid green between 45% and 55%, then fade from mid green to dark green from 55% to the end. This may not look exactly like your shape (Right now, I have no way of testing these colors), but you can modify this to replicate your example.

Edit: Also, the 0, 0, 0, theButton.getHeight() refers to the x0, y0, x1, y1 coordinates of the gradient. So basically, it starts at x = 0 (left side), y = 0 (top), and stretches to x = 0 (we're wanting a vertical gradient, so no left to right angle is necessary), y = the height of the button. So the gradient goes at a 90 degree angle from the top of the button to the bottom of the button.

Edit: Okay, so I have one more idea that works, haha. Right now it works in XML, but should be doable for shapes in Java as well. It's kind of complex, and I imagine there's a way to simplify it into a single shape, but this is what I've got for now:

green_horizontal_gradient.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle"
    >
    <corners
        android:radius="3dp"
        />
    <gradient
        android:angle="0"
        android:startColor="#FF63a34a"
        android:endColor="#FF477b36"
        android:type="linear"
        />    
</shape>

half_overlay.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle"
    >
    <solid
        android:color="#40000000"
        />
</shape>

layer_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    >
    <item
        android:drawable="@drawable/green_horizontal_gradient"
        android:id="@+id/green_gradient"
        />
    <item
        android:drawable="@drawable/half_overlay"
        android:id="@+id/half_overlay"
        android:top="50dp"
        />
</layer-list>

test.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    >
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/image_test"
        android:background="@drawable/layer_list"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="15dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="Layer List Drawable!"
        android:textColor="@android:color/white"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:textSize="26sp"     
        />
</RelativeLayout>

Okay, so basically I've created a shape gradient in XML for the horizontal green gradient, set at a 0 degree angle, going from the top area's left green color, to the right green color. Next, I made a shape rectangle with a half transparent gray. I'm pretty sure that could be inlined into the layer-list XML, obviating this extra file, but I'm not sure how. But okay, then the kind of hacky part comes in on the layer_list XML file. I put the green gradient as the bottom layer, then put the half overlay as the second layer, offset from the top by 50dp. Obviously you'd want this number to always be half of whatever your view size is, though, and not a fixed 50dp. I don't think you can use percentages, though. From there, I just inserted a TextView into my test.xml layout, using the layer_list.xml file as my background. I set the height to 100dp (twice the size of the offset of the overlay), resulting in the following:

alt text

Tada!

One more edit: I've realized you can just embed the shapes into the layer list drawable as items, meaning you don't need 3 separate XML files any more! You can achieve the same result combining them like so:

layer_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    >
    <item>
        <shape
            xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            android:shape="rectangle"
            >
            <corners
                android:radius="3dp"
                />
            <gradient
                android:angle="0"
                android:startColor="#FF63a34a"
                android:endColor="#FF477b36"
                android:type="linear"
                />    
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item
        android:top="50dp" 
        >
        <shape
            android:shape="rectangle"
            >
            <solid
                android:color="#40000000"
                />
        </shape>            
    </item>
</layer-list>

You can layer as many items as you like this way! I may try to play around and see if I can get a more versatile result through Java.

I think this is the last edit...: Okay, so you can definitely fix the positioning through Java, like the following:

    TextView tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.image_test);
    LayerDrawable ld = (LayerDrawable)tv.getBackground();
    int topInset = tv.getHeight() / 2 ; //does not work!
    ld.setLayerInset(1, 0, topInset, 0, 0);
    tv.setBackgroundDrawable(ld);

However! This leads to yet another annoying problem in that you cannot measure the TextView until after it has been drawn. I'm not quite sure yet how you can accomplish this...but manually inserting a number for topInset does work.

I lied, one more edit

Okay, found out how to manually update this layer drawable to match the height of the container, full description can be found here. This code should go in your onCreate() method:

final TextView tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.image_test);
        ViewTreeObserver vto = tv.getViewTreeObserver();
        vto.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
            @Override
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
                LayerDrawable ld = (LayerDrawable)tv.getBackground();
                ld.setLayerInset(1, 0, tv.getHeight() / 2, 0, 0);
            }
        });

And I'm done! Whew! :)

夢归不見 2024-10-13 15:53:25

您可以使用图层列表在 xml 中对渐变形状进行分层。
想象一个具有如下默认状态的按钮,其中第二个项目是半透明的。它增加了一种渐晕效果。 (请原谅自定义颜色。)

<!-- Normal state. -->
<item>
    <layer-list>
        <item>  
            <shape>
                <gradient 
                    android:startColor="@color/grey_light"
                    android:endColor="@color/grey_dark"
                    android:type="linear"
                    android:angle="270"
                    android:centerColor="@color/grey_mediumtodark" />
                <stroke
                    android:width="1dp"
                    android:color="@color/grey_dark" />
                <corners
                    android:radius="5dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>
        <item>  
            <shape>
                <gradient 
                    android:startColor="#00666666"
                    android:endColor="#77666666"
                    android:type="radial"
                    android:gradientRadius="200"
                    android:centerColor="#00666666"
                    android:centerX="0.5"
                    android:centerY="0" />
                <stroke
                    android:width="1dp"
                    android:color="@color/grey_dark" />
                <corners
                    android:radius="5dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>
    </layer-list>
</item>

You can layer gradient shapes in the xml using a layer-list.
Imagine a button with the default state as below, where the second item is semi-transparent. It adds a sort of vignetting. (Please excuse the custom-defined colours.)

<!-- Normal state. -->
<item>
    <layer-list>
        <item>  
            <shape>
                <gradient 
                    android:startColor="@color/grey_light"
                    android:endColor="@color/grey_dark"
                    android:type="linear"
                    android:angle="270"
                    android:centerColor="@color/grey_mediumtodark" />
                <stroke
                    android:width="1dp"
                    android:color="@color/grey_dark" />
                <corners
                    android:radius="5dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>
        <item>  
            <shape>
                <gradient 
                    android:startColor="#00666666"
                    android:endColor="#77666666"
                    android:type="radial"
                    android:gradientRadius="200"
                    android:centerColor="#00666666"
                    android:centerX="0.5"
                    android:centerY="0" />
                <stroke
                    android:width="1dp"
                    android:color="@color/grey_dark" />
                <corners
                    android:radius="5dp" />
            </shape>
        </item>
    </layer-list>
</item>

~没有更多了~
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