Smalltalk-80 最适合在哪里使用？
我想知道哪些应用程序/编程域最适合 Smalltalk。有人可以给我提供一些可以回答我的查询的有用链接吗？
通过谷歌搜索，我了解到一些公司将其用于：
- 物流和外贸应用程序
- 桌面、服务器和脚本开发
- 数据处理和物流、脚本和演示
文稿，但我找不到可以告诉我哪个编程领域 Smalltalk-80（或Smalltalk）最适合。
一些编程领域是： - 人工智能推理 - 通用应用程序 - 金融时间序列分析 - 自然语言处理 - 关系数据库查询 - 应用程序脚本 - 互联网 - 符号数学 - 数值数学 - 统计应用 - 文本处理 - 矩阵算法
我希望你们能帮助我。我这样做是为了我的案例研究。提前致谢。
I want to know in which applications/programming domain are most suitable for Smalltalk. Could anyone please provide me some useful links that could answer my query?
Through googling I learned that some companies use it for:
- logistics and foreign trade application
- desktop, server and script development
- data processing and logistics, scripts and presentations
but I cant find documents/research papers that can tell me which programming domain Smalltalk-80 (or Smalltalk) is best suited.
Some of the programming domains are:
- Artificial intelligence reasoning
- General purpose applications
- Financial time series analysis
- Natural language processing
- Relational database querying
- Application scripting
- Internet
- Symbolic mathematics
- Numerical mathematics
- Statistical applications
- Text processing
- Matrix algorithms
I hope you guys can help me. I am doing this for my case study. Thanks in advance.
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它是一种通用编程语言。套用 Kent Pitman 关于 Common Lisp 有什么用处的问题：
它特别适合不能停机的应用程序 - 深入修补正在运行的服务器是很正常的（例如，通过更改类的形状）而不关闭服务器 - 或非常复杂或需求快速变化的系统。
It's a general purpose programming language. To paraphrase Kent Pitman on the question of what Common Lisp is useful for:
It's particularly suited for applications that cannot have downtime - it's quite normal to patch a running server in deep ways (say, by changing the shape of your class) without taking the server down - or systems that are very complex or have rapidly changing requirements.
由于 Aida/Web 中的创新和新方法，Smalltalk 最近在基于 Web 的应用程序方面取得了相当大的增长，伊利亚特和海边 Smalltalk Web 框架。
一般来说，Smalltalk 用于大多数复杂的信息系统，我只提其中两个：
Smalltalk has quite substantial growth recently in web based applications, thanks to innovations and fresh approaches in Aida/Web, Iliad and Seaside Smalltalk web frameworks.
In general Smalltalk is used for most complex information systems, let me mention just two:
我的目标是对软件进行一次大脑转储。我发现 Smalltalk 非常适合这一点。 Smalltalk 让我可以轻松地将我的想法写成代码。它为我的想法提供了反馈。在执行过程中的任何点进行无限深度调试的能力只会增强我对要解决的问题的理解。然后它可以让我最自然地执行我的解决方案。
许益祥
My goal has been to do a brain dump into software. And I have found Smalltalk to be very well suited for that. Smalltalk makes it easy to put my ideas down in code. And it provides feedback to my thinking. The ability to debug infinitely deep at any point in the execution just enhances my understand of the problem to be solved. Then it allows me to carry out my solution most naturally.
Aik-Siong Koh
恐怕你会得到和 Smalltalk 用户一样多的答案。对于某些人来说，这是一种“生活方式”，对于另一些人来说，这是一个学习过程，最终他们“搁浅”在面向对象语言的鼻祖那里。有些人使用他们的smalltalk 作为“IT 问题”的一种外壳。
对我来说，答案是应用程序开发。现在这绝对是一个广阔的领域。正如您所发现的，它在经济软件中被“大量”使用。这就是我使用它的地方。我决定将它用于与“业务”相关的网络开发项目。
I'm afraid you will get as many answers as users of Smalltalk. For some it's a "way of life" for others it's a learning process and in the end they "strand" at granddaddy of the OO languages. Some are using their smalltalk as a kind of shell to "IT-problems".
For me the answer is for application development. Now this is definitive a wide field. As you figured out it is used quite "much" in the software for economic stuff. And that is where I'm using it. I've decided to use it for my Web-Development projects which are related to "business".
您指定的域都适合 Smalltalk。 Smalltalk 显示了其在开发受工程时间限制而不是受硬件限制的系统方面的优势。
Seaside Web 框架使我们能够用其他技术所需时间的一小部分来创建复杂的 Web 应用程序。 Gemstone 面向对象的数据库使我们几乎可以忽略持久性问题。
The domains you named are all suitable for Smalltalk. Smalltalk shows its strengths in development for systems that are engineering-time limited, instead of hardware-limited.
