Rails功能测试
在Rails自动生成的功能测试（test/function/products_controller_test.rb）中，我看到以下代码：
class ProductsControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase
setup do
@product = products(:one)
...
end
...some tests here...
end
我的问题是：
方法调用在哪里/如何
products()已定义？products(:one)的实际含义是什么？看看代码，它可能意味着“创建一个产品”，但是它是如何工作的？
注意，我是 Ruby/Rails 的新手，如果这些问题很琐碎，我深表歉意。
In the Rails auto-generated functional test (test/functional/products_controller_test.rb), I see the following code:
class ProductsControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase
setup do
@product = products(:one)
...
end
...some tests here...
end
The questions that I have are:
Where/how is the method call
products()defined?What does
products(:one)actually mean? Looking at the code, it probably means "create one product", but how does that work?
N.B. I'm new to Ruby/Rails, apologies if these are a trivial questions.
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如果您查看 test/fixtures 文件夹，您将看到一个 products.yml 文件。这是在您创建模型时自动生成的。在您的测试文件中，
products(:one)指的是该文件中标记为“one”的产品。夹具会自动加载到数据库中进行测试，并且创建products()方法作为这些对象的便捷访问器。您可以根据需要直接在 yml 文件中添加自己的夹具对象。
If you look in your test/fixtures folder, you'll see a products.yml file. This is generated automatically when you create a model. In your test files,
products(:one)is referring to the product in that file labelled "one". Fixtures are automatically loaded into the database for tests, and theproducts()method is created as a convenient accessor for those objects.You can add your own fixture objects as needed, directly in the yml file.