Python 创建 cookie,然后使用 cookie 加载页面

发布于 2024-10-05 18:12:54 字数 235 浏览 2 评论 0原文


我想从 python 程序访问网页。 我必须设置 cookie 才能加载页面。
我使用了 httplib2 库,但没有找到如何添加自己的 cookie

resp_headers, content = h.request("http://www.theURL.com", "GET")

如何创建具有正确名称和值的 cookie,将其添加到函数中然后加载页面?
谢谢

I would like to access a web page from a python program.
I have to set up cookies to load the page.
I used the httplib2 library, but I didn't find how add my own cookie

resp_headers, content = h.request("http://www.theURL.com", "GET")

How can I create cookies with the right name and value, add it to the function and then load the page?
Thanks

如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

扫码二维码加入Web技术交流群

发布评论

需要 登录 才能够评论, 你可以免费 注册 一个本站的账号。

评论(3

再见回来 2024-10-12 18:12:54

来自http://code.google.com/p/httplib2/wiki/Examples 希望会有所帮助 )

Cookies

当自动化某些操作时,您通常需要“登录”以维护与服务器的某种会话/状态。有时,这是通过基于表单的身份验证和 cookie 来实现的。您将一个表单发布到服务器,它会在传入的 HTTP 标头中使用 cookie 进行响应。您需要在后续请求中将此 cookie 传递回服务器以维护状态或保持会话处于活动状态。

以下是执行 HTTP Post 时如何处理 cookie 的示例。

首先,让我们导入我们将使用的模块:

import urllib
import httplib2

现在,让我们定义我们需要的数据。在本例中,我们正在执行一个表单发布,其中包含两个表示用户名和密码的字段。

url = 'http://www.example.com/login'   
body = {'USERNAME': 'foo', 'PASSWORD': 'bar'}
headers = {'Content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}

现在我们可以发送 HTTP 请求:

http = httplib2.Http()
response, content = http.request(url, 'POST', headers=headers, body=urllib.urlencode(body))

此时,我们的“response”变量包含服务器返回的 HTTP 标头字段的字典。如果返回 cookie,您将看到包含 cookie 值的“set-cookie”字段。我们想要获取这个值并将其放入后续请求的传出 HTTP 标头中:

headers['Cookie'] = response['set-cookie']

现在我们可以使用此标头发送请求,它将包含 cookie,以便服务器可以识别我们。

所以...这是脚本中的全部内容。我们登录到一个站点,然后使用我们收到的 cookie 发出另一个请求:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import urllib
import httplib2

http = httplib2.Http()

url = 'http://www.example.com/login'   
body = {'USERNAME': 'foo', 'PASSWORD': 'bar'}
headers = {'Content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}
response, content = http.request(url, 'POST', headers=headers, body=urllib.urlencode(body))

headers = {'Cookie': response['set-cookie']}

url = 'http://www.example.com/home'   
response, content = http.request(url, 'GET', headers=headers)

From http://code.google.com/p/httplib2/wiki/Examples hope will help )

Cookies

When automating something, you often need to "login" to maintain some sort of session/state with the server. Sometimes this is achieved with form-based authentication and cookies. You post a form to the server, and it responds with a cookie in the incoming HTTP header. You need to pass this cookie back to the server in subsequent requests to maintain state or to keep a session alive.

Here is an example of how to deal with cookies when doing your HTTP Post.

First, lets import the modules we will use:

import urllib
import httplib2

Now, lets define the data we will need. In this case, we are doing a form post with 2 fields representing a username and a password.

url = 'http://www.example.com/login'   
body = {'USERNAME': 'foo', 'PASSWORD': 'bar'}
headers = {'Content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}

Now we can send the HTTP request:

http = httplib2.Http()
response, content = http.request(url, 'POST', headers=headers, body=urllib.urlencode(body))

At this point, our "response" variable contains a dictionary of HTTP header fields that were returned by the server. If a cookie was returned, you would see a "set-cookie" field containing the cookie value. We want to take this value and put it into the outgoing HTTP header for our subsequent requests:

headers['Cookie'] = response['set-cookie']

Now we can send a request using this header and it will contain the cookie, so the server can recognize us.

So... here is the whole thing in a script. We login to a site and then make another request using the cookie we received:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import urllib
import httplib2

http = httplib2.Http()

url = 'http://www.example.com/login'   
body = {'USERNAME': 'foo', 'PASSWORD': 'bar'}
headers = {'Content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}
response, content = http.request(url, 'POST', headers=headers, body=urllib.urlencode(body))

headers = {'Cookie': response['set-cookie']}

url = 'http://www.example.com/home'   
response, content = http.request(url, 'GET', headers=headers)
北方的巷 2024-10-12 18:12:54
http = httplib2.Http()
# get cookie_value here
headers = {'Cookie':cookie_value}
response, content = http.request("http://www.theURL.com", 'GET', headers=headers)

您可能需要添加另一个标头参数来指定另一个 HTTP 请求参数。

http = httplib2.Http()
# get cookie_value here
headers = {'Cookie':cookie_value}
response, content = http.request("http://www.theURL.com", 'GET', headers=headers)

You may want to add another header parameters to specify another HTTP request parameters.

飞烟轻若梦 2024-10-12 18:12:54

您还可以仅使用 urllib2

        import urllib2

        opener = urllib2.build_opener()
        opener.addheaders.append(('Cookie', 'cookie1=value1;cookie2=value2'))
        f = opener.open("http://www.example.com/")
        the_page_html = f.read()

You can also use just urllib2 library

        import urllib2

        opener = urllib2.build_opener()
        opener.addheaders.append(('Cookie', 'cookie1=value1;cookie2=value2'))
        f = opener.open("http://www.example.com/")
        the_page_html = f.read()
~没有更多了~
我们使用 Cookies 和其他技术来定制您的体验包括您的登录状态等。通过阅读我们的 隐私政策 了解更多相关信息。 单击 接受 或继续使用网站,即表示您同意使用 Cookies 和您的相关数据。
原文