The Seaside web framework allows us to create complex web applications in a fraction of the time needed in other technologies. The Gemstone object-oriented database allows us to nearly ignore persistence issues.
Smalltalk 通常是一种非常具有表现力、可读性和可理解性的语言。每当需要维护大型代码库或需要非专业人士理解代码时，Smalltalk 就会发挥作用。
»Smalltalk 是一种将计算机作为自我表达媒介的愿景。 ......计算机的人文愿景是每个人都可以使用并从中受益。如果您想要有一种自我表达的媒介，那么可编程性是关键，因为除非您实际上能够使系统按照您想要的方式运行，否则您将成为机器上内容的奴隶。所以这真的很重要，所以语言就派上用场了，因为你可以通过语言向机器表达自己。« – Elliot Miranda
Smalltalk is generally a very expressive, readable, and understandable language. Whenever a large codebase is to be maintained or code needs to be understandable to non-professionals, Smalltalk shines.
»Smalltalk is a vision of the computer as a medium of self expression. … A humanistic vision of the computer as something everyone could use and benefit from. If you are going to have a medium for self expression, programability is key because unless you can actually make the system behave as you want you are a slave to what’s on the machine. So it’s really vital, and so language comes to the for because it’s through language that you express yourself to the machine.« – Elliot Miranda
您可以检查此链接：http ://www.clubsmalltalk.org/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=183&Itemid=117这是拉丁语中smalltalk用法的汇编。
You can check this link: http://www.clubsmalltalk.org/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=183&Itemid=117 this is a compilation of uses of smalltalk in latam.
也许回答这个问题的另一种方式是说明它可能不适合什么。其中一个域是您具有“真正的”实时约束的地方，即您需要控制垃圾收集器的启动。如果我记得 IBM (OTI) Smalltalk 嵌入式有一个关闭 gc 的机制，但 IBM 不久前放弃了它。我没见过太多的另一个领域是手机应用程序。据我所知，没有一个可行的 Smalltalk 可以在 Android 上运行，但这可能会改变。有人听说 Squeak/Pharo 的人们正在研究这一问题。我很高兴看到 ST 在 Android 上运行良好。我认为Android平板电脑市场将是一个热门市场。
最后我应该说，自 94 年以来，我一直在使用 ST 进行编码，在这些年里，我在几乎所有其他方面都看到了 Smalltalk。
perhaps another way of answering the question would be by stating what it might not be suitable for. One domain would be where you have "real" real time constraints i.e. you would need to control the garbage collector from kicking off. If I recall IBM's (OTI) Smalltalk embedded had a mechanism for turning off the gc, but IBM dropped that a while ago. The other domain I have not seen much of is cell phone apps. As far as I know none of the viable Smalltalk's can run on Android but that may change. One hears of folks in Squeak/Pharo working on that. I would love to see ST running well on Android. I think that the Android tablet market will be a hot one.
I should conclude by saying that in all the years I have been coding in ST i.e. since 94, I have seen Smalltalk in just about everything else.
这是因为 Smalltalk 不是特定于领域的语言，而是通用目的语言。
它过去的用途：
- 作为个人计算机的操作系统系统语言
- 编写丰富的多媒体和近实时应用程序，例如声音合成器
- 非常大型的企业和政府数据处理系统，例如英国内政部大件查询系统，或摩根大通的许多金融交易系统
- Web 应用程序，例如 DabbleDB
- 创建复杂的开发工具，例如 IBM 的 VisualAge IDE
- 在早期开发阶段对应用程序进行实验和原型设计
一般来说，Smalltalk 在系统复杂的地方表现出色，开发速度是关键因素，而可维护性将成为关键因素。
我使用 Smalltalk 创建应用程序来控制、管理和分发多平台 JavaScript Web 应用程序。
This is because Smalltalk is not a domain-specific language, but a general purpose language.
Things it has been used for in the past:
- as the operating system system language for personal computers
- writing rich multimedia and near real-time applications, such as sound synthesisers
- very large corporate and government data processing systems, such as the UK's Home Office Large Matter Enquiry System, or many of JPMorgan Chase's financial trading systems
- web applications, such as DabbleDB
- creating complicated development tools, such as IBM's VisualAge IDE
- experimenting and prototyping applications in early-stage development
Generally speaking Smalltalk shines where the systems are complex, development speed is a key factor, and maintainability is going to be a key factor.
I use Smalltalk to create applications to control, manage and distribute multi-platform JavaScript webapps.