“Hello, World!”的 Clang 链接器问题例子
我刚刚尝试了最新的 LLVM 和 Clang 主干版本。他们编译时没有任何警告，但我在链接 你好，世界！示例。我的代码是
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
printf("Hello, World!\n");
}
如果我编译使用
clang test.c
我得到以下错误
/usr/bin/ld: crt1.o: No such file: No such file or directory
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
使用-v显示GNU ld 被调用为：
"/usr/bin/ld" --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_i386 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o a.out crt1.o crti.o crtbegin.o -L -L/../../.. /tmp/cc-0XJTsG.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed crtend.o crtn.o
但我有 crt1.o 目标文件！
locate crt1.o
输出：
/usr/lib/Mcrt1.o
/usr/lib/Scrt1.o
/usr/lib/crt1.o
/usr/lib/gcrt1.o
这也有效：
clang -c test.c
gcc test.o
当然
gcc test.c
我进一步尝试过：
clang -Xlinker "-L /usr/lib" test.c
/usr/bin/ld: crt1.o: No such file: No such file or directory
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
clang -Xlinker "-L /usr/lib" test.c -v
"/usr/bin/ld" --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_i386 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o a.out crt1.o crti.o crtbegin.o -L -L/../../.. -L /usr/lib /tmp/cc-YsI9ES.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed crtend.o
我还尝试将 crt1.o 文件复制到当前目录中。这似乎有效。嗯，它没有编译，因为之后 crti.o 丢失了。
我的 Linux 发行版是 Ubuntu。
好吧，我真的不知道下一步该尝试什么。我不知道如何修复 clang，也不知道如何在 ld 调用中注入必要的路径。有什么想法吗？
I just tried out the latest LLVM and Clang trunk versions. They compiled without a single warning out of the box, but I'm having trouble linking a Hello, World! example. My code is
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
printf("Hello, World!\n");
}
If I compile using
clang test.c
I get the following error
/usr/bin/ld: crt1.o: No such file: No such file or directory
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
Using -v shows that the GNU ld is invoked as:
"/usr/bin/ld" --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_i386 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o a.out crt1.o crti.o crtbegin.o -L -L/../../.. /tmp/cc-0XJTsG.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed crtend.o crtn.o
But I have the crt1.o object file!
locate crt1.o
Output:
/usr/lib/Mcrt1.o
/usr/lib/Scrt1.o
/usr/lib/crt1.o
/usr/lib/gcrt1.o
This also works:
clang -c test.c
gcc test.o
And of course
gcc test.c
What I further tried:
clang -Xlinker "-L /usr/lib" test.c
/usr/bin/ld: crt1.o: No such file: No such file or directory
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
clang -Xlinker "-L /usr/lib" test.c -v
"/usr/bin/ld" --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_i386 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o a.out crt1.o crti.o crtbegin.o -L -L/../../.. -L /usr/lib /tmp/cc-YsI9ES.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed crtend.o
I also tried copying the crt1.o file into the current directory. That seemed to work. Well, it didn't compile because after that crti.o was missing.
My Linux distribution is Ubuntu.
Well, I don't really know what to try next. I don't see how I could fix clang nor do I have an idea on how to inject the necessary path in the ld invocation. Any ideas?
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似乎是 Clang 版本无法检测主机的 Linux 版本和 GCC 版本...
Clang 中的这段代码必须添加 crt* 的路径：
llvm → tools → clang → lib → Driver → Tools。 cpp和 GetFilePath 将尝试在当前 ToolChain 的 getFilePaths() 列表中搜索请求的文件（文件
clang/lib/Driver/ToolChains.cpp）。如果找不到文件，它将返回名称不变。It seems to be the Clang version which can't detect the host's Linux version and GCC version...
This code in Clang which must add path to the crt*:
llvm → tools → clang → lib → Driver → Tools.cppand the GetFilePath will try to search asked files in
getFilePaths()list of current ToolChain (fileclang/lib/Driver/ToolChains.cpp). If it can't find a file it will return the Name unchanged.在最新的 (3.5) 版本中，对于在具有 GCC 4.7 之前的 libstdc++ 的系统上使用
--with-gcc-toolchain配置选项进行构建的任何人来说，此类问题再次出现。库已安装。您会看到它有两种风格：
...以及不打算找到各种 crt 文件。
在这两种情况下，您可以通过以下方法解决问题，直到问题得到解决：
On the most recent (3.5) release this sort of problem has cropped up again for anyone who does a build using the
--with-gcc-toolchainconfigure option on a system with a pre-GCC 4.7 libstdc++ library installed.You'll see it in two flavors:
... as well as not being about to find the various crt files.
In both cases, the following allows you to work around the problem until it gets fixed:
这个可怕的黑客“修复”了 Ubuntu 11.10 x86 (Oneiric Ocelot)。
在 /usr/include/stdio.h:28 包含的文件中：
This horrible hack "fixes" compiling/linking with Clang 3.0 (r142716) on Ubuntu 11.10 x86 (Oneiric Ocelot).
In the file included from /usr/include/stdio.h:28:
运行：
在我的示例中，输出为：
以 root 身份运行以下命令，以使用目标将丢失的目录创建为链接：
Run:
In my example, the output is:
Run the following as root to use the target to create the missing directory as a link: