Bash 写入文件（变量？）

Question

OK，尝试将 SQL 查询写入文本文件。我试过猫，但没有成功。

这是我想写入文件的内容：

   USE vsftpd;
    CREATE TABLE `accounts` (
    `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ,
    `username` VARCHAR( 30 ) NOT NULL ,
    `pass` VARCHAR( 50 ) NOT NULL ,
    UNIQUE (
    `username`
    )

) ENGINE = MYISAM ;

quit;

这是我使用 cat 或 echo 时得到的结果（也许我需要某种开关？）：

USE vsftpd;
CREATE TABLE  (
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ,
 VARCHAR( 30 ) NOT NULL ,
 VARCHAR( 50 ) NOT NULL ,
UNIQUE (

)
) ENGINE = MYISAM ;

quit;

Answer 1

在没有看到您正在使用的确切命令的情况下，很难说如何解决这个问题，但我怀疑 shell 正在执行 反引号替换 在您的文本上。因此，在有

CREATE TABLE `accounts`

bash 的地方，尝试将 accounts 作为命令执行，并用命令的标准输出替换反引号文本。由于您的路径中可能没有这样的命令，因此反引号部分会在输出中消失。

尝试使用反斜杠转义每个 ` 字符，如下所示：

CREATE TABLE \`accounts\`

Answer 2

如果您在 shell 中运行带有反引号的命令，它将评估 `` 中包含的命令。因此，一种方法是使用单引号，如下所示：

$ echo '   USE vsftpd;
    CREATE TABLE `accounts` (
    `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ,
    `username` VARCHAR( 30 ) NOT NULL ,
    `pass` VARCHAR( 50 ) NOT NULL ,
    UNIQUE (
    `username`
    )

) ENGINE = MYISAM ;

quit;
' > file.sql

$ more file.sql # verify content is correct

Answer 3

无论如何，我想我现在可以发布整个内容，以防其他人使用 vsftpd 并且你帮助了我。这是使用 mysql 的 vsftpd 虚拟用户的脚本。除了创建新用户之外，这里的所有内容都可以从给定的内容中找出如何编写：

#!/bin/bash

while [[ "$yn" != "Yes" && "$yn" != "Y" && "$yn" != "y" && "$yn" != "yes" ]]; do
echo "name for your root password for MySQL"
read rpsql
echo "name for your primary FTP user"
read puftp
echo "what's you ftp password?"
read pftp
echo "what's the IPaddress of this server?"
read fip
echo "What is the Hostname of this server?" 
read fhost
    echo "You have entered $rpsql as your MySQL password"
    echo "You have entered $puftp as your FTP user"
    echo "You have entered $pftp as your Primary FTP password"
    echo "You have entered $fip as your IP address"
    echo "You have  entered $fhost as your hostname"
    echo "Are all of these correct? (Yes or No)"
      read yn
done

echo '######################################################################'
echo '##### Installing, configuring, and creating FTP Users and Shares #####'
echo '######################################################################'

apt-get install vsftpd libpam-mysql mysql-client phpmyadmin

mysqladmin -h nexwrxdemo.com -u root password $rpsql

echo 'CREATE DATABASE vsftpd;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP ON vsftpd.* TO '$puftp'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$pftp';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP ON vsftpd.* TO '$puftp'@'localhost.localdomain' IDENTIFIED BY '$pftp';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP ON vsftpd.* TO '$puftp'@'$fip' IDENTIFIED BY '$pftp';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP ON vsftpd.* TO '$puftp'@'$fhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$pftp';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

USE vsftpd;
    CREATE TABLE `accounts` (
    `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ,
    `username` VARCHAR( 30 ) NOT NULL ,
    `pass` VARCHAR( 50 ) NOT NULL ,
    UNIQUE (
    `username`
    )

) ENGINE = MYISAM ;

quit; ' > vsftpd.db

echo "granting permissions to 'vsftpd' on database 'vsftpd'"

mysql -u root -p$rpsql < vsftpd.db 

echo "creating a non-privileged user called 'vsftp' (with the homedir /home/vsftpd) belonging to the group 'nogroup'"

useradd --home /home/$puftp --gid nogroup -m --shell /bin/false $puftp

echo "configuring vsftpd"
echo "backing up vsftpd config file"

cp -r -f -p /etc/vsftpd.conf /backups/
cat /dev/null > /etc/vsftpd.conf

echo 'listen=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
nopriv_user=vsftpd
chroot_local_user=YES
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd
pam_service_name=vsftpd
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/vsftpd.pem
guest_enable=YES
guest_username=vsftpd
local_root=/home/vsftpd/$USER
user_sub_token=$USER
virtual_use_local_privs=YES
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf
' > /etc/vsftpd.conf

mkdir /etc/vsftpd_user_conf

echo "backing up pam/vsftpd config file"

cp -r -f -p /etc/pam.d/vsftpd /orig-config/
cat /dev/null > /etc/pam.d/vsftpd

echo "auth required pam_mysql.so user=$puftp passwd=$psql host=localhost db=vsftpd table=accounts usercolumn=username passwdcolumn=pass crypt=2
account required pam_mysql.so user=$puftp passwd=$psql host=localhost db=vsftpd table=accounts usercolumn=username passwdcolumn=pass crypt=2" > /etc/pam.d/vsftpd

/etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
#may be service vsftpd restart

echo "setting up ftp admin & standard users for websites" 
echo "adding new users to ftp database"